用命令ssh-keygen -t rsa在 serverA中生成密钥对，-t rsa表示采用RSA算法来生成密钥对.生成的密钥对默认存放在~/.ssh/目录中，id_rsa.pub中存放公钥，id_rsa存放私钥.

(注:在生成密钥对的时候系统会提示输入密钥对的密码，这里请直接回车，不要输入密码，否则后面打通通道之后仍然需要密码，只不过是用这里设置的密码而已)

将id_rsa.pub中的公钥拷贝出来，追加到 serverB中的~/.ssh/authorized_keys文件中.

本机ssh打通自己：
zj@debian-zj:~/repos$ cd ~
zj@debian-zj:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/zj/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/zj/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/zj/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX zj@debian-zj
The key's randomart p_w_picpath is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|  xxxxxxxxxx     |
|  xxxxxxxxxx     |
|  xxxxxxxxxxx    |
|   xxxxxxxxxxxx  |
|  xxxxxxxxxxxx   |
| xxxxxxxxxxx     |
|xxxxxxxxxxxx     |
|xxxxxx           |
|xxxx             |
+-----------------+
zj@debian-zj:~$ cd ~/.ssh
zj@debian-zj:~/.ssh$ ls
id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts
zj@debian-zj:~/.ssh$ touch authorized_keys
zj@debian-zj:~/.ssh$ cat id_rsa.pub > authorized_keys

test:
zj@debian-zj:~/.ssh$ ssh 127.0.0.1
Linux debian-zj 2.6.26-1-686 #1 SMP Fri Mar 13 18:08:45 UTC 2009 i686

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
You have new mail.
zj@debian-zj:~$ exit
logout
Connection to 127.0.0.1 closed.
zj@debian-zj:~/.ssh$

说明：
authorized_keys文件的权限很重要，如果设置为777，那么登录的时候，还是需要提供密码的。
chmod  400 authorized_keys