linux获取本机ip地址函数,Linux编程获取本机IP地址

使用函数getifaddrs来枚举网卡IP，当中使用到的结构体例如以下所看到的：

struct ifaddrs

{

struct ifaddrs *ifa_next; /* Next item in list */

char *ifa_name; /* Name of interface */

unsigned int ifa_flags; /* Flags from SIOCGIFFLAGS */

struct sockaddr *ifa_addr; /* Address of interface */

struct sockaddr *ifa_netmask; /* Netmask of interface */

union

{

struct sockaddr *ifu_broadaddr; /* Broadcast address of interface */

struct sockaddr *ifu_dstaddr; /* Point-to-point destination address */

} ifa_ifu;

#define ifa_broadaddr ifa_ifu.ifu_broadaddr

#define ifa_dstaddr ifa_ifu.ifu_dstaddr

void *ifa_data; /* Address-specific data */

};

ifa_next指向链表的下一个成员。

ifa_name是接口名称，以0结尾的字符串。比方eth0，lo；

ifa_flags是接口的标识位(比方当IFF_BROADCAST或IFF_POINTOPOINT设置到此标识位时，影响联合体变量ifu_broadaddr存储广播地址或ifu_dstaddr记录点对点地址)；

ifa_netmask存储该接口的子网掩码。结构体变量存储广播地址或点对点地址(见括弧介绍ifa_flags)；

ifa_data存储了该接口协议族的特殊信息，它一般是NULL(一般不关注他)。

函数getifaddrs(int getifaddrs (struct ifaddrs **__ifap))获取本地网络接口信息，将之存储于链表中，链表头结点指针存储于__ifap中带回，函数执行成功返回0，失败返回-1，且为errno赋值。

编程实现本机IP地址获取：

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) {

struct ifaddrs * ifAddrStruct=NULL;

struct ifaddrs * ifa=NULL;

void * tmpAddrPtr=NULL;

getifaddrs(&ifAddrStruct);

for (ifa = ifAddrStruct; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {

if (ifa ->ifa_addr->sa_family==AF_INET) { // check it is IP4

// is a valid IP4 Address

tmpAddrPtr=&((struct sockaddr_in *)ifa->ifa_addr)->sin_addr;

char addressBuffer[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];

inet_ntop(AF_INET, tmpAddrPtr, addressBuffer, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);

printf("%s IP Address %s\n", ifa->ifa_name, addressBuffer);

} else if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family==AF_INET6) { // check it is IP6

// is a valid IP6 Address

tmpAddrPtr=&((struct sockaddr_in6 *)ifa->ifa_addr)->sin6_addr;

char addressBuffer[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];

inet_ntop(AF_INET6, tmpAddrPtr, addressBuffer, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN);

printf("%s IP Address %s\n", ifa->ifa_name, addressBuffer);

}

}

if (ifAddrStruct!=NULL) freeifaddrs(ifAddrStruct);

return 0;

}

在server上执行，获得的结果例如以下图：

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