监控Linux系统状态

查看系统负载:

w/uptime 最后面三个数字表示1分钟,5分钟,15分钟平均有多少个进程占用CPU 占用CPU的进程可以是Running,也可以是Waiting 某一时刻1颗CPU只能有一个进程在使用其资源

[root@feature1 ~]# w
 05:34:38 up 17:27,  2 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.02, 0.05
USER     TTY      FROM             LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT
root     pts/0    10.0.2.2         20:36    5:29m  0.19s  0.19s -bash
root     pts/1    10.0.2.2         20:39    6.00s  0.20s  0.04s w
[root@feature1 ~]# uptime
#                                            1分钟 5分钟 10分钟
 05:40:19 up 17:33,  2 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05

top命令:

top 回车就可以进入到top界面 每3秒刷新一次 默认按cpu百分比排序,可以按M键按照内存使用率大小排序 按数字1,可以显示所有CPU使用率详情

[root@feature1 ~]# top
# 按M 是按照内存来排序 默认是按照CPU排序的
# 按数字1 可以显示所有CPU使用率
top - 05:43:37 up 17:36,  2 users,  load average: 0.11, 0.04, 0.05
Tasks: 104 total,   1 running, 103 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  0.0 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.5 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
#       us用户级别进程 sy系统级别进程id 空闲的使用率
KiB Mem :  1857724 total,   894112 free,   357608 used,   606004 buff/cache
KiB Swap:  2097148 total,  2097148 free,        0 used.  1307968 avail Mem
#avail Mem 真正能使用的的内存
  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND
#                  VIRT虚拟内存  RES物理内存
 1400 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.5  0.0   0:43.99 xfsaild/dm-0
 7214 root      20   0  162016   2248   1560 R  0.5  0.1   0:00.03 top
    1 root      20   0  128172   6720   4176 S  0.0  0.4   0:02.98 systemd
    2 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.07 kthreadd
    3 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.84 ksoftirqd/0
    5 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
    6 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:01.30 kworker/u2:0
    7 root      rt   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 migration/0
    8 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 rcu_bh
    9 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:01.35 rcu_sched
   10 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 lru-add-drain
   11 root      rt   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.78 watchdog/0
   13 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kdevtmpfs
   14 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 netns
   15 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.02 khungtaskd
   16 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 writeback
   17 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kintegrityd
   18 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 bioset
   19 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 bioset
   20 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 bioset
   21 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kblockd
   22 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 md
   23 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 edac-poller
   24 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 watchdogd
   30 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kswapd0
   31 root      25   5       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 ksmd
   32 root      39  19       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.77 khugepaged
   33 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 crypto
   41 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kthrotld
   43 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kmpath_rdacd
   44 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kaluad
   45 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kpsmoused
   46 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 ipv6_addrconf
   60 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 deferwq
   91 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kauditd
  749 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 ata_sff
 1129 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_eh_0
 1132 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_tmf_0
 1135 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_eh_1
 1136 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_tmf_1

top -bn1 静态显示所有进程的情况,也是按cpu百分比排序 静态显示进程信息,方便在shell脚本中使用top命令

[root@feature1 ~]# top -bn1
top - 05:59:03 up 17:52,  2 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
Tasks: 104 total,   1 running, 103 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.0 us,  6.2 sy,  0.0 ni, 93.8 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
KiB Mem :  1857724 total,   894112 free,   357612 used,   606000 buff/cache
KiB Swap:  2097148 total,  2097148 free,        0 used.  1307968 avail Mem

