Silverlight实用窍门系列：21.循环访问WebService方法来看Silverlight下WebService异步请求【附带源码实例】...

最新推荐文章于 2018-10-30 10:31:30 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2018-10-30 10:31:30 发布

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问题：笔者在项目中需要循环一个WebService方法N次，以获得N个结果数据，但是这过程中出现了一些问题,获取到的结果数据量大于笔者的预期且值为N*N。

Silverlight中常见的数据访问方式都是通过类似于WebService异步请求方式来获取的，相信大部分人都会这个WebService的请求方法，但是在某一个需要输入参数获取一个结果的WebService方法中，假设我们需要循环输入N个参数，然后获取N个结果集的情况下进行的操作会出现什么情况呢？本文将围绕循环WebService循环访问探讨一下Silverlight中的异步WebService数据请求过程。

首先新建一个Silverlight应用程序项目，在Web项目中添加Wservice.asmx的服务页面，在页面内我们创建一个WebService方法源码如下，输入参数为1、2、3、4、5的情况下，获得相应的结果为（参数---word）如1---word,2---word。

[WebMethod]
public string GetData( int id)
{
string rstr = string .Empty;
rstr = id.ToString() + " ---word " ;
return rstr;
}

下面我们编写一个实体类，来绑定ListBox控件。源码如下：

/// <summary>
/// 信息类属性Id为ID值，属性Infostr为信息类的字符值
/// </summary>
public class info
{
int id;
string infostr;

public int Id
{
get { return id; }
set { id = value; }
}

public string Infostr
{
get { return infostr; }
set { infostr = value; }
}
}

下面我们在XAML文件中添加两个ListBox和两个Button控件。分别用来显示错误的多条数据的情况和正确的N条数据的情况。

< ListBox Height = " 193 " HorizontalAlignment = " Left " Margin = " 61,29,0,0 " Name = " listBox1 " VerticalAlignment = " Top " Width = " 154 " />
< Button Content = " 获取25个WebService数据 " Height = " 23 " HorizontalAlignment = " Left " Margin = " 61,240,0,0 " Name = " button1 " VerticalAlignment = " Top " Width = " 154 " Click = " button1_Click " />
< ListBox Height = " 193 " HorizontalAlignment = " Left " Margin = " 264,29,0,0 " Name = " listBox2 " VerticalAlignment = " Top " Width = " 154 " />
< Button Content = " 获取5个WebService数据 " Height = " 23 " HorizontalAlignment = " Left " Margin = " 264,240,0,0 " Name = " button2 " VerticalAlignment = " Top " Width = " 154 " Click = " button2_Click " />

下面我们查看CS中的关键代码如下：

#region 获取到错误的数据条数条数是N*N
/// <summary>
/// 获取错误的多条数据的方法
/// </summary>
public void GetMoreList()
{
// 清除infoMoreList数据集，然后循环访问WebService方法
infoMoreList.Clear();
for ( int i = 1 ; i < 6 ; i ++ )
{
MoreClient.GetDataAsync(i);
MoreClient.GetDataCompleted += new EventHandler < GetDataCompletedEventArgs > (wClient_GetDataCompleted);
}
}
void wClient_GetDataCompleted( object sender, GetDataCompletedEventArgs e)
{
info inf = new info()
{
Id = 1 , Infostr = e.Result
};
infoMoreList.Add(inf);
}
#endregion

#region 获取正确的数据条数
/// <summary>
/// 获取正确数据的方法
/// </summary>
public void GetList()
{
// 清除infoList数据集，然后循环访问WebService方法
infoList.Clear();
for ( int i = 1 ; i < 6 ; i ++ )
{
LessClient.GetDataAsync(i);
}
LessClient.GetDataCompleted += new EventHandler < GetDataCompletedEventArgs > (wClient_LessGetDataCompleted);
}

void wClient_LessGetDataCompleted( object sender, GetDataCompletedEventArgs e)
{
info inf = new info()
{
Id = 1 , Infostr = e.Result
};
infoList.Add(inf);
}
#endregion

关键在于for循环之中有没有包括MoreClient.GetDataCompleted事件的加载。

第一种错误的情况下每次循环发出异步请求加载一次GetDataCompleted事件，一共循环五次，那么加载了5次GetDataCompleted事件的时候，也发出了5次的Ansyc(i)请求，所以5*5=25次获取事件结果数据，这是错误的！

第二种正确的情况下每次循环发出异步的Ansyc(i)请求即可，只是在循环完之后加载一次GetDataCompleted事件即可，然后就会执行5*1=5次获取事件结果处理。通过每刷新程序，然后按Button键得到的右边ListBox数据排列不同可以看出：发出请求的时间顺序和得到结果的时间顺序是不一致的。

