mvdbos php spider,Scrapy-Redis分布式爬取自如网（一）

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-23 16:01:36 发布

陌路北巷

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-23 16:01:36 发布

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文章标签： mvdbos php spider

继上次Scrapy爬取猫眼电影之后，这几天学习了Scrapy-Redis分布式来提高爬取效率，也算是停留在舒适圈一段时间后往前走了一步！！

这次爬取的是上海自如租房，相信在魔都生活的小伙伴们如果不是本地人，租房费用占了每月开销很大的一部分，我们来看下租房体验比较好的自如，除了价格贵外 - -！！

实战应用

创建一个工程

scrapy startproject ziru

第一步编辑item.py

import scrapy

class ZiruItem(scrapy.Item):

# define the fields for your item here like:

# name = scrapy.Field()

ziroom_area = scrapy.Field()

ziroom_face = scrapy.Field()

ziroom_floor = scrapy.Field()

ziroom_label = scrapy.Field()

# ziroom_location = scrapy.Field()

ziroom_name = scrapy.Field()

ziroom_price = scrapy.Field()

ziroom_type = scrapy.Field()

ziroom_traffic = scrapy.Field()

rounding_info = scrapy.Field()

traffic_info = scrapy.Field()

ziroom_image = scrapy.Field()

pass

首先，引入Scrapy

接着，创建一个类，继承自scrapy.item,这个是用来储存要爬下来的数据的存放容器

第二步获取网页数据

在spider文件下创建spider.py

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from scrapy.spiders import Rule

from scrapy.selector import Selector

from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor

from ziru.items import ZiruItem

from scrapy_redis.spiders import RedisCrawlSpider

class ZiroomSpider(RedisCrawlSpider):

name = 'ziroom'

# allowed_domains = ['http://sh.ziroom.com/z/nl/z2.html?qwd=']

# start_urls = ['http://sh.ziroom.com/z/nl/z2.html?qwd=']

redis_key = 'ziroomspider:start_urls'

rules = (

Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=(r'http://sh.ziroom.com/z/nl/z2.html\?qwd=\&p=\d+'))),

Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=(r'http:\//sh\.ziroom\.com\/z\/vr\/\d+\.html')), callback='parse_item')

)

def parse_item(self, response):

# print(response.body)

sel = Selector(response)

...省略索取元素的代码...

yield item

比起Scrapy，又多引入了 from scrapy_redis.spiders import RedisCrawlSpider

start_urls变为redis_key = 'ziroomspider:start_urls' 作为所有链接存储到 redis

爬取rule还是一个链接为翻页，一个为详情页链接

第三步编辑管道pipeline.py

import pymongo

from scrapy.conf import settings

from scrapy.exceptions import DropItem

from scrapy import log

class MongoDBPipeline(object):

def __init__(self):

client = pymongo.MongoClient(settings['MONGODB_SERVER'], settings['MONGODB_PORT'])

db = client[settings['MONGODB_DB']]

self.collection = db[settings['MONGODB_COLLECTION']]

def process_item(self, item, spider):

# item: (Item 对象) – 被爬取的item

# (Spider 对象) – 爬取该item的spider

# 去重，删除重复的数据

valid = True

for data in item:

if not data:

valid = False

raise DropItem('Missing %s of blogpost from %s' % (data, item['url']))

if valid:

homes = [{

'ziroom_area': item['ziroom_area'],

'ziroom_face': item['ziroom_face'],

'ziroom_floor': item['ziroom_floor'],

'ziroom_label': item['ziroom_label'],

# 'ziroom_location': item['ziroom_location'],

'ziroom_name' :item['ziroom_name'],

'ziroom_price' : item['ziroom_price'],

'ziroom_type' : item['ziroom_type'],

'ziroom_traffic': item['ziroom_traffic'],

'rounding_info': item['rounding_info'],

'traffic_info': item['traffic_info'],

'ziroom_image': item['ziroom_image'],

}]