  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND
    1 root      20   0  128172   6720   4176 S  0.0  0.4   0:02.98 systemd
    2 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.07 kthreadd
    3 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.84 ksoftirqd/0
    5 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
    6 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:01.31 kworker/u2:0
    7 root      rt   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 migration/0
    8 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 rcu_bh
    9 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:01.35 rcu_sched
   10 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 lru-add-drain
   11 root      rt   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.79 watchdog/0
   13 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kdevtmpfs
   14 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 netns
   15 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.02 khungtaskd
   16 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 writeback
   17 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kintegrityd
   18 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 bioset
   19 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 bioset
   20 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 bioset
   21 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kblockd
   22 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 md
   23 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 edac-poller
   24 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 watchdogd
   30 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kswapd0
   31 root      25   5       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 ksmd
   32 root      39  19       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.77 khugepaged
   33 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 crypto
   41 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kthrotld
   43 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kmpath_rdacd
   44 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kaluad
   45 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kpsmoused
   46 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 ipv6_addrconf
   60 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 deferwq
   91 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kauditd
  749 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 ata_sff
 1129 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_eh_0
 1132 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_tmf_0
 1135 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_eh_1
 1136 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_tmf_1
 1139 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_eh_2
 1141 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_tmf_2
 1145 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 ttm_swap
 1148 root     -51   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 irq/18-vmwgfx
 1285 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.92 kworker/0:1H
 1341 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kdmflush
 1342 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 bioset
 1357 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kdmflush
 1358 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 bioset
 1376 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 bioset
 1381 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfsalloc
 1386 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs_mru_cache
 1389 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-buf/dm-0
 1392 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-data/dm-0
 1395 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-conv/dm-0
 1396 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-cil/dm-0
 1397 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-reclaim/dm-
 1398 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-log/dm-0
 1399 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-eofblocks/d
 1400 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:44.73 xfsaild/dm-0
 1468 root      20   0   39076   2896   2560 S  0.0  0.2   0:00.56 systemd-journal
 1493 root      20   0  127348   4132   2620 S  0.0  0.2   0:00.43 lvmetad
 1499 root      20   0   47416   4796   2860 S  0.0  0.3   0:00.23 systemd-udevd
 2294 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-buf/sda1
 2300 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-data/sda1
 2304 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-conv/sda1
 2309 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-cil/sda1
 2314 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-reclaim/sda
 2320 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-log/sda1
 2326 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfs-eofblocks/s
 2332 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 xfsaild/sda1
 2680 root      16  -4   62044   1084    496 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.08 auditd
 2718 dbus      20   0   66460   2656   1896 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.80 dbus-daemon
 2720 chrony    20   0  117784   1816   1356 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.84 chronyd
 2727 polkitd   20   0  612996  14024   4980 S  0.0  0.8   0:00.23 polkitd
 2729 root      20   0   26376   1752   1448 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.25 systemd-logind
 2737 root      20   0  126284   1688   1056 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.57 crond
 2768 root      20   0  110092    860    728 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 agetty
 2772 root      20   0  362180  33428   7088 S  0.0  1.8   0:03.77 firewalld
 2774 root      20   0  473588   8460   6500 S  0.0  0.5   0:01.83 NetworkManager
 3254 root      20   0  573828  17092   6016 S  0.0  0.9   0:10.30 tuned
 3255 root      20   0  112756   4348   3320 S  0.0  0.2   0:00.06 sshd
 3257 root      20   0  222748   3852   3020 S  0.0  0.2   0:05.78 rsyslogd
 3301 root      20   0  115436   1752   1408 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.02 mysqld_safe
 3314 root      20   0  230472   6216   1068 S  0.0  0.3   0:15.31 php-fpm
 3330 php-fpm   20   0  230472   6352   1200 S  0.0  0.3   0:00.00 php-fpm
 3331 php-fpm   20   0  230472   6352   1200 S  0.0  0.3   0:00.00 php-fpm
 3495 mysql     20   0 1255340  89712  10796 S  0.0  4.8   0:34.49 mysqld
 3794 root      20   0   89544   2164   1124 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.38 master
 3796 postfix   20   0   89716   4096   3088 S  0.0  0.2   0:00.07 qmgr
 5732 root      20   0  113308    696    384 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 catalina.sh
 5733 root      20   0 2542548 140564  14732 S  0.0  7.6   1:44.50 java
 6320 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.03 kworker/u2:2
 6355 root      20   0  158744   5984   4628 S  0.0  0.3   0:01.82 sshd
 6360 root      20   0  115572   2200   1672 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.19 bash
 6403 root      20   0  158744   5988   4628 S  0.0  0.3   0:01.20 sshd
 6407 root      20   0  115572   2204   1672 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.17 bash
 6535 root      20   0  202492   1200    180 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.00 pure-ftpd
 6671 root      20   0   46452   1124      0 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.00 nginx
 6672 nginx     20   0   46944   2080    532 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.00 nginx
 7184 postfix   20   0   89648   4064   3068 S  0.0  0.2   0:00.01 pickup
 7207 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.89 kworker/0:1
 7216 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.01 kworker/0:3
 7217 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.08 kworker/0:0
 7218 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kworker/0:2
 7219 root      20   0  161880   2104   1536 R  0.0  0.1   0:00.00 top

查看CPU信息

[root@feature1 ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor       : 0
vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
cpu family      : 6
model           : 78
model name      : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-6200U CPU @ 2.30GHz
stepping        : 3
cpu MHz         : 2400.002
cache size      : 3072 KB
physical id     : 0
siblings        : 1
core id         : 0
cpu cores       : 1
apicid          : 0
initial apicid  : 0
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 22
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt aes xsave avx rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch fsgsbase avx2 invpcid rdseed clflushopt
bogomips        : 4800.00
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 39 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
[root@feature1 ~]# lscpu
Architecture:          x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                1
On-line CPU(s) list:   0
Thread(s) per core:    1
Core(s) per socket:    1
Socket(s):             1
NUMA node(s):          1
Vendor ID:             GenuineIntel
CPU family:            6
Model:                 78
Model name:            Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-6200U CPU @ 2.30GHz
Stepping:              3
CPU MHz:               2400.002
BogoMIPS:              4800.00
Hypervisor vendor:     KVM
Virtualization type:   full
L1d cache:             32K
L1i cache:             32K
L2 cache:              256K
L3 cache:              3072K
NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0
Flags:                 fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt aes xsave avx rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch fsgsbase avx2 invpcid rdseed clflushopt

free命令:

free查看内存和swap使用情况,关注最后一列的available,这个数字是真正剩余的物理内存大小

[root@feature1 ~]# free
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:        1857724      357240      894228        8804      606256     1308324
Swap:       2097148           0     2097148
[root@feature1 ~]# free -k -m -g -h
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           1.8G        348M        873M        8.6M        592M        1.2G
Swap:          2.0G          0B        2.0G

