Nagios监控windows服务器 平台及所用组件,

    监控服务器:redhat linux as5,nagios-3.0.5, nagios-plugins-1.4.11

    被监控端:windows2003,nsclient++0.3.3

简单介绍

    Nagios是一款开源的免费网络监视工具，其功能强大，灵活性强。能有效监控Windows、Linux和Unix的主机状态，交换机路由器等网络设置，打印机等。本文档主要实现nagios监控windows主机，nagios监控windows系统有三种实现方式：SNMP、NSClient++、NRPE.

    本文只介绍使用NSClient++方式来监控Windows,然后简单介绍一下nagios如何使用插件及自己编写插件参数.

1.Nagios的安装 1.安装基础支持套件

    nagios需要apache,gcc,glibc,gd库等套件才能运行.

yum install httpd

yum install gcc

yum install glibc glibc-common

yum install gd gd-devel

2.创建帐号及组

/usr/sbin/useradd -m nagios

passwd nagios

/usr/sbin/groupadd nagcmd

/usr/sbin/usermod -a -G nagcmd nagios

/usr/sbin/usermod -a -G nagcmd daemon #daemon为运行apache的账号。

3.安装nagios

tar -zxvf nagios-3.0.5.tar.gz

cd nagios-3.0.5

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-command-group=nagcmd --with-gd-lib=/usr/lib/ --with-gd-inc=/usr/include/

make all

make install

make install-init #在/etc/rc.d/init.d安装启动脚本

make install-config #在/usr/local/nagios/etc安装示例配置文件

make install-commandmode #配置目录权限

4.配置apache

    在alias模块<IfModule alias_module>添加如下行.(如果是rpm安装apache,将下面行写入到alias处)

ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/local/nagios/sbin"

<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin">

#  SSLRequireSSL

   Options ExecCGI

   AllowOverride None

   Order allow,deny

   Allow from all

#  Order deny,allow

#  Deny from all

#  Allow from 127.0.0.1

   AuthName "Nagios Access"

   AuthType Basic

   AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users

   Require valid-user

</Directory>

Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios/share"

<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/share">

#  SSLRequireSSL

   Options None

   AllowOverride None

   Order allow,deny

   Allow from all

#  Order deny,allow

#  Deny from all

#  Allow from 127.0.0.1

   AuthName "Nagios Access"

   AuthType Basic

   AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users

   Require valid-user

</Directory>

    创建apache目录验证文件并得启apache

/usr/local/apache/bin/htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin

New password:

Re-type new password:

Adding password for user nagiosadmin

service httpd restart #重启apache

5.安装nagios-plugins

    nagios-plugins是nagios官方提供的一套插件程序，nagios监控主机的功能其实都是通过执行插件程序来实现的.

tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.11.tar.gz

cd nagios-plugins-1.4.11

./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-redhat-pthread-workaround

make

make install

6.其它设置

chkconfig --add nagios #配置机器启动时自动启动Nagios

chkconfig nagios on

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg #检查Nagios配置文件

vi /etc/selinux/config #关闭SELinux

SELINUX=disabled

service iptables stop #关闭SELinux,或打开80,5666端口

7.启动并访问

    启动

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

service nagios start

    现在就可以访问nagios服务了

http://192.168.0.20/nagios/

可见nagios服务能运行了,现在它只监控了它自己.下面让它监控wichow服务器.

2.监控Windows服务器

    nagios监控windows系统有三种实现方式：SNMP,NSClient++,NRPE,后面两种方式都需要在windows上安装agent，本文档只介绍使用NSClient++方式来监控Windows

1.windows设置

    把nsclient++0.3.3.zip解压到C盘然后进入命今窗口安装

C:\&gt;cd "NSClient++-Win32-0.3.5"

C:\NSClient++-Win32-0.3.5&gt;nsclient++ /install

l \NSClient++.cpp(193) Service installed!