# 插入数据库集合中

self.collection.insert(homes)

log.msg('Item wrote to MongoDB database %s/%s' % (settings['MONGODB_DB'], settings['MONGODB_COLLECTION']),

level=log.DEBUG, spider=spider)

return item

编辑MongoDBpipelines，将获取的数据存入MongoDB数据库中

第四步编辑middlewares.py

在中间件中写入随机选取伪造请求头来防止spider被封掉

class RotateUserAgentMiddleware(UserAgentMiddleware):

def __int__(self, user_agent=''):

self.user_agent = user_agent

def process_request(self, request, spider):

# 这句话用于随机选择user-agent

ua = random.choice(self.user_agent_list)

if ua:

logging.info(ua)

request.headers.setdefault('User-Agent', ua)

# the default user_agent_list composes chrome,I E,firefox,Mozilla,opera,netscape

# for more user agent strings,you can find it in http://www.useragentstring.com/pages/useragentstring.php

user_agent_list = [

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1",

"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1",

"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3",

"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/531.21.8 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0.4 Safari/531.21.10",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.2; en-US) AppleWebKit/533.17.8 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.1 Safari/533.17.8",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/533.19.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Safari/533.18.5",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-GB; rv:1.9.1.17) Gecko/20110123 (like Firefox/3.x) SeaMonkey/2.0.12",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.2; rv:10.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/10.0.1 SeaMonkey/2.7.1",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_5_8; en-US) AppleWebKit/532.8 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/4.0.302.2 Safari/532.8",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_4; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/6.0.464.0 Safari/534.3",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_5; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/9.0.597.15 Safari/534.13",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_2) AppleWebKit/535.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/14.0.835.186 Safari/535.1",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8) AppleWebKit/535.2 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/15.0.874.54 Safari/535.2",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8) AppleWebKit/535.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/16.0.912.36 Safari/535.7",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Mac OS X Mach-O; en-US; rv:2.0a) Gecko/20040614 Firefox/3.0.0 ",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; PPC Mac OS X 10.5; en-US; rv:1.9.0.3) Gecko/2008092414 Firefox/3.0.3",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.5; en-US; rv:1.9.1) Gecko/20090624 Firefox/3.5",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; en-US; rv:1.9.2.14) Gecko/20110218 AlexaToolbar/alxf-2.0 Firefox/3.6.14",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; PPC Mac OS X 10.5; en-US; rv:1.9.2.15) Gecko/20110303 Firefox/3.6.15",

"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1"

]

第五步设置setting.py

这一步要修改配置了

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {

# 'ziru.middlewares.MyCustomDownloaderMiddleware': 543,

'ziru.middlewares.RotateUserAgentMiddleware':200,

'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware': 80,

# 'itjuzi_dis.middlewares.ProxyMiddleware': 90,

'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware': 100,

}

ITEM_PIPELINES = {

'ziru.pipelines.MongoDBPipeline': 300,

'scrapy_redis.pipelines.RedisPipeline': 400,

}

#使用Scrapy-Redis的调度器

SCHEDULER = "scrapy_redis.scheduler.Scheduler"

#利用Redis的集合实现去重

DUPEFILTER_CLASS = "scrapy_redis.dupefilter.RFPDupeFilter"

#允许继续爬取

SCHEDULER_PERSIST = True

#设置优先级

SCHEDULER_QUEUE_CLASS = 'scrapy_redis.queue.SpiderPriorityQueue'

REDIS_PARAMS = {'host': 'localhost', 'port': '6379'}

好了，所有的配置全部部署完了，现在来启动spider来爬取数据吧！！

scrapy crawl ziroom

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spider启动，它在等待我们的指令来爬取

打开redis-cli

[图片上传失败...(image-4757cf-1514026019034)]

我开了六个spider来爬取，电脑CPU有几个处理器就能开几个，我是8核，最多能开8个，接下来准备学习docker来部署spider

最后放一个爬虫集合，是我最近学习Python写的，喜欢的亲！给个Star呗！！！

SpiderList

陌路北巷

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