手动增加swap


[root@feature1 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/bigfile bs=1M count=1000
1000+0 records in
1000+0 records out
1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB) copied, 3.54063 s, 296 MB/s
[root@feature1 ~]# mkswap /bigfile
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 1023996 KiB
no label, UUID=1e79c4bf-b46e-4cba-a98e-8c67a85f23a2
[root@feature1 ~]# chmod 600 /bigfile
[root@feature1 ~]# swapon /bigfile

监控磁盘:

iostat --> yum install -y sysstat

[root@feature1 ~]# iostat
Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 (feature1)  02/20/2019      _x86_64_        (1 CPU)

avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle
           0.31    0.00    0.11    0.01    0.00   99.57

Device:            tps    kB_read/s    kB_wrtn/s    kB_read    kB_wrtn
sda               0.42         6.33        20.60     423804    1379855
dm-0              0.41         5.85        20.57     391506    1377758
dm-1              0.00         0.04         0.00       2460          8
iostat  -dx 1
iostat  -dx 1 5
  • iotop --> yum install -y iotop iotop 回车
[root@feature1 ~]# iotop

Total DISK READ :       0.00 B/s | Total DISK WRITE :       0.00 B/s
Actual DISK READ:       0.00 B/s | Actual DISK WRITE:       0.00 B/s
  TID  PRIO  USER     DISK READ  DISK WRITE  SWAPIN     IO>    COMMAND
    1 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % systemd -~rialize 22
    2 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [kthreadd]
    3 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [ksoftirqd/0]
    5 be/0 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [kworker/0:0H]
    6 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [kworker/u2:0]
    7 rt/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [migration/0]
    8 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [rcu_bh]
    9 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [rcu_sched]
   10 be/0 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [lru-add-drain]
   11 rt/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [watchdog/0]
   13 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [kdevtmpfs]
   14 be/0 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [netns]
   15 be/4 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [khungtaskd]
   16 be/0 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [writeback]
   17 be/0 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [kintegrityd]
   18 be/0 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [bioset]
   19 be/0 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [bioset]
   20 be/0 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [bioset]
   21 be/0 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [kblockd]
   22 be/0 root        0.00 B/s    0.00 B/s  0.00 %  0.00 % [md]

动态显示,按IO使用率大小排序

综合工具,断定瓶颈点:

vmstat 1 vmstat 1 10

[root@feature1 ~]# vmstat 1 10
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu-----
 r  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in   cs us sy id wa st
 2  0      8 157280    164 1341924    0    0     6    20   51  127  0  0 100  0  0
 0  0      8 157256    164 1341924    0    0     0     0   56  129  1  0 99  0  0
 0  0      8 157256    164 1341924    0    0     0     0   46  121  0  0 100  0  0
 0  0      8 157256    164 1341924    0    0     0     1   50  134  0  0 100  0  0
 0  0      8 157256    164 1341924    0    0     0     0   47  130  0  0 100  0  0
 0  0      8 157256    164 1341924    0    0     0     0   41  116  0  0 100  0  0
 0  0      8 157256    164 1341924    0    0     0     0   42  117  0  1 99  0  0
 0  0      8 157256    164 1341924    0    0     0     0   41  118  0  0 100  0  0
 0  0      8 157256    164 1341924    0    0     0     0   37  114  0  0 100  0  0
 0  0      8 157256    164 1341924    0    0     0     0   40  121  0  1 99  0  0

关注:r、b、si、so、bi、bo、id、wa

# si= swap in ==从swap出来进入到内存里

监控网卡流量:

bit比特 (带宽单位)Byte字节(速度传输单位) 100Mb带宽 Mbit MByte 9bit-1Byte 2MB/s 2*8=16Mbit 100Mbit=12.8MB/s

sar -n DEV 1 10

[root@feature1 ~]# sar -n DEV 1 10
Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 (feature1)  02/20/2019      _x86_64_        (1 CPU)

07:47:54 AM     IFACE   rxpck/s   txpck/s    rxkB/s    txkB/s   rxcmp/s   txcmp/s  rxmcst/s
07:47:55 AM    enp0s3      1.00      1.00      0.06      0.18      0.00      0.00      0.00
07:47:55 AM        lo      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00

07:47:55 AM     IFACE   rxpck/s   txpck/s    rxkB/s    txkB/s   rxcmp/s   txcmp/s  rxmcst/s
07:47:56 AM    enp0s3      0.99      0.99      0.06      0.38      0.00      0.00      0.00
07:47:56 AM        lo      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00

