必修二英语计算机课文翻译,计算机专业英语chapter 2 programming language教学文稿.ppt...

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chapter 2 programming language

2.puter Program

puter program is a set of instructions that directs puter to perform some processing function bination of functions. For the instructions to be carried out, puter must execute a program, that is , puter reads the program, and then follows the steps encoded in the program in a precise order pletion.

A program can be executed many different times, with each execution yielding a potentially different result depending upon the options and data that the user gives puter.

Programs fall into two major classes: application programs and operating systems.

An application program is one that carries out some function directly for a user, such as word processing or game playing. An operating system is a program that manages puter and the various resources and devices connected to it, such as RAM (random access memory) , hard drives, monitors, keyboards, printers, and modems, so that they may be used by other programs. Examples of operating systems are DOS, Windows 95, OS/2, and UNIX.

Ⅰ. Program Development

Software designers create new programs by using special applications programs, often called utility programs or development programs. A programmer uses another type of program called a text editor to write the new program in a special notation called a programming language.

piler translates text files written in a high-level programming language—such as FORTRAN, C, or Pascal—from the source code to the object code all at once. This differs from the approach taken by interpreted languages such as BASIC, in which a program is translated into object code statement by statement as each instruction is executed.

The advantage of interpreted languages is that they can begin executing the program immediately instead of having to wait for all of the source code to piled. Changes can also be made to the program fairly quickly without having to wait for it to piled again.

The disadvantage of interpreted languages is that they are s

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