常见轮播效果及其实现原理
说明: 本项目只做最基础的原理分析与最简单的应用场景。
1. 简单做法:css定位 + js滑动动画
思路: 在同一个父容器内,
1. 通过改变父容器的`left` 值实现---视图切换,
2. 通过补充边界视图的过渡状态,外观上实现---无缝滚动。
核心代码:custom-carsoul.html || simple-slide.html
//css
#container {
width: 600px;
height: 400px;
border: 3px solid #333;
overflow: hidden;
position: relative;
}
#list {
width: 3000px;
height: 400px;
position: absolute;
z-index: 1;
}
#list div {
float: left;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
background: #ccc;
width: 600px;
height: 300px;
}
//js
var go = function() {
if ((speed > 0 && parseInt(list.style.left) < left) || (speed < 0 && parseInt(list.style.left) > left)) {
list.style.left = parseInt(list.style.left) + speed + 'px';
setTimeout(go, inteval);
} else {
list.style.left = left + 'px';
if (left > -200) {
list.style.left = -600 * len + 'px';
}
if (left < (-600 * len)) {
list.style.left = '-600px';
}
animated = false;
}
}
2. css渐变:css-transition
思路: 在同一个父容器内,
1. 通过改变各个仕途的过渡渐变,实现
核心代码:css3-transition.html
//css
#slideshow img {
width: 800px;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
opacity: 0;
transition: opacity 1s linear;
}
#slideshow img.active {
opacity: 1;
}
3. css动画:css-animate
思路: 在同一个父容器内,
1. 通过各个视图切换动画实现
核心代码:css-animate.html
//css
@keyframes slide {
0% {
background-position: 0 0;
}
10%, 25% {
background-position: -600px 0;
}
35%, 50% {
background-position: -1200px 0;
}
60%, 75% {
background-position: -1800px 0;
}
85%, 100% {
background-position: 0 0;
}
}
4. css3D旋转:css3 + js旋转
思路: 在同一个父容器内,
1. 将各个视图围成正棱柱体,
2. 改变正棱柱体旋转角度及视口距离,而实现无限滚动轮播
核心代码:3d-transform.html
//css
.container {
width: 150%;
height: 100px;
transition: transform 1s;
transform-style: preserve-3d;
position: absolute;
}
//js
function transform(element, value) {
return element.style['transform'] = value;
}
//50 为调整值
transZ = 50/ Math.tan((rotate / 2 / 180) * Math.PI);
5. bootstrap:css3(transform:translate3d) + js
思路: 在同一个父容器内,
1. 重点难点在于css3的过渡与渐变的应用;
2. 临界状态过渡处理;
3. 活动元素class:active->active left||right->'',下一个活动元素class:next left || prev right->active;
同一次状态只改变两个元素的class属性;
核心代码:bootstrap-carsoul.html
//css
/* 默认情况下 .item 元素隐藏*/
.carousel-inner>.item {
position: relative;
display: none;
transition: transform .6s ease-in-out;
}
/* 活动状态的元素才显示 */
.carousel-inner>.active,
.carousel-inner>.next,
.carousel-inner>.prev {
display: block;
}
/* 切换状态,显示目标元素 */
.carousel-inner>.item.active,
.carousel-inner>.item.next.left,
.carousel-inner>.item.prev.right {
left: 0;
transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
}
/* 切换过程,前后两个元素的过度 */
.carousel-inner>.item.active.left,
.carousel-inner>.item.prev {
left: 0;
transform: translate3d(-100%, 0, 0);
}
.carousel-inner>.item.active.right,
.carousel-inner>.item.next {
left: 0;
transform: translate3d(100%, 0, 0);
}
//js(mocking up)
window.onload = function() {
var items = document.querySelectorAll('.carousel-inner .item');
var prev = document.querySelector('#prev');
var next = document.querySelector('#next');
var animated = false;
var cur = 0;
var duration = 600;
function moveTo(i) {
animated = true;
if (i > 0) {
cur = cur === 2 ? 0 : cur + i;
var cLeft = cur - i === -1 ? 2 : cur - i;
transition(cur, cLeft, 'next', 'left')
} else {
cur = cur === 0 ? 2 : cur + i;
var cRight = cur - i === 3 ? 0 : cur - i;
transition(cur, cRight, 'prev', 'right')
}
function transition(cur, cx, order, direction) {
items[cx].classList.add(direction);
items[cur].classList.add(order, direction);
setTimeout(() => {
items[cx].classList.remove('active', direction);
items[cur].classList.remove(order, direction);
items[cur].classList.add('active');
animated = false;
}, duration);
}
}
prev.onclick = function() {
if (animated) {
return
}
moveTo(-1);
}
next.onclick = function() {
if (animated) {
return
}
moveTo(1);
}
}
6. css变换:css3(transform)||css3 transition
思路: 在同一个父容器内,
1. 活动元素显示,非活动元素过渡切换状态
核心代码:bootstrap-carsoul.html
//css
/* 默认情况下 .item 元素隐藏*/
.carousel-inner>.item {
position: relative;
display: none;
transition: transform .6s ease-in-out;
}
/* 活动状态的元素才显示 */
.carousel-inner>.active,
.carousel-inner>.next,
.carousel-inner>.prev {
display: block;
}
/* 切换状态,显示目标元素 */
.carousel-inner>.item.active,
.carousel-inner>.item.next.left,
.carousel-inner>.item.prev.right {
left: 0;
transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
}
/* 切换过程,前后两个元素的过度 */
.carousel-inner>.item.active.left,
.carousel-inner>.item.prev {
left: 0;
transform: translate3d(-100%, 0, 0);
}
.carousel-inner>.item.active.right,
.carousel-inner>.item.next {
left: 0;
transform: translate3d(100%, 0, 0);
}
//js