下图展示两种情况得到的数据如下：

本实例的所有源代码如下，点击代码展开观看：

Wservice.asmx.cs源代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;

namespace SLWebService.Web
{
/// <summary>
/// Wservice 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
[WebService(Namespace = " http://tempuri.org/ " )]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
[System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem( false )]
// 若要允许使用 ASP.NET AJAX 从脚本中调用此 Web 服务，请取消对下行的注释。
// [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
public class Wservice : System.Web.Services.WebService
{

[WebMethod]
public string GetData( int id)
{
string rstr = string .Empty;
rstr = id.ToString() + " ---word " ;
return rstr;
}
}
}

MainPage.xaml源代码

< UserControl xmlns:sdk = " http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation/sdk " x:Class = " SLWebService.MainPage "
xmlns = " http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation "
xmlns:x = " http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml "
xmlns:d = " http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008 "
xmlns:mc = " http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006 "
mc:Ignorable = " d "
d:DesignHeight = " 800 " d:DesignWidth = " 800 " >

< Grid x:Name = " LayoutRoot " Background = " White " >
< ListBox Height = " 193 " HorizontalAlignment = " Left " Margin = " 61,29,0,0 " Name = " listBox1 " VerticalAlignment = " Top " Width = " 154 " />
< Button Content = " 获取25个WebService数据 " Height = " 23 " HorizontalAlignment = " Left " Margin = " 61,240,0,0 " Name = " button1 " VerticalAlignment = " Top " Width = " 154 " Click = " button1_Click " />
< ListBox Height = " 193 " HorizontalAlignment = " Left " Margin = " 264,29,0,0 " Name = " listBox2 " VerticalAlignment = " Top " Width = " 154 " />
< Button Content = " 获取5个WebService数据 " Height = " 23 " HorizontalAlignment = " Left " Margin = " 264,240,0,0 " Name = " button2 " VerticalAlignment = " Top " Width = " 154 " Click = " button2_Click " />
</ Grid >
</ UserControl >

MainPage.xaml.cs源代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Threading;
using SLWebService.ServiceReference1;
namespace SLWebService
{
public partial class MainPage : UserControl
{
public MainPage()
{
InitializeComponent();
// 初始化的时候就执行
GetMoreList();
GetList();
}
List < info > infoMoreList = new List < info > ();
List < info > infoList = new List < info > ();
WserviceSoapClient MoreClient = new WserviceSoapClient();
WserviceSoapClient LessClient = new WserviceSoapClient();
private void button1_Click( object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
this .listBox1.ItemsSource = infoMoreList;
this .listBox1.DisplayMemberPath = " Infostr " ;

}
private void button2_Click( object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
this .listBox2.ItemsSource = infoList;
this .listBox2.DisplayMemberPath = " Infostr " ;

}
#region 获取到错误的数据条数条数是N*N
/// <summary>
/// 获取错误的多条数据的方法
/// </summary>
public void GetMoreList()
{
// 清除infoMoreList数据集，然后循环访问WebService方法
infoMoreList.Clear();
// 错误的循环获取WebBSer
for ( int i = 1 ; i < 6 ; i ++ )
{
MoreClient.GetDataAsync(i);
MoreClient.GetDataCompleted += new EventHandler < GetDataCompletedEventArgs > (wClient_GetDataCompleted);
}
}
void wClient_GetDataCompleted( object sender, GetDataCompletedEventArgs e)
{
info inf = new info()
{
Id = 1 , Infostr = e.Result
};
infoMoreList.Add(inf);
}
#endregion

#region 获取正确的数据条数
/// <summary>
/// 获取正确数据的方法
/// </summary>
public void GetList()
{
// 清除infoList数据集，然后循环访问WebService方法
infoList.Clear();
for ( int i = 1 ; i < 6 ; i ++ )
{
LessClient.GetDataAsync(i);
}
LessClient.GetDataCompleted += new EventHandler < GetDataCompletedEventArgs > (wClient_LessGetDataCompleted);
}

void wClient_LessGetDataCompleted( object sender, GetDataCompletedEventArgs e)
{
info inf = new info()
{
Id = 1 , Infostr = e.Result
};
infoList.Add(inf);
}
#endregion

}
/// <summary>
/// 信息类属性Id为ID值，属性Infostr为信息类的字符值
/// </summary>
public class info
{
int id;
string infostr;

public int Id
{
get { return id; }
set { id = value; }
}

public string Infostr
{
get { return infostr; }
set { infostr = value; }
}
}
}

本实例采用VS2010+Silverlight 4.0编写，点击 SLWebService.rar 下载源代码。