JAVAWEB学习制作自己的小说管理网站-day01

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-01 09:29:45 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-01 09:29:45 发布

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文章标签： java 数据库 web.xml

原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/learnjava/805239

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Author AhahaGe

day01主要实现了登录的功能，按理应该先实现注册的功能。

主要分为以下几个部分：

Mysql数据库
登录(login)jsp和登录成功(main)jsp页面
util包下的JDBCUtil数据库连接类
web.xml中配置servlet

step1:建数据库和表，并插入原始数据

show databases;
set charset utf8;
create database story;
use story;
mysql> create table user(
-> id int primary key auto_increment,
-> name char(20),
-> password char(30));
insert into user(name,password) values ('a','a');
insert into user(name,password) values ('b','b');
//下面这句给name加unique属性
alter table user add unique(name);

step2:写login.jsp

jsp里主要包含一个用来登录的form，以及其中需要的用户名，密码，按钮，验证码暂时不用(还不会写那个生成验证码的servelt)

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>login jsp</title>
</head>
<body>
<div><h1>story user login</h1></div>
<form action="login" method="post">
<div>
username:<input type="text" name="username"/>
</div>
<div>
password:<input type="password" name="password"/>
</div>
<div>
validateCode:<input type="text" name="validateCode"/>
</div>
<div>
<input type="submit" name="login" value="login"/>
<input type="button" name="register" value="register"/>
</div>
</form>
<div style="font-size:20;color:red">${sessionScope.error}</div>
</body>
</html>

需要关注以下几点：

table没有div灵活，就都用div了，css设置不来，先丑一点
charset要改成utf-8
login按钮的type要是submit，不然点了没效果
错误信息的显示style为红色，内容从session中取
method=post, action写了一个loginValidate的servlet

step3:网站的欢迎页面用一个servlet, servlet的作用是直接跳到login.jsp

web.xml中welcome-file-list

<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

jsp页面的位置：

WEB-INF下的页面不能直接访问，就用了一个servlet来跳转

<servlet>
<servlet-name>index</servlet-name>
<jsp-file>/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp</jsp-file>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>index</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/index</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

这样输入http://localhost:8080/story的时候就直接跳转到WEB-INF下的login.jsp下面。

step4.写login servlet用来处理登录逻辑，类名是LoginServlet

package servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import util.JDBCUtil;
/**
* Servlet implementation class LoginServlet
* used to deal with login request
*/
@WebServlet(description = "used to deal with user login operation", urlPatterns = { "/LoginServlet" })
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public LoginServlet() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request,response);
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//set the response type and should in the first line
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//get session
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
//get the parameter transmitted from client request
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
String sql = "select id,name,password from test where name='"+username+"'";
try {
//get connection
conn = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
//create statement
stmt = conn.createStatement() ;
//execute sql and get result
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
while(rs.next()){
//compare client name and password with the database
if(rs.getString(2).equals(username)){
if(rs.getString(3).equals(password)){
//close connection
if(conn!=null){
rs.close();
stmt.close();
conn.close();
}
//if match, set the username attribute into session and empty error attribute
//redirect it to the main page
session.setAttribute("username", username);
session.setAttribute("error", null);
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/main");
return;
}
}
}
//if don't match, set the error attribute and redirect to login page
session.setAttribute("error", "username or password is incorrect!");
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/index");
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

类中需要注意的几点：

response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");设置响应的类型，并且要放在第一句
String username = request.getParameter("username"); 引号中的username要与jsp中的name属性相同
String sql = "select id,name,password from test where name='"+username+"'";字符字段值用''引起来
rs.getString(2)，api中规定计数从1开始，这个1指代的是上面的sql中的select出来的第一列，不是数据库表中的第一列
session.setAttribute("error", null); 登录成功之后要清空error信息，不然点击浏览器后退+F5还会一直出现登录出错的信息
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/login");重定向到指定的页面,getContextPath获取应用的根目录，来解决相对路径的问题