07:47:56 AM     IFACE   rxpck/s   txpck/s    rxkB/s    txkB/s   rxcmp/s   txcmp/s  rxmcst/s
07:47:57 AM    enp0s3      1.02      1.02      0.06      0.39      0.00      0.00      0.00
07:47:57 AM        lo      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00

07:47:57 AM     IFACE   rxpck/s   txpck/s    rxkB/s    txkB/s   rxcmp/s   txcmp/s  rxmcst/s
07:47:58 AM    enp0s3      1.01      1.01      0.06      0.38      0.00      0.00      0.00
07:47:58 AM        lo      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00

07:47:58 AM     IFACE   rxpck/s   txpck/s    rxkB/s    txkB/s   rxcmp/s   txcmp/s  rxmcst/s
07:47:59 AM    enp0s3      1.00      1.00      0.06      0.38      0.00      0.00      0.00
07:47:59 AM        lo      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00

07:47:59 AM     IFACE   rxpck/s   txpck/s    rxkB/s    txkB/s   rxcmp/s   txcmp/s  rxmcst/s
07:48:00 AM    enp0s3      1.01      1.01      0.06      0.38      0.00      0.00      0.00
07:48:00 AM        lo      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00

07:48:00 AM     IFACE   rxpck/s   txpck/s    rxkB/s    txkB/s   rxcmp/s   txcmp/s  rxmcst/s
07:48:01 AM    enp0s3      1.00      1.00      0.06      0.38      0.00      0.00      0.00
07:48:01 AM        lo      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00

07:48:01 AM     IFACE   rxpck/s   txpck/s    rxkB/s    txkB/s   rxcmp/s   txcmp/s  rxmcst/s
07:48:02 AM    enp0s3      1.02      1.02      0.06      0.39      0.00      0.00      0.00
07:48:02 AM        lo      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00

07:48:02 AM     IFACE   rxpck/s   txpck/s    rxkB/s    txkB/s   rxcmp/s   txcmp/s  rxmcst/s
07:48:03 AM    enp0s3      1.00      1.00      0.06      0.38      0.00      0.00      0.00
07:48:03 AM        lo      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00

07:48:03 AM     IFACE   rxpck/s   txpck/s    rxkB/s    txkB/s   rxcmp/s   txcmp/s  rxmcst/s
07:48:04 AM    enp0s3      1.01      1.01      0.06      0.38      0.00      0.00      0.00
07:48:04 AM        lo      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00

Average:        IFACE   rxpck/s   txpck/s    rxkB/s    txkB/s   rxcmp/s   txcmp/s  rxmcst/s
Average:       enp0s3      1.01      1.01      0.06      0.36      0.00      0.00      0.00
Average:           lo      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00      0.00
[root@feature1 ~]# sar -f /var/log/sa/sa20
Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 (feature1)  02/20/2019      _x86_64_        (1 CPU)

06:50:02 AM     CPU     %user     %nice   %system   %iowait    %steal     %idle
07:00:01 AM     all      0.64      0.00      0.21      0.02      0.00     99.13
07:10:01 AM     all      0.03      0.00      0.07      0.00      0.00     99.89
07:20:01 AM     all      0.02      0.00      0.06      0.00      0.00     99.91
07:30:01 AM     all      0.03      0.00      0.08      0.00      0.00     99.89
07:40:01 AM     all      0.07      0.00      0.11      0.00      0.00     99.82
07:50:02 AM     all      0.37      0.00      0.23      0.00      0.00     99.40
Average:        all      0.19      0.00      0.13      0.01      0.00     99.67
#查看磁盘的读写
[root@feature1 ~]# sar -b
Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 (feature1)  02/20/2019      _x86_64_        (1 CPU)

06:50:02 AM       tps      rtps      wtps   bread/s   bwrtn/s
07:00:01 AM      0.73      0.08      0.65      8.69     12.08
07:10:01 AM      0.20      0.02      0.18      0.46      1.92
07:20:01 AM      0.13      0.00      0.13      0.00      1.25
07:30:01 AM      0.14      0.00      0.14      0.00      1.28
07:40:01 AM      0.16      0.00      0.16      0.00      1.60
07:50:02 AM      0.26      0.00      0.26      0.00      3.19
Average:         0.27      0.02      0.25      1.52      3.55
# 查看历史系统的负载
[root@feature1 ~]# sar -q
Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 (feature1)  02/20/2019      _x86_64_        (1 CPU)

06:50:02 AM   runq-sz  plist-sz   ldavg-1   ldavg-5  ldavg-15   blocked
07:00:01 AM         1       190      0.00      0.01      0.05         0
07:10:01 AM         3       190      0.00      0.01      0.05         0
07:20:01 AM         1       191      0.01      0.03      0.05         0
07:30:01 AM         3       191      0.00      0.01      0.05         0
07:40:01 AM         2       190      0.00      0.01      0.05         0
07:50:02 AM         1       190      0.04      0.03      0.05         0
Average:            2       190      0.01      0.02      0.05         0
yum install -y epel-release
yum install nload

nload 回车后查看网卡流量,动态显示

Device enp0s3 [10.0.2.20] (1/2):
=============================================================================================================
Incoming:





