引言
项目中常用到将数据导入Excel，将Excel中的数据导入数据库的功能，曾经也查找过相关的内容，将曾经用过的方案总结一下。
方案一
NPOI
NPOI 是 POI 项目的 .NET 版本。POI是一个开源的Java读写Excel、WORD等微软OLE2组件文档的项目。
使用 NPOI 你就可以在没有安装 Office 或者相应环境的机器上对 WORD/EXCEL 文档进行读写。NPOI是构建在POI 3.x版本之上的，它可以在没有安装Office的情况下对Word/Excel文档进行读写操作。
优势
（一）传统操作Excel遇到的问题：
1、如果是.NET，需要在服务器端装Office，且及时更新它，以防漏洞，还需要设定权限允许.NET访问COM+，如果在导出过程中出问题可能导致服务器宕机。
2、Excel会把只包含数字的列进行类型转换，本来是文本型的，Excel会将其转成数值型的，比如编号000123会变成123。
3、导出时，如果字段内容以“-”或“=”开头，Excel会把它当成公式进行，会报错。
4、Excel会根据Excel文件前8行分析数据类型，如果正好你前8行某一列只是数字，那它会认为该列为数值型，自动将该列转变成类似1.42702E+17格式，日期列变成包含日期和数字的。
（二）使用NPOI的优势
1、您可以完全免费使用该框架
2、包含了大部分EXCEL的特性(单元格样式、数据格式、公式等等)
3、专业的技术支持服务(24*7全天候) (非免费)
4、支持处理的文件格式包括xls, xlsx, docx.
5、采用面向接口的设计架构( 可以查看 NPOI.SS 的命名空间)
6、同时支持文件的导入和导出
7、基于.net 2.0 也支持xlsx 和 docx格式(当然也支持.net 4.0)
8、来自全世界大量成功且真实的测试Cases
9、大量的实例代码
11、你不需要在服务器上安装微软的Office，可以避免版权问题。
12、使用起来比Office PIA的API更加方便，更人性化。
13、你不用去花大力气维护NPOI，NPOI Team会不断更新、改善NPOI，绝对省成本。
NPOI之所以强大，并不是因为它支持导出Excel，而是因为它支持导入Excel，并能“理解”OLE2文档结构，这也是其他一些Excel读写库比较弱的方面。通常，读入并理解结构远比导出来得复杂，因为导入你必须假设一切情况都是可能的，而生成你只要保证满足你自己需求就可以了，如果把导入需求和生成需求比做两个集合，那么生成需求通常都是导入需求的子集，这一规律不仅体现在Excel读写库中，也体现在pdf读写库中，目前市面上大部分的pdf库仅支持生成，不支持导入。
构成
NPOI 1.2.x主要由POIFS、DDF、HPSF、HSSF、SS、Util六部分组成。
|
NPOI.POIFS
|
OLE2/ActiveX文档属性读写库
|
|
NPOI.DDF
|
Microsoft Office Drawing读写库
|
|
NPOI.HPSF
|
OLE2/ActiveX文档读写库
|
|
NPOI.HSSF
|
Microsoft Excel BIFF(Excel 97-2003)格式读写库
|
|
NPOI.SS
|
Excel公用接口及Excel公式计算引擎
|
|
NPOI.Util
|
基础类库，提供了很多实用功能，可用于其他读写文件格式项目的开发
|
NPOI组成部分
NPOI 1.x的最新版为NPOI 1.2.5，其中包括了以下功能：
1、读写
OLE2文档
2、读写
DocummentSummaryInformation和
SummaryInformation
3、基于
LittleEndian的字节读写
4、读写
Excel BIFF格式
5、识别并读写
Excel BIFF中的常见
Record，如RowRecord, StyleRecord, ExtendedFormatRecord
6、支持设置单元格的高、宽、样式等
7、支持调用部分
Excel内建函数，比如说
sum, countif以及计算符号
8、支持在生成的
XLS内嵌入打印设置，比如说横向/纵向打印、缩放、使用的纸张等。
NPOI 2.0主要由SS, HPSF, DDF, HSSF, XWPF, XSSF, OpenXml4Net, OpenXmlFormats组成，具体列表如下：
| Assembly名称 | 模块/命名空间 | 说明 |
| NPOI.DLL |
NPOI.POIFS
|
OLE2/ActiveX文档属性读写库
|
| NPOI.DLL |
NPOI.DDF
|
微软Office Drawing读写库
|
| NPOI.DLL |
NPOI.HPSF
|
OLE2/ActiveX文档读写库
|
| NPOI.DLL |
NPOI.HSSF
|
微软Excel BIFF(Excel 97-2003, doc)格式读写库
|
| NPOI.DLL |
NPOI.SS
|
Excel公用接口及Excel公式计算引擎
|
| NPOI.DLL |
NPOI.Util
|
基础类库，提供了很多实用功能，可用于其他读写文件格式项目的开发
|
| NPOI.OOXML.DLL | NPOI.XSSF | Excel 2007(xlsx)格式读写库 |
| NPOI.OOXML.DLL | NPOI.XWPF | Word 2007(docx)格式读写库 |
| NPOI.OpenXml4Net.DLL | NPOI.OpenXml4Net | OpenXml底层zip包读写库 |
| NPOI.OpenXmlFormats.DLL | NPOI.OpenXmlFormats | 微软Office OpenXml对象关系库 |
(以上内容来自百度百科）从上表可知NPOI组件已支持excel2007，记得之前用的时候只支持excel2003。很久没研究过这玩意儿了。
案例
官网地址：http://npoi.codeplex.com/，可以从官网下载NPOI2.X版本的。
首先引入
ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.dll
NPOI.dll
NPOI.OOXML.dll
NPOI.OpenXml4Net.dll
NPOI.OpenXmlFormats.dll
然后引入命名空间：
using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel; using NPOI.SS.UserModel; using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
辅助类
using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel; using NPOI.SS.UserModel; using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Data; using System.IO; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using NPOI.SS.Formula.Eval; namespace Wolfy.Common { /// <summary> /// 使用NPOI组件 /// 需引入ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.dll/NPOI.dll/NPOI.OOXML.dll/NPOI.OpenXml4Net.dll/NPOI.OpenXmlFormats.dll /// office2007 /// </summary> public class NPOIExcelHelper { /// <summary> /// 将Excel文件中的数据读出到DataTable中 /// </summary> /// <param name="file"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static DataTable Excel2DataTable(string file, string sheetName, string tableName) { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); IWorkbook workbook = null; using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)) { //office2003 HSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fs); } ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheet(sheetName); dt = Export2DataTable(sheet, 0, true); return dt; } /// <summary> /// 将指定sheet中的数据导入到datatable中 /// </summary> /// <param name="sheet">指定需要导出的sheet</param> /// <param name="HeaderRowIndex">列头所在的行号，-1没有列头</param> /// <param name="needHeader"></param> /// <returns></returns> private static DataTable Export2DataTable(ISheet sheet, int HeaderRowIndex, bool needHeader) { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); XSSFRow headerRow = null; int