【测试目的】
1、了解直连路由、路由表、vlan虚接口、vlan间数据转发过程
【知识点】
1、直连路由
2、路由表
3、vlan虚接口
【实验拓扑】
三层交换机(多层交换机)MS0配置
interface Vlan1 //配置vlan虚接口
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Vlan2
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Vlan2
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
二层交换机S1和S2配置
interface FastEthernet0/1 //默认属于vlan 1
switchport mode trunk
!
interface FastEthernet0/2 //默认属于vlan 1
!
interface FastEthernet0/3
switchport access vlan 2
switchport mode trunk
!
interface FastEthernet0/2 //默认属于vlan 1
!
interface FastEthernet0/3
switchport access vlan 2
PC1和PC2的网关为:192.168.1.1/24
PC3和PC4的网关为:192.168.2.1/24
【过程跟踪1】
PC1 ----ping----> PC3
PC1上的ARP表:
注:上图中L3层的处理描述,第1点指的是查找路由表,发现IP包中的目的IP地址(192.168.2.2)属于网络192.168.2.0/24;
第2点指的是目的网络192.168.2.0/24直接与该路由器相连,并未经过其他路由器,从路由表的Metric也可看出。因此数据的下一投递站(next-hop)就是数据包中的目的IP地址站。
数据接着交给二层进行处理,二层根据IP查找arp,获得下一投递站的mac地址。
MS0的vlan信息:
Switch#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13 //无fa0/10
Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17
Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/21, Fa0/22 //无fa0/20
Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
2 VLAN0002 active //trunk模式时,不显示fa0/10和fa0/20???
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13 //无fa0/10
Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17
Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/21, Fa0/22 //无fa0/20
Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
2 VLAN0002 active //trunk模式时,不显示fa0/10和fa0/20???
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
疑问:根据上图第6点和下下个图,是否三层交换机MS0的fa0/10和fa0/20默认都是trunk模式?且同时都加入了vlan1和vlan2中?
上图中,S2上的PDU信息与S1相同。
MS0的MAC地址表:
Switch#show mac-address-table
Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports
---- ----------- -------- -----
1 0002.4a5c.4c12 DYNAMIC Fa0/10
1 000c.85bc.8d01 DYNAMIC Fa0/10
1 00d0.bc3c.cb01 DYNAMIC Fa0/20
2 000b.bebe.e619 DYNAMIC Fa0/10
2 00d0.bc3c.cb01 DYNAMIC Fa0/20
Switch#
Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports
---- ----------- -------- -----
1 0002.4a5c.4c12 DYNAMIC Fa0/10
1 000c.85bc.8d01 DYNAMIC Fa0/10
1 00d0.bc3c.cb01 DYNAMIC Fa0/20
2 000b.bebe.e619 DYNAMIC Fa0/10
2 00d0.bc3c.cb01 DYNAMIC Fa0/20
Switch#