＜Community＞主要用来控制路由的传播范围
社团属性，也叫共同体属性，是可选传递属性
·“可选”：意味着并不是所有的路由器都能识别这个社团属性。
·“传递”：意味着路由器即使不能识别这个属性，也能将这条路由继续传递下去。
·社团属性类似于tag标记，它允许路由器能够使用一个指示符来标记路由，并且允许其它路由器根据这个标记来控制路由的传播范围,或者对含有标记的路由做一些处理。一条路由可以设置多个社团属性，也就是说允许同时打上多个标记
要去：
1.证明团体属性的区别及其传播范围
2.联盟的应用
3.反射器的应用
R1配置
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
interface Loopback1
ip address 1.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
interface Loopback2
ip address 1.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
interface Loopback3
ip address 1.1.4.1 255.255.255.0
interface Serial0/0
ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0
router ospf 10
router-id 1.1.1.1
log-adjacency-changes
network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 1.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 1.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 1.1.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!router bgp 65535
no synchronization
bgp router-id 1.1.1.1
bgp log-neighbor-changes
bgp confederation identifier 1
network 1.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
network 1.1.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0
network 1.1.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
network 1.1.4.0 mask 255.255.255.0
neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as 65535
neighbor 2.2.2.2 update-source Loopback0
neighbor 2.2.2.2 next-hop-self
neighbor 2.2.2.2 send-community
neighbor 2.2.2.2 route-map liang out
no auto-summary
ip bgp-community new-format
access-list 10 permit 1.1.1.0
access-list 20 permit 1.1.2.0
access-list 30 permit 1.1.3.0
access-list 40 permit 1.1.4.0
route-map liang permit 10
match ip address 10
set community no-advertise
route-map liang permit 20
match ip address 20
set community no-export
route-map liang permit 30
match ip address 30
set community local-AS
route-map liang permit 40
match ip address 40
set community internet
R2的配置
interface Loopback0
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
interface Serial0/0
ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0
interface Serial0/1
ip address 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0
interface Serial0/2
ip address 24.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0
router ospf 10
router-id 2.2.2.2
log-adjacency-changes
network 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
router bgp 65535
no synchronization
bgp router-id 2.2.2.2
bgp log-neighbor-changes
bgp confederation identifier 1
bgp confederation peers 65534
neighbor 1.1.1.1 remote-as 65535
neighbor 1.1.1.1 update-source Loopback0
neighbor 3.3.3.3 remote-as 65535
neighbor 3.3.3.3 update-source Loopback0
neighbor 3.3.3.3 route-reflector-client
neighbor 3.3.3.3 next-hop-self
neighbor 3.3.3.3 send-community
neighbor 4.4.4.4 remote-as 65534
neighbor 4.4.4.4 send-community
neighbor 24.1.1.4 remote-as 65534
neighbor 24.1.1.4 ebgp-multihop 255
neighbor 24.1.1.4 next-hop-self
neighbor 24.1.1.4 send-community
no auto-summary
ip bgp-community new-format
R3的配置
interface Loopback0
ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
interface Serial0/1
ip address 23.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0
router ospf 10
router-id 3.3.3.3
log-adjacency-changes
network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
router bgp 65535
no synchronization
bgp router-id 3.3.3.3
bgp log-neighbor-changes
bgp confederation identifier 1
neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as 65535
neighbor 2.2.2.2 update-source Loopback0
no auto-summary
R4的配置
interface Loopback0
ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0
interface Serial0/2
ip address 24.1.1.4 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0
interface Serial0/3
ip address 45.1.1.4 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0
router bgp 65534
no synchronization
bgp router-id 4.4.4.4
bgp log-neighbor-changes
bgp confederation identifier 1
bgp confederation peers 65535
neighbor 24.1.1.2 remote-as 65535
neighbor 24.1.1.2 ebgp-multihop 255
neighbor 45.1.1.5 remote-as 2
neighbor 45.1.1.5 ebgp-multihop 255
neighbor 45.1.1.5 send-community
no auto-summary
R5的配置
interface Serial0/3
ip address 45.1.1.5 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0
router bgp 2
no synchronization
bgp router-id 5.5.5.5
bgp log-neighbor-changes
neighbor 45.1.1.4 remote-as 1
no auto-summary
我们是在R1上起四个路由条目并通过route-map抓住打上四个不同的团体属性值
·社团属性分以下两种：
1、well-known communities 公认团体
2、Private communities 私有团体
·社团属性中已经预定义好的三类well-known属性:
no-advertise：携带此属性的路由不会通告给任何BGP邻居。也就是说只传达给一个邻居
no-export： 携带此属性的路由不会传出本AS外,只会传给IBGP。（联邦中的小AS会传递）。
local-AS： 携带此属性的路由不会传出小AS。
internat 携带此属性的可以任意传播不受AS的限制
R2#show ip bgp 四条都有
BGP table version is 7, local router ID is 2.2.2.2
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
r RIB-failure, S Stale
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path
*>i1.1.1.0/24 1.1.1.1 0 100 0 i
*>i1.1.2.0/24 1.1.1.1 0 100 0 i
*>i1.1.3.0/24 1.1.1.1 0 100 0 i
*>i1.1.4.0/24 1.1.1.1 0 100 0 i
R3# show ip bgp 因为1.1.1.0打上的是no-ad的属性只会传一跳所以R3上收不到
BGP table version is 8, local router ID is 3.3.3.3
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
r RIB-failure, S Stale
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path
*>i1.1.2.0/24 1.1.1.1 0 100 0 i
*>i1.1.3.0/24 1.1.1.1 0 100 0 i
*>i1.1.4.0/24 1.1.1.1 0 100 0 i
R4#show ip bgp 1.1.3.0 打上的是local属性不会传出小AS(联盟)所以R4属于另一个联盟收不到
BGP table version is 15, local router ID is 4.4.4.4
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
r RIB-failure, S Stale
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path
*> 1.1.2.0/24 24.1.1.2 0 100 0 (65535) i
*> 1.1.4.0/24 24.1.1.2 0 100 0 (65535) i
R5# show ip bgp
BGP table version is 25, local router ID is 5.5.5.5
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
r RIB-failure, S Stale
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path
*> 1.1.4.0/24 45.1.1.4 0 1 i
在R5上只收到一条internet属性的条目 no-export 会在大AS内传播但不会给公有EBGP传播
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/liangrui/562160
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