    编辑NES.ini

[modules] #去掉注释符号”;”除了CheckWMI.dll和RemoteConfiguration.dll

FileLogger.dll

CheckSystem.dll

CheckDisk.dll

NSClientListener.dll

[Settings]

allowd_host=192.168.0.20/32 #些处为nagios服务的IP

[NSClient]

port=12489 #去掉注释就可以了！

    启动nsclient服务并确认端口是否打开

C:\NSClient++-Win32-0.3.5&gt;netstat -an | more

Active Connections

Proto Local Address Foreign Address State

TCP 0.0.0.0:445 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING

TCP 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING

TCP 0.0.0.0:12489 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING

2.nagios设置

    接下来我们开始配置nagios服务器里面的内容

    因为nagios是模块化调用,先到配置文件打开windows相关模块

vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

# Definitions for monitoring the local (Linux) host

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg

# Definitions for monitoring a Windows machine

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/windows.cfg #去掉这句话的注释

    打开模块后配置windows.cfg

vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/windows.cfg

define host{

use windows-server

host_name winserver #被监控主机名

alias My Windows Server

address 192.168.0.8 ; 被监控的windows地址

#把下面的host_name都改成winserver

define service{

use generic-service

host_name winserver

service_description CPU Load

check_command check_nt!CPULOAD!-l 5,80,90 #监控CPU使用

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name winserver

service_description Memory Usage

check_command check_nt!MEMUSE!-w 80 -c 90 #监控内存

}

    打开windows模块,设置windows.cfg中相关被监控主机与监控内容后nagios服务器就配置完了,下面重启nagios然后看一下监控结果.

service nagios start

    呵呵,监控到了,现在windows运行一切正常

3.Nagios监控相关内容 1).nagios目录功能的简要说明

bin

Nagios执行程序所在目录，nagios文件即为主程序

etc

Nagios配置文件位置

sbin

Nagios Cgi文件所在目录，也就是执行外部命令所需文件所在的目录

Share

Nagios网页文件所在的目录

Var

Nagios日志文件、spid 等文件所在的目录

var/archives

日志归档目录

var/rw

用来存放外部命令文件

libexec

存放nagios插件

2)如何使用nagios插件

    上面监控windows使用了check_nt插件(插件都放在/usr/local/nagios/libexec)

[root@cxy ~]# ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/

check_apt check_ftp check_mailq check_overcr check_tcp

check_breeze check_http check_mrtg check_ping check_time

check_by_ssh check_icmp check_mrtgtraf check_pop check_udp

check_clamd check_ide_smart check_nagios check_procs check_ups

check_cluster check_ifoperstatus check_nntp check_real check_users

check_dhcp check_ifstatus check_nntps check_rpc check_wave

check_dig check_imap check_nrpe check_sensors negate

check_disk check_ircd check_nt check_simap urlize

    可以看到有很多插件我们也可以使用帮助来自己写监控代码

    例如查看check_nt帮助

[root@cxy libexec]# pwd

/usr/local/nagios/libexec

[root@cxy libexec]# ./check_nt -h

Usage:check_nt -H host -v variable [-p port] [-w warning] [-c critical][-l params] [-d SHOWALL] [-t timeout]

#监控CPU写法

CPULOAD =

Average CPU load on last x minutes.

Request a -l parameter with the following syntax:

-l <minutes range>,<warning threshold>,<critical threshold>.

<minute range> should be less than 24*60.

Thresholds are percentage and up to 10 requests can be done in one shot.

ie: -l 60,90,95,120,90,95

#完整写法为

check_nt!CPULOAD!-l 5,80,90

check_nt调用cpuload,5分钟内负载平均达到80%为warning,负载达到90%为critical

    监控磁盘使用

USEDDISKSPACE =

Size and percentage of disk use.

Request a -l parameter containing the drive letter only.

Warning and critical thresholds can be specified with -w and -c.

#如果要监控C盘,达到80%报警,达到90%为严重危险

check_nt!USEDDISKSPACE!-l c -w 80 -c 90

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