wait/notify是Object下的一个方法。
wait方法是使当前执行代码的线程进行等待,该方法用来将当前线程置入“预执行队列”中,并且在wait所在的代码行处停止执行,直到接到通知或被中断为止。在调用wait之前,线程必须获得该对象的的对象级别锁,即只能在同步方法或同步块中调用wait()方法。如果没有获得锁就会抛出illegalMonitorStateException.执行完wiat后锁立刻被释放。
notify也要在同步方法或同步块中调用,也就是说调用之前也必须获得锁。该方法用来通知那些可能等待对象的对象锁的其他线程,如果有多个线程等待,则由线程规划器随机挑选出其中一个呈wait状态的线程,需要说明的是,在执行notify方法后,当前线程不会马上释放该对象锁,呈wait状态的线程也并不能马上获取锁,要等到notify方法的线程执行完。
1.如果一个wait没有得到notify或notifyAll即便对象已经空闲,还会继续阻塞在wait状态,总wait是使用线程停止运行;而notify使停止的线程断续运行。
2.当线程呈wait状态时,调用线程对象的interrupt方法会出现InterruptedException
3.当有线程还未处理wait状态下就发出notify,notiyf就等于一个空方法
测试1:
private static String lock = "lock";
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
synchronized(lock){
System.out.println("thread running");
try {
lock.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("thread end");
}
}
}.start();
Thread.sleep(2000);
synchronized(lock){
System.out.println("send notify");
lock.notify();
}
}
结果:
thread running
send notify
thread end
测试2:
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Thread t = new Thread(){
@Override
public synchronized void run() {
System.out.println("thread running");
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("thread end");
}
};
t.start();
Thread.sleep(2000);
synchronized(t){
System.out.println("send notify");
t.notify();
}
}
结果:
thread running
send notify
thread end
测试3:
public static class Company{
volatile private boolean consumeFirst = false;
//生产
public synchronized void product(){
try {
while(consumeFirst){
wait();
}
System.out.println("★★★★★");
consumeFirst = true;
notifyAll();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
}
}
//消费
public synchronized void consume(){
try {
while(!consumeFirst){
wait();
}
System.out.println("☆☆☆☆☆");
consumeFirst = false;
notifyAll();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Company company = new Company();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
Thread consume = new Thread(){
public void run() {
company.consume();
};
};
consume.start();
Thread product = new Thread(){
public void run() {
company.product();
};
};
product.start();
}
}
结果:
★★★★★
☆☆☆☆☆
★★★★★
☆☆☆☆☆
★★★★★
☆☆☆☆☆
...