支付宝的沙箱环境测试（Django）-CSDN博客

前言：支付宝沙箱环境(Beta)是协助开发者进行接口功能开发及主要功能联调的辅助环境。沙箱环境模拟了开放平台部分产品的主要功能和主要逻辑。在开发者应用上线审核前，开发者可以根据自身需求，先在沙箱环境中了解、组合和调试各种开放接口，进行开发调通工作，从而帮助开发者在应用上线审核完成后，能更快速、更顺利的进行线上调试和验收工作。

一、开通支付宝沙箱环境

沙箱环境地址：https://openhome.alipay.com/platform/appDaily.htm?tab=info
访问上面url，支付宝扫码登录，实名认证，根据提示创建应用，生成相应的沙箱应用环境。生成并上传RSA2(SHA256)的应用公钥，详见生成RSA密钥；

image.png

二、python实现的支付宝PC端支付接口

from datetime import datetime
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Signature import PKCS1_v1_5
from Crypto.Hash import SHA256
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
from base64 import decodebytes, encodebytes
import json

class AliPay(object):
    """
    支付宝支付接口(PC端支付接口)
    """
    def __init__(self, appid, app_notify_url, app_private_key_path,
                 alipay_public_key_path, return_url, debug=False):
        self.appid = appid
        self.app_notify_url = app_notify_url
        self.app_private_key_path = app_private_key_path
        self.app_private_key = None
        self.return_url = return_url
        with open(self.app_private_key_path) as fp:
            self.app_private_key = RSA.importKey(fp.read())
        self.alipay_public_key_path = alipay_public_key_path
        with open(self.alipay_public_key_path) as fp:
            self.alipay_public_key = RSA.importKey(fp.read())

        if debug is True:
            self.__gateway = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do"
        else:
            self.__gateway = "https://openapi.alipay.com/gateway.do"

    def direct_pay(self, subject, out_trade_no, total_amount, return_url=None, **kwargs):
        biz_content = {
            "subject": subject,
            "out_trade_no": out_trade_no,
            "total_amount": total_amount,
            "product_code": "FAST_INSTANT_TRADE_PAY",
            # "qr_pay_mode":4
        }

        biz_content.update(kwargs)
        data = self.build_body("alipay.trade.page.pay", biz_content, self.return_url)
        return self.sign_data(data)

    def build_body(self, method, biz_content, return_url=None):
        data = {
            "app_id": self.appid,
            "method": method,
            "charset": "utf-8",
            "sign_type": "RSA2",
            "timestamp": datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
            "version": "1.0",
            "biz_content": biz_content
        }

        if return_url is not None:
            data["notify_url"] = self.app_notify_url
            data["return_url"] = self.return_url

        return data

    def sign_data(self, data):
        data.pop("sign", None)
        # 排序后的字符串
        unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data)
        unsigned_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items)
        sign = self.sign(unsigned_string.encode("utf-8"))
        # ordered_items = self.ordered_data(data)
        quoted_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, quote_plus(v)) for k, v in unsigned_items)

        # 获得最终的订单信息字符串
        signed_string = quoted_string + "&sign=" + quote_plus(sign)
        return signed_string

    def ordered_data(self, data):
        complex_keys = []
        for key, value in data.items():
            if isinstance(value, dict):
                complex_keys.append(key)

        # 将字典类型的数据dump出来
        for key in complex_keys:
            data[key] = json.dumps(data[key], separators=(',', ':'))

        return sorted([(k, v) for k, v in data.items()])

    def sign(self, unsigned_string):
        # 开始计算签名
        key = self.app_private_key
        signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)
        signature = signer.sign(SHA256.new(unsigned_string))
        # base64 编码，转换为unicode表示并移除回车
        sign = encodebytes(signature).decode("utf8").replace("\n", "")
        return sign

    def _verify(self, raw_content, signature):
        # 开始计算签名
        key = self.alipay_public_key
        signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)
        digest = SHA256.new()
        digest.update(raw_content.encode("utf8"))
        if signer.verify(digest, decodebytes(signature.encode("utf8"))):
            return True
        return False

    def verify(self, data, signature):
        if "sign_type" in data:
            sign_type = data.pop("sign_type")
        # 排序后的字符串
        unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data)
        message = "&".join(u"{}={}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items)
        return self._verify(message, signature)