                                                                          Curr: 920.00 Bit/s
                                                                          Avg: 1.24 kBit/s
                                                                          Min: 912.00 Bit/s
                                                                          Max: 2.98 kBit/s
                                                                          Ttl: 24.17 MByte
Outgoing:





                                                                          Curr: 8.00 kBit/s
                                                                          Avg: 8.07 kBit/s
                                                                          Min: 4.04 kBit/s
                                                                          Max: 8.85 kBit/s
                                                                          Ttl: 4.50 MByte
# 查看网卡信息
[root@feature1 ~]# ethtool enp0s3
Settings for enp0s3:
        Supported ports: [ TP ]
        Supported link modes:   10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
                                100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
                                1000baseT/Full
        Supported pause frame use: No
        Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
        Supported FEC modes: Not reported
        Advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
                                100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
                                1000baseT/Full
        Advertised pause frame use: No
        Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
        Advertised FEC modes: Not reported
        Speed: 1000Mb/s
        Duplex: Full
        Port: Twisted Pair
        PHYAD: 0
        Transceiver: internal
        Auto-negotiation: on
        MDI-X: off (auto)
        Supports Wake-on: umbg
        Wake-on: d
        Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
                               drv probe link
        Link detected: yes
#查看网卡是否在连接状态
[root@feature1 ~]# mii-tool enp0s3
enp0s3: no autonegotiation, 1000baseT-FD flow-control, link ok

查看进程:

ps  aux  、 ps -elf  、 ps -eLf (查看线程)

STAT 
    S Sleep 
    R Running
    s 父进程
    N 低优先级
    < 高优先级
    + 前台进程
    l 多线程进程
    Z 僵尸进程
#STAT 运行状体 S休眠状态 R 运行状态 S<高优先级进程 Ss 表示副进程 l多进程
[root@feature1 ~]# ps aux
USER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root         1  0.0  0.3 128172  6740 ?        Ss   Feb19   0:03 /usr/lib/system
root         2  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [kthreadd]
root         3  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:01 [ksoftirqd/0]
root         5  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [kworker/0:0H]
root         6  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:01 [kworker/u2:0]
root         7  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [migration/0]
root         8  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [rcu_bh]
root         9  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        R    Feb19   0:01 [rcu_sched]
root        10  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [lru-add-drain]
root        11  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [watchdog/0]
root        13  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [kdevtmpfs]
root        14  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [netns]
root        15  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [khungtaskd]
root        16  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [writeback]
root        17  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [kintegrityd]
root        18  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [bioset]
root        19  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [bioset]
root        20  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [bioset]
root        21  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [kblockd]
root        22  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [md]
root        23  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [edac-poller]
root        24  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [watchdogd]
root        30  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [kswapd0]
root        31  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        SN   Feb19   0:00 [ksmd]
root        32  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        SN   Feb19   0:00 [khugepaged]
root        33  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [crypto]
root        41  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [kthrotld]
root        43  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [kmpath_rdacd]
root        44  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [kaluad]
root        45  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [kpsmoused]
root        46  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [ipv6_addrconf]
root        60  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [deferwq]
root        91  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [kauditd]
root       749  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [ata_sff]
root      1129  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [scsi_eh_0]
root      1132  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [scsi_tmf_0]
root      1135  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [scsi_eh_1]
root      1136  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [scsi_tmf_1]
root      1139  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [scsi_eh_2]
root      1141  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [scsi_tmf_2]
root      1145  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [ttm_swap]
root      1148  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [irq/18-vmwgfx]
root      1285  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:01 [kworker/0:1H]
root      1341  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [kdmflush]
root      1342  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [bioset]
root      1357  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [kdmflush]
root      1358  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [bioset]
root      1376  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [bioset]
root      1381  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfsalloc]
root      1386  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs_mru_cache]
root      1389  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-buf/dm-0]
root      1392  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-data/dm-0]
root      1395  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-conv/dm-0]
root      1396  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-cil/dm-0]
root      1397  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-reclaim/dm
root      1398  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-log/dm-0]
root      1399  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/
root      1400  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:52 [xfsaild/dm-0]
root      1468  0.0  0.1  39076  2944 ?        Ss   Feb19   0:00 /usr/lib/system
root      1493  0.0  0.2 127348  4132 ?        Ss   Feb19   0:00 /usr/sbin/lvmet
root      1499  0.0  0.2  47416  4796 ?        Ss   Feb19   0:00 /usr/lib/system
root      2294  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-buf/sda1]
root      2300  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-data/sda1]
root      2304  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-conv/sda1]
root      2309  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-cil/sda1]
root      2314  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-reclaim/sd
root      2320  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-log/sda1]
root      2326  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S<   Feb19   0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/
root      2332  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [xfsaild/sda1]
root      2680  0.0  0.0  62044  1084 ?        S<sl Feb19   0:00 /sbin/auditd
dbus      2718  0.0  0.1  66460  2656 ?        Ssl  Feb19   0:01 /usr/bin/dbus-d
chrony    2720  0.0  0.0 117784  1816 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 /usr/sbin/chron
polkitd   2727  0.0  0.7 612996 14024 ?        Ssl  Feb19   0:00 /usr/lib/polkit
root      2729  0.0  0.0  26376  1800 ?        Ss   Feb19   0:00 /usr/lib/system
root      2737  0.0  0.0 126316  1724 ?        Ss   Feb19   0:00 /usr/sbin/crond
root      2768  0.0  0.0 110092   860 tty1     Ss+  Feb19   0:00 /sbin/agetty --
root      2772  0.0  1.7 362180 33428 ?        Ssl  Feb19   0:03 /usr/bin/python
root      2774  0.0  0.4 473588  8460 ?        Ssl  Feb19   0:02 /usr/sbin/Netwo
root      3254  0.0  0.9 573828 17092 ?        Ssl  Feb19   0:11 /usr/bin/python
root      3255  0.0  0.2 112756  4348 ?        Ss   Feb19   0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd
root      3257  0.0  0.2 222748  3896 ?        Ssl  Feb19   0:06 /usr/sbin/rsysl
root      3301  0.0  0.0 115436  1752 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/lo
root      3314  0.0  0.3 230472  5896 ?        Ss   Feb19   0:17 php-fpm: master
php-fpm   3330  0.0  0.3 230472  6032 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 php-fpm: pool b
php-fpm   3331  0.0  0.3 230472  6032 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 php-fpm: pool b
mysql     3495  0.0  4.8 1255340 89712 ?       Sl   Feb19   0:39 /usr/local/mysq
root      3794  0.0  0.1  89544  2164 ?        Ss   Feb19   0:00 /usr/libexec/po
postfix   3796  0.0  0.2  89716  4096 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 qmgr -l -t unix
root      5732  0.0  0.0 113308   696 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/lo
root      5733  0.1  7.5 2542548 140564 ?      Sl   Feb19   1:58 /usr/bin/java -
root      6320  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 [kworker/u2:2]
root      6355  0.0  0.3 158744  5984 ?        Ss   Feb19   0:03 sshd: root@pts/
root      6360  0.0  0.1 115572  2200 pts/0    Ss   Feb19   0:00 -bash
root      6403  0.0  0.3 158744  5988 ?        Ss   Feb19   0:02 sshd: root@pts/
root      6407  0.0  0.1 115572  2224 pts/1    Ss   Feb19   0:00 -bash
root      6535  0.0  0.0 202492  1200 ?        Ss   Feb19   0:00 pure-ftpd (SERV
root      6671  0.0  0.0  46452  1124 ?        Ss   Feb19   0:00 nginx: master p
nginx     6672  0.0  0.1  46944  2308 ?        S    Feb19   0:00 nginx: worker p
root      7545  0.9  0.1  21836  2000 pts/0    S+   08:02   0:06 nload
root      7546  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        R    08:03   0:00 [kworker/0:0]
root      7592  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    08:06   0:00 [kworker/0:2]
postfix   7594  0.0  0.2  89648  4064 ?        S    08:08   0:00 pickup -l -t un
root      7601  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    08:11   0:00 [kworker/0:1]
root      7602  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    08:12   0:00 [kworker/0:3]
root      7603  0.0  0.1 155360  1880 pts/1    R+   08:14   0:00 ps aux

