C#启动一个外部程序(3)-CreateProcess

今天还是继续说说C#调用系统Api启动外部程序的方法，今天要说的是CreateProcess这个Api函数，相比前两篇文章( 一、 二)中所说的Api，CreateProcess参数要更复杂一些，但使用起来，要更灵活。
1.

using  System.Runtime.InteropServices;

2. CreateProcess中用到了几个结构体类型，先声明他们：

        [System.Runtime.InteropServices.StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
         public   class  SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
        {
             public   int  nLength;
             public   string  lpSecurityDescriptor;
             public   bool  bInheritHandle;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
         public   struct  STARTUPINFO
        {
             public   int  cb;
             public   string  lpReserved;
             public   string  lpDesktop;
             public   int  lpTitle;
             public   int  dwX;
             public   int  dwY;
             public   int  dwXSize;
             public   int  dwYSize;
             public   int  dwXCountChars;
             public   int  dwYCountChars;
             public   int  dwFillAttribute;
             public   int  dwFlags;
             public   int  wShowWindow;
             public   int  cbReserved2;
             public   byte  lpReserved2;
             public  IntPtr hStdInput;
             public  IntPtr hStdOutput;
             public  IntPtr hStdError;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
         public   struct  PROCESS_INFORMATION
        {
             public  IntPtr hProcess;
             public  IntPtr hThread;
             public   int  dwProcessId;
             public   int  dwThreadId;
        }

3. 声明CreateProcess

        [DllImport( " Kernel32.dll " , CharSet  =  CharSet.Ansi)]
         public   static   extern   bool  CreateProcess(
            StringBuilder lpApplicationName, StringBuilder lpCommandLine,
            SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpProcessAttributes,
            SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes,
             bool  bInheritHandles,
             int  dwCreationFlags,
            StringBuilder lpEnvironment,
            StringBuilder lpCurrentDirectory,
             ref  STARTUPINFO lpStartupInfo,
             ref  PROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInformation
            );

4. 下边这三个也是Api，作用看注释

        #region Win32 Api : WaitForSingleObject
        //检测一个系统核心对象(线程，事件，信号)的信号状态，当对象执行时间超过dwMilliseconds就返回，否则就一直等待对象返回信号
        [DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]
        public static extern uint WaitForSingleObject(System.IntPtr hHandle, uint dwMilliseconds);

        #endregion

        #region Win32 Api : CloseHandle
        //关闭一个内核对象,释放对象占有的系统资源。其中包括文件、文件映射、进程、线程、安全和同步对象等
        [DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]
        public static extern bool CloseHandle(System.IntPtr hObject);

        #endregion       

        #region Win32 Api : GetExitCodeProcess
        //获取一个已中断进程的退出代码,非零表示成功，零表示失败。
        //参数hProcess，想获取退出代码的一个进程的句柄，参数lpExitCode，用于装载进程退出代码的一个长整数变量。
        [DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]
        static extern bool GetExitCodeProcess(System.IntPtr hProcess, ref uint lpExitCode);

        #endregion

5. 如果示例中argm指定的程序执行时间很长，进程会被阻塞到WaitForSingleObject行处，直到命令执行完毕或进程被中止才继续执行后边的语句。

             string  argm  =   " cmd.exe " ;

            STARTUPINFO sInfo  =   new  STARTUPINFO();
            PROCESS_INFORMATION pInfo  =   new  PROCESS_INFORMATION();

             if  ( ! CreateProcess( null ,  new  StringBuilder(argm),  null ,  null ,  false ,  0 ,  null ,  null ,  ref  sInfo,  ref  pInfo))
            {
                 throw   new  Exception( " 调用失败 " );
            }
             uint  i  =   0 ;
            WaitForSingleObject(pInfo.hProcess,  int .MaxValue);            
            GetExitCodeProcess(pInfo.hProcess,  ref  i);
            CloseHandle(pInfo.hProcess);
            CloseHandle(pInfo.hThread);