Oracle 12中没有spfile,12c的cluster中，dbs下指定spfile不生效

在11g的cluster中，我们往往用dbs下的初始化文件(pfile)，来指定asm中实际存在的spfile

[oracle@ol6-112-rac1 dbs]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs

[oracle@ol6-112-rac1 dbs]$ ls

hc_acfsdb.dat hc_cdbrac_1.dat hc_cdbrac_2.dat initcdbrac_1.ora initcdbrac_1.ora.orig init.ora orapwacfsdb spfileacfsdb.ora

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1 dbs]$ cat initcdbrac_1.ora

SPFILE='+DATA/cdbrac/spfilecdbrac.ora'

[oracle@ol6-112-rac1 dbs]$

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[oracle@ol6-112-rac1dbs]$cd/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs

[oracle@ol6-112-rac1dbs]$ls

hc_acfsdb.dathc_cdbrac_1.dathc_cdbrac_2.datinitcdbrac_1.orainitcdbrac_1.ora.originit.oraorapwacfsdbspfileacfsdb.ora

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1dbs]$catinitcdbrac_1.ora

SPFILE='+DATA/cdbrac/spfilecdbrac.ora'

[oracle@ol6-112-rac1dbs]$

但是在12c中，如果我去修改dbs下的pfile指定spfile，这个设置就不会生效了，如我将文件指定到/tmp目录下，你会发现启动之后，它还是用到了asm上的spfile：

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1 dbs]$ cat initcdbrac_1.ora

SPFILE='/tmp/pfile.ora'

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1 dbs]$

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1 dbs]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jun 23 11:24:12 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> shutdown abort

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1219260416 bytes

Fixed Size 2287768 bytes

Variable Size 838862696 bytes

Database Buffers 369098752 bytes

Redo Buffers 9011200 bytes

SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile string +DATA/cdbrac/spfilecdbrac.ora

SQL> exit

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[oracle@ol6-121-rac1dbs]$catinitcdbrac_1.ora

SPFILE='/tmp/pfile.ora'

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1dbs]$

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1dbs]$sqlplus"/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus:Release12.1.0.1.0ProductiononThuJun2311:24:122016

Copyright(c)1982,2013,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.

Connectedto:

OracleDatabase12cEnterpriseEditionRelease12.1.0.1.0-64bitProduction

WiththePartitioning,RealApplicationClusters,AutomaticStorageManagement,OLAP,

AdvancedAnalyticsandRealApplicationTestingoptions

SQL>shutdownabort

ORACLEinstanceshutdown.

SQL>startupnomount

ORACLEinstancestarted.

TotalSystemGlobalArea1219260416bytes

FixedSize2287768bytes

VariableSize838862696bytes

DatabaseBuffers369098752bytes

RedoBuffers9011200bytes

SQL>showparameterspfile

NAMETYPEVALUE

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

spfilestring+DATA/cdbrac/spfilecdbrac.ora

SQL>exit

这是因为在12c的cluster中，spfile的信息已经固定在ocr中，不会去考虑dbs目录下的配置。

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1 dbs]$ srvctl config database -d cdbrac |grep spfile

Spfile: +DATA/cdbrac/spfilecdbrac.ora

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1 dbs]$

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[oracle@ol6-121-rac1dbs]$srvctlconfigdatabase-dcdbrac|grepspfile

Spfile:+DATA/cdbrac/spfilecdbrac.ora

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1dbs]$

如果要修改spfile的路径，就必须修改ocr中的信息了：

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1 dbs]$ srvctl modify database -d cdbrac -spfile '/tmp/pfile.ora'

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1 dbs]$

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1 dbs]$

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1 dbs]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jun 23 11:27:48 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> shutdown abort

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1219260416 bytes

Fixed Size 2287768 bytes

Variable Size 838862696 bytes

Database Buffers 369098752 bytes

Redo Buffers 9011200 bytes

SQL>

SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile string /tmp/pfile.ora

SQL> shutdown abort

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> exit

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[oracle@ol6-121-rac1dbs]$srvctlmodifydatabase-dcdbrac-spfile'/tmp/pfile.ora'

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1dbs]$

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1dbs]$

[oracle@ol6-121-rac1dbs]$sqlplus"/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus:Release12.1.0.1.0ProductiononThuJun2311:27:482016

Copyright(c)1982,2013,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.

Connectedto:

OracleDatabase12cEnterpriseEditionRelease12.1.0.1.0-64bitProduction

WiththePartitioning,RealApplicationClusters,AutomaticStorageManagement,OLAP,

AdvancedAnalyticsandRealApplicationTestingoptions

SQL>shutdownabort

ORACLEinstanceshutdown.

SQL>startupnomount

ORACLEinstancestarted.

TotalSystemGlobalArea1219260416bytes

FixedSize2287768bytes

VariableSize838862696bytes

DatabaseBuffers369098752bytes

RedoBuffers9011200bytes

SQL>

SQL>showparameterspfile

NAMETYPEVALUE

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

spfilestring/tmp/pfile.ora

SQL>shutdownabort

ORACLEinstanceshutdown.

SQL>exit

oracle 12c舍弃dbs下用init.ora中写spfile的路径，我估计是因为12c中有flex cluster。也就是说，instance1 可以跑到节点2主机，那么在节点2主机的dbs目录下，如果按照原来的模式，是有initsid2.ora这个文件，就调不起来instance 1。所以干脆就废弃使用dbs目录下的init文件了。