ls -l /proc/pid/  #查看一个进程的一些详细信息

查看网络连接状况:

netstat -lnp 、netstat -lntp 、 netstat -lntup
netstat -an 
ss -an

[root@feature1 ~]# netstat -lnp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      6671/nginx: master
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:21              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      6535/pure-ftpd (SER
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3255/sshd
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3794/master
tcp6       0      0 :::8009                 :::*                    LISTEN      5733/java
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      3495/mysqld
tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN      5733/java
tcp6       0      0 :::21                   :::*                    LISTEN      6535/pure-ftpd (SER
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      3255/sshd
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      3794/master
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:8005          :::*                    LISTEN      5733/java
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:323           0.0.0.0:*                           2720/chronyd
udp6       0      0 ::1:323                 :::*                                2720/chronyd
raw6       0      0 :::58                   :::*                    7           2774/NetworkManager
Active UNIX domain sockets (only servers)
Proto RefCnt Flags       Type       State         I-Node   PID/Program name     Path
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     7470     1/systemd            /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     15167    1/systemd            /run/lvm/lvmetad.socket
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25449    3794/master          public/flush
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25431    3794/master          private/tlsmgr
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25434    3794/master          private/rewrite
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25437    3794/master          private/bounce
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25427    3794/master          public/qmgr
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25440    3794/master          private/defer
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25443    3794/master          private/trace
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25446    3794/master          private/verify
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25452    3794/master          private/proxymap
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25455    3794/master          private/proxywrite
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25458    3794/master          private/smtp
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25461    3794/master          private/relay
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25467    3794/master          private/error
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25470    3794/master          private/retry
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     14944    1/systemd            /run/systemd/private
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25473    3794/master          private/discard
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25476    3794/master          private/local
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25479    3794/master          private/virtual
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25482    3794/master          private/lmtp
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     24616    3314/php-fpm: maste  /tmp/blog.socket
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25485    3794/master          private/anvil
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25488    3794/master          private/scache
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25182    3495/mysqld          /tmp/mysql.sock
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25464    3794/master          public/showq
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     20594    1/systemd            /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix  2      [ ACC ]     SEQPACKET  LISTENING     14991    1/systemd            /run/udev/control
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     15274    1/systemd            /run/lvm/lvmpolld.socket
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25420    3794/master          public/pickup
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     25424    3794/master          public/cleanup

