SICP 2.56 2.57 2.58

为什么80%的码农都做不了架构师？>>>   

2.56

(define (exponentiation? x)
  (and (pair? x) (eq? (car x) '**)))

(define (base x)
  (cadr x))

(define (exponent x)
  (caddr x))

(define (make-exponentiation a b)
  (cond ((= b 0) 1)
        ((= b 1) a)
        (else (list '** a b))))

(define (deriv exp var)
  (cond ((number? exp) 0)
        ((variable? exp)
         (if (same-variable? exp var) 1 0))
        ((sum? exp)
         (make-sum (deriv (addend exp) var)
                   (deriv (augend exp) var)))
        ((product? exp)
         (make-sum
           (make-product (multiplier exp)
                         (deriv (multiplicand exp) var))
           (make-product (deriv (multiplier exp) var)
                         (multiplicand exp))))
        ((exponentiation? exp)
         (make-product (exponent exp)
                       (make-product (make-exponentiation (base exp) (- (exponent exp) 1))
                                     (deriv (base exp) var))))
        (else
         (error "unknown expression type -- DERIV" exp))))

2.57

make-sum和make-product也可以优化

(define (augend s)
  (if (= (length s) 3)
      (caddr s)
      (cons '+ (cddr s))))

(define (multiplicand p)
  (if (= (length p) 3)
      (caddr p)
      (cons '* (cddr p))))

(define (make-sum a1 a2)
  (cond ((=number? a1 0) a2)
        ((=number? a2 0) a1)
        ((and (number? a1) (number? a2)) (+ a1 a2))
        ((and (sum? a1) (sum? a2)) (cons '+ (append (cdr a1) (cdr a2))))
        ((and (sum? a1) (number-or-variable? a2)) (append a1 (list a2)))
        ((and (number-or-variable? a1) (sum? a2)) (cons '+ (cons a1 (cdr a2))))
        (else (list '+ a1 a2))))

(define (make-product m1 m2)
  (cond ((or (=number? m1 0) (=number? m2 0)) 0)
        ((=number? m1 1) m2)
        ((=number? m2 1) m1)
        ((and (number? m1) (number? m2)) (* m1 m2))
        ((and (sum? m1) (sum? m2)) (cons '+ (append (cdr m1) (cdr m2))))
        ((and (sum? m1) (number-or-variable? m2)) (append m1 (list m2)))
        ((and (number-or-variable? m1) (sum? m2)) (cons '+ (cons m1 (cdr m2))))
        (else (list '* m1 m2))))

2.58

(define (sum? x)
  (and (pair? x) (eq? (cadr x) '+)))

(define (addend s) (car s))

(define (product? x)
  (and (pair? x) (eq? (cadr x) '*)))

(define (multiplier p) (car p))

(define (make-sum a1 a2)
  (cond ((=number? a1 0) a2)
        ((=number? a2 0) a1)
        ((and (number? a1) (number? a2)) (+ a1 a2))
        (else (list a1 '+ a2))))

(define (make-product m1 m2)
  (cond ((or (=number? m1 0) (=number? m2 0)) 0)
        ((=number? m1 1) m2)
        ((=number? m2 1) m1)
        ((and (number? m1) (number? m2)) (* m1 m2))
        (else (list m1 '* m2))))

 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/guzhou/blog/914570