hellopasswd
安装软件包的三种方法
- rpm工具
- yum工具
- 源码包
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
CentOS_BuildTag EULA images LiveOS repodata RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
EFI GPL isolinux Packages RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 TRANS.TBL
[root@localhost mnt]# cd Packages/
[root@localhost Packages]# ls
#本地所有rpm包
rpm包格式:
包名-主版本号.次版本号.修正版本号-发布版本号-平台.rpm
常见的rpm工具使用方式
rpm -ivh zsh-*.rpm #安装可视化
rpm -Uxh zsh-*.rpm #升级可视化
rpm -qa #查询所有包
rpm -e 包名 #需安装先依赖包
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -e ppp
error: Failed dependencies:
ppp = 2.4.5 is needed by (installed) NetworkManager-1:0.9.9.1-13.git20140326.4dba720.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -e NetworkManager
error: Failed dependencies:
NetworkManager(x86-64) = 1:0.9.9.1-13.git20140326.4dba720.el7 is needed by (installed) NetworkManager-tui-1:0.9.9.1-13.git20140326.4dba720.el7.x86_64
rpm -q 包名 #查询是否安装
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -q wget
wget-1.14-15.el7_4.1.x86_64
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -q vim
package vim is not installed
rpm -qi 包名 #查询包信息
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qi wget
Name : wget
Version : 1.14
Release : 15.el7_4.1
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Tue 14 Nov 2017 05:59:46 AM CST
Group : Applications/Internet
Size : 2055533
License : GPLv3+
Signature : RSA/SHA256, Fri 27 Oct 2017 01:54:42 AM CST, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5
Source RPM : wget-1.14-15.el7_4.1.src.rpm
Build Date : Fri 27 Oct 2017 12:50:51 AM CST
Build Host : c1bm.rdu2.centos.org
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>
Vendor : CentOS
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/wget/
Summary : A utility for retrieving files using the HTTP or FTP protocols
Description :
GNU Wget is a file retrieval utility which can use either the HTTP or
FTP protocols. Wget features include the ability to work in the
background while you are logged out, recursive retrieval of
directories, file name wildcard matching, remote file timestamp
storage and comparison, use of Rest with FTP servers and Range with
HTTP servers to retrieve files over slow or unstable connections,
support for Proxy servers, and configurability.
rpm -ql 包名 #查询包会安装什么文件
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ql wget
/etc/wgetrc
/usr/bin/wget
/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14
/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/AUTHORS
/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/MAILING-LIST
/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/NEWS
/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/README
/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/sample.wgetrc
/usr/share/info/wget.info.gz
/usr/share/locale/be/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/bg/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/ca/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/cs/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/da/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/el/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/en_GB/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/eo/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/es/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/et/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/eu/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/fi/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/ga/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/gl/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/he/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/hr/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/hu/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/id/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/lt/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/nb/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/nl/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/pl/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/pt/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/ro/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/ru/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/sk/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/sl/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/sr/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/sv/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/tr/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/uk/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/vi/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
/usr/share/man/man1/wget.1.gz
rpm -qf 路径 #查询路径是由哪个包安装的
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/vi
vim-minimal-7.4.160-1.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost Packages]# which ls
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
/usr/bin/ls
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qf `which ls | tail -1 | cut -f 2`
coreutils-8.22-11.el7.x86_64
修改于 171110