[root@feature1 ~]# ss -an
Netid  State      Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port
nl     UNCONN     0      0         0:2774                   *
nl     UNCONN     0      0         0:0                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0         0:2774                   *
nl     UNCONN     4352   0         4:8263                   *
nl     UNCONN     768    0         4:0                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0         6:0                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0         7:1                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0         7:2718                   *
nl     UNCONN     0      0         7:0                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0         7:2718                   *
nl     UNCONN     0      0         7:1                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0         9:1                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0         9:2680                   *
nl     UNCONN     0      0         9:0                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        10:0                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        11:0                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        12:0                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:-4120                  *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:1499                   *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:-4107                  *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:2729                   *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:1                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:2774                   *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:-4117                  *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:3254                   *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:-4118                  *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:0                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:-4119                  *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:3254                   *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:-4120                  *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:2774                   *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:-4119                  *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:-4118                  *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:-4117                  *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:2729                   *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:-4107                  *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        15:1                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        16:0                      *
nl     UNCONN     0      0        18:0                      *
p_dgr  UNCONN     0      0       arp:enp0s3                 *
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0      /run/systemd/notify 7453                  * 0   
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0      /run/systemd/cgroups-agent 7455                  * 0
u_str  LISTEN     0      128    /run/systemd/journal/stdout 7470                  * 0
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0      /run/systemd/journal/socket 7473                  * 0
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0      /dev/log 7475                  * 0              
u_str  LISTEN     0      128    /run/lvm/lvmetad.socket 15167                 * 0
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    public/flush 25449                 * 0          
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/tlsmgr 25431                 * 0        
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/rewrite 25434                 * 0       
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/bounce 25437                 * 0        
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    public/qmgr 25427                 * 0           
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/defer 25440                 * 0         
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/trace 25443                 * 0         
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/verify 25446                 * 0        
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/proxymap 25452                 * 0      
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/proxywrite 25455                 * 0    
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/smtp 25458                 * 0          
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/relay 25461                 * 0         
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/error 25467                 * 0         
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/retry 25470                 * 0         
u_str  LISTEN     0      128    /run/systemd/private 14944                 * 0  
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/discard 25473                 * 0       
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/local 25476                 * 0         
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/virtual 25479                 * 0       
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/lmtp 25482                 * 0          
u_str  LISTEN     0      128    /tmp/blog.socket 24616                 * 0      
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/anvil 25485                 * 0         
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    private/scache 25488                 * 0        
u_str  LISTEN     0      80     /tmp/mysql.sock 25182                 * 0       
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    public/showq 25464                 * 0          
u_str  LISTEN     0      128    /run/dbus/system_bus_socket 20594                 * 0
u_seq  LISTEN     0      128    /run/udev/control 14991                 * 0     
u_str  LISTEN     0      128    /run/lvm/lvmpolld.socket 15274                 * 0
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    public/pickup 25420                 * 0         
u_str  LISTEN     0      100    public/cleanup 25424                 * 0        
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0      /run/systemd/shutdownd 15334                 * 0
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0      /var/run/chrony/chronyd.sock 20732                 * 0
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 24352                 * 7475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25418                 * 25419
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 53564                 * 7475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25419                 * 25418
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 25393                 * 7475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25421                 * 25422
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 30767                 * 0
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 20716                 * 7475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25460                 * 25459
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 15765                 * 15766
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25490                 * 25489
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25459                 * 25460
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25489                 * 25490
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 21711                 * 21712
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25457                 * 25456
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 20659                 * 20660
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/systemd/journal/stdout 20660                 * 20659
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25463                 * 25462
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25425                 * 25426
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/dbus/system_bus_socket 21712                 * 21711
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 41296                 * 7473
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25462                 * 25463
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 15943                 * 7473
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 36532                 * 7475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/systemd/journal/stdout 15766                 * 15765
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 21785                 * 7475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 37952                 * 37953
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 21113                 * 7473
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25444                 * 25445
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 21347                 * 21348
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/dbus/system_bus_socket 25209                 * 25208
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 25581                 * 7475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25442                 * 25441
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25208                 * 25209
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25441                 * 25442
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/systemd/journal/stdout 21348                 * 21347
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25422                 * 25421
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25448                 * 25447
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 52316                 * 7475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25447                 * 25448
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25445                 * 25444
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/dbus/system_bus_socket 21140                 * 21127
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 21127                 * 21140
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 20755                 * 20756
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 30788                 * 0
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25454                 * 25453
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25478                 * 25477
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/dbus/system_bus_socket 22453                 * 22452
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25453                 * 25454
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25477                 * 25478
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 37953                 * 37952
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25456                 * 25457
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 20756                 * 20755
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25475                 * 25474
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25450                 * 25451
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25474                 * 25475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 24615                 * 24614
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 21372                 * 21373
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25432                 * 25433
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25472                 * 25471
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 24614                 * 24615
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 22452                 * 22453
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25451                 * 25450
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 15922                 * 15923
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25428                 * 25429
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 35561                 * 7475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 21594                 * 21595
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/systemd/journal/stdout 23918                 * 23917
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/systemd/journal/stdout 24043                 * 24042
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/dbus/system_bus_socket 21595                 * 21594
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 21686                 * 7475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25426                 * 25425
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 23917                 * 23918
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/systemd/journal/stdout 15923                 * 15922
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 21379                 * 7475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/systemd/journal/stdout 21657                 * 21656
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 24042                 * 24043
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 20987                 * 20988
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 35146                 * 7475
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 21531                 * 7475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25469                 * 25468
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 20353                 * 7475
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25433                 * 25432
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 16030                 * 16029
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25468                 * 25469
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 20362                 * 20363
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25484                 * 25483
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25471                 * 25472
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/dbus/system_bus_socket 21373                 * 21372
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25487                 * 25486
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 16029                 * 16030
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25486                 * 25487
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25429                 * 25428
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25435                 * 25436
u_dgr  UNCONN     0      0         * 15213                 * 7453
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25466                 * 25465
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 21656                 * 21657
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 20363                 * 20362
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25481                 * 25480
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25436                 * 25435
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/systemd/journal/stdout 20988                 * 20987
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25465                 * 25466
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25480                 * 25481
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 20615                 * 20757
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25483                 * 25484
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25438                 * 25439
u_str  ESTAB      0      0      /run/dbus/system_bus_socket 20757                 * 20615
u_str  ESTAB      0      0         * 25439                 * 25438
raw    UNCONN     0      0        :::58                   :::*
udp    UNCONN     0      0      127.0.0.1:323                   *:*             
udp    UNCONN     0      0       ::1:323                  :::*
tcp    LISTEN     0      128       *:80                    *:*
tcp    LISTEN     0      9         *:21                    *:*
tcp    LISTEN     0      128       *:22                    *:*
tcp    LISTEN     0      100    127.0.0.1:25                    *:*             
tcp    ESTAB      0      0      10.0.2.20:22                 10.0.2.2:52746     
tcp    ESTAB      0      0      10.0.2.20:22                 10.0.2.2:55777     
tcp    ESTAB      0      0      10.0.2.20:22                 10.0.2.2:52842     
tcp    LISTEN     0      100      :::8009                 :::*
tcp    LISTEN     0      80       :::3306                 :::*
tcp    LISTEN     0      100      :::8080                 :::*
tcp    LISTEN     0      9        :::21                   :::*
tcp    LISTEN     0      128      :::22                   :::*
tcp    LISTEN     0      100     ::1:25                   :::*
tcp    LISTEN     0      1      ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005                 :::* 

