soap 的应用

用到的提供soap接口的网址是：
http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/

这个页面有多个方法可以通过soap调用,页面上也有说明.如果用IE的浏览器还能看到此网页提供的wsdl文件.要做soap的webservice首先要了解一些关于webservice和soap的一些基本知识.下面几个网址可能会帮你快速入门.

soap教程：
http://www.w3school.com.cn/soap/index.asp

使用WSDL发布WebService：
http://blog.csdn.net/meiqingsong/archive/2005/04/04/336057.aspx

为了便于理解,我先讲下soap的大体原理:我们在iphone封装soap请求信息,发送到某个提供soap服务的服务器,如下例中我们用到的http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/.服务器能接受和识别soap请求,当它接到请求,就根据客户端的请求情况调用服务器上的某个函数,并将函数返回结果封装成soap反馈信息发送给客户端.客户端接收到soap反馈信息后,进行解析处理,以用户能理解的形式呈现给用户.整个过程就这么简单.

好了,假设现在你已经有关于soap的基础知识(没有也没关系,看了例子,再理解就更好理解了),下面我们开始做soap的例子.

第一步,建一个Hello_SOAP项目.用IB将Hello_SOAPViewController.xib做成如下图的界面

然后在Hello_SOAPViewController.h中添加如下代码：

@interface Hello_SOAPViewController : UIViewController
{
        IBOutlet UITextField *nameInput;
        IBOutlet UILabel *greeting;
        NSMutableData *webData;
        NSMutableString *soapResults;
        NSXMLParser *xmlParser;
        BOOL recordResults;
}
@property(nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *nameInput;
@property(nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UILabel *greeting;
@property(nonatomic, retain) NSMutableData *webData;
@property(nonatomic, retain) NSMutableString *soapResults;
@property(nonatomic, retain) NSXMLParser *xmlParser;
-(IBAction)buttonClick: (id) sender;
- (void)getOffesetUTCTimeSOAP;

然后在Hello_SOAPViewController.xib中将两个输出口和一个动作连接好,这个不用手把手吧?
在Hello_SOAPViewController.m文件中加入以下方法 :

- (void)getOffesetUTCTimeSOAP
{
        recordResults = NO;
//封装soap请求消息
        NSString *soapMessage = [NSString stringWithFormat:
@"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>\n"
"<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">\n"
                                                         "<soap:Body>\n"
"<getOffesetUTCTime xmlns="http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/">\n"
                                                         "<hoursOffset>%@</hoursOffset>\n"
"</getOffesetUTCTime>\n"
"</soap:Body>\n"
"</soap:Envelope>\n",nameInput.text
                                                         ];
        NSLog(soapMessage);
//请求发送到的路径
        NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.nanonull.com/TimeService/TimeService.asmx"];
        NSMutableURLRequest *theRequest = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
        NSString *msgLength = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", [soapMessage length]];

//以下对请求信息添加属性前四句是必有的，第五句是soap信息。
        [theRequest addValue: @"text/xml; charset=utf-8" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
        [theRequest addValue: @"http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/getOffesetUTCTime" forHTTPHeaderField:@"SOAPAction"];

        [theRequest addValue: msgLength forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
        [theRequest setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
        [theRequest setHTTPBody: [soapMessage dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];

//请求
        NSURLConnection *theConnection = [[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:theRequest delegate:self];

//如果连接已经建好，则初始化data
        if( theConnection )
        {
                webData = [[NSMutableData data] retain];
        }
else
        {
                NSLog(@"theConnection is NULL");
        }


}

这个方法作用就是封装soap请求,并向服务器发送请求.
代码有注释.不重复讲解.soap并不难,难的是没有案例告诉我们怎么把其它平台的soap移植过来,这里我给出了代码,我相信对iphone开发人员的话应该能看懂了.我在下面会把此案例的源代码附上.如果自己做不出来再看我的代码.如果我这样讲您觉得不够细,那说明您的iphone开发还不是太深入,那么您应该用不到soap技术.可以飘过了.
下面的代码是接收信息并解析,显示到用户界面：

-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response
{
        [webData setLength: 0];
        NSLog(@"connection: didReceiveResponse:1");
}
-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data
{
        [webData appendData:data];
        NSLog(@"connection: didReceiveData:2");
}
//如果电脑没有连接网络，则出现此信息（不是网络服务器不通）
-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
{
        NSLog(@"ERROR with theConenction");
        [connection release];
        [webData release];
}
-(void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection
{
        NSLog(@"3 DONE. Received Bytes: %d", [webData length]);
        NSString *theXML = [[NSString alloc] initWithBytes: [webData mutableBytes] length:[webData length] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        NSLog(theXML);
        [theXML release];

//重新加載xmlParser
        if( xmlParser )
        {
                [xmlParser release];
        }

        xmlParser = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData: webData];
        [xmlParser setDelegate: self];
        [xmlParser setShouldResolveExternalEntities: YES];
        [xmlParser parse];

        [connection release];
//[webData release];
}
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *) namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName
attributes: (NSDictionary *)attributeDict
{
        NSLog(@"4 parser didStarElemen: namespaceURI: attributes:");
if( [elementName isEqualToString:@"getOffesetUTCTimeResult"])
        {
if(!soapResults)
                {
                        soapResults = [[NSMutableString alloc] init];
                }
                recordResults = YES;
        }

}
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string
{
        NSLog(@"5 parser: foundCharacters:");
if( recordResults )
        {
                [soapResults appendString: string];
        }
}
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName
{
        NSLog(@"6 parser: didEndElement:");
if( [elementName isEqualToString:@"getOffesetUTCTimeResult"])
        {
                recordResults = FALSE;
                greeting.text = [[[NSString init]stringWithFormat:@"第%@时区的时间是: ",nameInput.text] stringByAppendingString:soapResults];
                [soapResults release];
                soapResults = nil;
                NSLog(@"hoursOffset result");
        }

}
- (void)parserDidStartDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser{
        NSLog(@"-------------------start--------------");
}
- (void)parserDidEndDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser{
        NSLog(@"-------------------end--------------");
}

说明下:

-(void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection

这个方法是存储接收到的信息：

-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName

方法是显示接收的信息.
以上代码已经包括所有用到的代码.
如果一切顺利,应该有如下界面
1.打开界面

2.输入请求的时区

3.显示服务器反馈结果

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/pengyingh/articles/2379673.html