必修二英语计算机课文翻译,计算机专业英语chapter 2 programming language教学文稿.ppt...-CSDN博客

本文介绍了计算机程序的基本概念，包括程序的执行过程和两大类别：应用程序和操作系统。应用程序直接为用户提供服务，如文字处理或游戏；操作系统则管理计算机资源，如内存和硬件设备。软件开发涉及使用特殊工具，如开发程序和文本编辑器，来编写编程语言源代码，编译器将源代码转换为可执行的机器代码。解释型语言则在执行时逐行翻译。文章还提到了编译器和解释器的工作方式及其优缺点。

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chapter 2 programming language

2.puter Program

puter program is a set of instructions that directs puter to perform some processing function bination of functions. For the instructions to be carried out, puter must execute a program, that is , puter reads the program, and then follows the steps encoded in the program in a precise order pletion.

A program can be executed many different times, with each execution yielding a potentially different result depending upon the options and data that the user gives puter.

Programs fall into two major classes: application programs and operating systems.

An application program is one that carries out some function directly for a user, such as word processing or game playing. An operating system is a program that manages puter and the various resources and devices connected to it, such as RAM (random access memory) , hard drives, monitors, keyboards, printers, and modems, so that they may be used by other programs. Examples of operating systems are DOS, Windows 95, OS/2, and UNIX.

Ⅰ. Program Development

Software designers create new programs by using special applications programs, often called utility programs or development programs. A programmer uses another type of program called a text editor to write the new program in a special notation called a programming language.

piler translates text files written in a high-level programming language—such as FORTRAN, C, or Pascal—from the source code to the object code all at once. This differs from the approach taken by interpreted languages such as BASIC, in which a program is translated into object code statement by statement as each instruction is executed.

The advantage of interpreted languages is that they can begin executing the program immediately instead of having to wait for all of the source code to piled. Changes can also be made to the program fairly quickly without having to wait for it to piled again.

The disadvantage of interpreted languages is that they are s

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