这里面的Crypto包不是很好找，需要的可以百度云下载https://pan.baidu.com/s/1aAVe4PIOp2YVhWnPpDtOOg提取码 tmmy

三、支付接口测试的逻辑代码框架

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse
from utils.pay import AliPay    //导入支付宝的PC端支付接口类
import time

def ali():
    # 沙箱环境地址：https://openhome.alipay.com/platform/appDaily.htm?tab=info
    app_id = "2016092100559183"
    # POST请求，用于最后的检测(检测是否支付成功，生成订单)
    notify_url = "http://www.wangjifei.com:8804/page2/"
    # GET请求，用于页面的跳转展示（获取订单状态，显示给用户）
    return_url = "http://www.wangjifei.com:8804/page2/"
    # 用户的私钥
    merchant_private_key_path = "keys/app_private_2048.txt"
    # 支付宝的公钥
    alipay_public_key_path = "keys/alipay_public_2048.txt"

    alipay = AliPay(
        appid=app_id,
        app_notify_url=notify_url,
        return_url=return_url,
        app_private_key_path=merchant_private_key_path,
        alipay_public_key_path=alipay_public_key_path,  # 支付宝的公钥，验证支付宝回传消息使用，不是你自己的公钥
        debug=True,  # 默认False,
    )
    return alipay


def page1(request):
    if request.method == "GET":

        return render(request, 'page1.html')
    else:
        money = float(request.POST.get('money'))
        alipay = ali()
        # 生成支付的url
        query_params = alipay.direct_pay(
            subject="Django课程",  # 商品简单描述
            out_trade_no="x2" + str(time.time()),  # 商户订单号
            total_amount=money,  # 交易金额(单位: 元 保留俩位小数)
        )
        # 支付宝网关,带上订单参数才有意义
        pay_url = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do?{}".format(query_params)
        # POST请求重定向到支付宝提供的网关，跳转到支付宝支付界面
        return redirect(pay_url)


def page2(request):
    alipay = ali()
    if request.method == "POST":
        # 检测是否支付成功
        # 去请求体中获取所有返回的数据：状态/订单号
        from urllib.parse import parse_qs
        body_str = request.body.decode('utf-8')
        post_data = parse_qs(body_str)

        post_dict = {}
        for k, v in post_data.items():
            post_dict[k] = v[0]
        print(post_dict)

        sign = post_dict.pop('sign', None)
        status = alipay.verify(post_dict, sign)
        print('POST验证', status)

        if status:
            # 修改订单状态
            pass
        return HttpResponse('POST返回')

    else:
        params = request.GET.dict()
        sign = params.pop('sign', None)
        status = alipay.verify(params, sign)
        print('GET验证', status)
        if status:
            # 获取订单状态，显示给用户
            return HttpResponse('支付成功')

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from API.views import text

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^page1/', text.page1),
    url(r'^page2/', text.page2),
]

page1.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="dist/css/bootstrap.css">
</head>
<body>
    <form method="POST">
        {% csrf_token %}
        <input type="text" name="money">
        <input type="submit" value="去支付" />
    </form>
<script></script>
</body>
</html>

app_private_2048.txt

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
用户私钥
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

alipay_public_2048.txt

-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
支付宝公钥
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----

四、支付测试

写好这些代码就可以做简单的支付宝支付测试了，代码看着不少，其实真的不多，支付宝接口不是我们写的，直接拿来用就好，逻辑代码前面是沙箱环境的参数配置，后面是简单的page1，page2逻辑代码框架。

访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/page1/进入支付页面，其实就是一个input标签。
填写支付金额，点击支付，界面就会自动跳转到支付宝的支付界面，生成订单的基本信息和一个付款的二维码
扫码的时候不能用正式版的支付宝 app 来扫，必须用沙箱环境版的支付宝 app 来扫。当然，可以使用登录帐密来支付，但是一定要注意只能用和应用 ID 对应的沙箱帐号来登录。

image.png