抓包工具:

tcpdump (安装:yum install -y tcpdump)
tcpdump -nn -i ens33 port 80
tcpdump -nn -i ens33 -c 100 -w 1.cap
tcpdump -i ens33  -nn not port 22 and not port 80 and not host 192.168.222.1
 tcpdump -nn -r 1.cap
[root@feature1 network-scripts]# tcpdump -nn -i enp0s3 port 80
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on enp0s3, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
13:57:27.294232 IP 10.0.2.20.33658 > 216.176.179.218.80: Flags [F.], seq 3577923689, ack 2188051152, win 32560, length 0
13:57:27.294534 IP 216.176.179.218.80 > 10.0.2.20.33658: Flags [R], seq 2188051152, win 0, length 0
13:57:33.565726 IP 10.0.2.20.33580 > 95.211.80.227.80: Flags [F.], seq 326927456, ack 2189460675, win 36712, length 0
13:57:33.566909 IP 95.211.80.227.80 > 10.0.2.20.33580: Flags [R], seq 2189460675, win 0, length 0

wireshark  (安装:yum install -y wireshark)
tshark -i ens33  -n -t a -R http.request -T fields -e "frame.time" -e "ip.src" -e "http.host" -e "http.request.method" -e "http.request.uri"

补充:

查看cpu核数

cat /proc/cpuinfo lscpu buffer和cached

buffer : 这部分内存是从CPU产生即将写入到磁盘里去的那部分数据;
cached 这部分数据是先从磁盘里读出来,然 后临时存到内存里的那部分数据, 小常识:

bit 比特(带宽单位) Byte 字节 (速度传输单位) 8bit = 1Byte 2MB/s 2*8=16Mbit 100Mbit 12.8MB/s

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/4066680/blog/3014495

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