cellCount; try { if (HeaderRowIndex < 0 || !needHeader) { headerRow = sheet.GetRow(0) as XSSFRow; cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum; for (int i = headerRow.FirstCellNum; i <= cellCount; i++) { DataColumn column = new DataColumn(Convert.ToString(i)); dt.Columns.Add(column); } } else { headerRow = sheet.GetRow(HeaderRowIndex) as XSSFRow; cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum; for (int i = headerRow.FirstCellNum; i <= cellCount; i++) { ICell cell = headerRow.GetCell(i); if (cell == null) { break;//到最后 跳出循环 } else { DataColumn column = new DataColumn(headerRow.GetCell(i).ToString()); dt.Columns.Add(column); } } } int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum; for (int i = HeaderRowIndex + 1; i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++) { XSSFRow row = null; if (sheet.GetRow(i) == null) { row = sheet.CreateRow(i) as XSSFRow; } else { row = sheet.GetRow(i) as XSSFRow; } DataRow dtRow = dt.NewRow(); for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j <= cellCount; j++) { if (row.GetCell(j) != null) { switch (row.GetCell(j).CellType) { case CellType.Boolean: dtRow[j] = Convert.ToString(row.GetCell(j).BooleanCellValue); break; case CellType.Error: dtRow[j] = ErrorEval.GetText(row.GetCell(j).ErrorCellValue); break; case CellType.Formula: switch (row.GetCell(j).CachedFormulaResultType) { case CellType.Boolean: dtRow[j] = Convert.ToString(row.GetCell(j).BooleanCellValue); break; case CellType.Error: dtRow[j] = ErrorEval.GetText(row.GetCell(j).ErrorCellValue); break; case CellType.Numeric: dtRow[j] = Convert.ToString(row.GetCell(j).NumericCellValue); break; case CellType.String: string strFORMULA = row.GetCell(j).StringCellValue; if (strFORMULA != null && strFORMULA.Length > 0) { dtRow[j] = strFORMULA.ToString(); } else { dtRow[j] = null; } break; default: dtRow[j] = ""; break; } break; case CellType.Numeric: if (DateUtil.IsCellDateFormatted(row.GetCell(j))) { dtRow[j] = DateTime.FromOADate(row.GetCell(j).NumericCellValue); } else { dtRow[j] = Convert.ToDouble(row.GetCell(j).NumericCellValue); } break; case CellType.String: string str = row.GetCell(j).StringCellValue; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(str)) { dtRow[j] = Convert.ToString(str); } else { dtRow[j] = null; } break; default: dtRow[j] = ""; break; } } } dt.Rows.Add(dtRow); } } catch (Exception) { return null; } return dt; } /// <summary> /// 将DataTable中的数据导入Excel文件中 /// </summary> /// <param name="dt"></param> /// <param name="file"></param> public static void DataTable2Excel(DataTable dt, string file, string sheetName) { IWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(); ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(sheetName); IRow header = sheet.CreateRow(0); for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++) { ICell cell = header.CreateCell(i); cell.SetCellValue(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName); } //数据 for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++) { IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(i + 1); for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++) { ICell cell = row.CreateCell(j); cell.SetCellValue(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString()); } } MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(); workbook.Write(stream); byte[] buffer = stream.ToArray(); using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write)) { fs.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); fs.Flush(); } } /// <summary> /// 获取单元格类型 /// </summary> /// <param name="cell"></param> /// <returns></returns> private static object GetValueType(XSSFCell cell) { if (cell == null) { return null; } switch (cell.CellType) { case CellType.Blank: return null; case CellType.Boolean: return cell.BooleanCellValue; case CellType.Error: return cell.ErrorCellValue; case CellType.Numeric: return cell.NumericCellValue; case CellType.String: return cell.StringCellValue; case CellType.Formula: default: return "=" + cell.StringCellValue; } } } }
参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/Joetao/articles/3247909.html
测试结果
导入Excel，student.xlsx
导入DataTable，这里只将数据导入DataTable，导入数据库部分，就不再写了。
测试数据，向qq群里一朋友要的。大概有5w多条，lz机子是老爷机跑不起，只导出了其中的1k条。
方案二
利用office的com组件
首先添加com引用
引入命名空间
using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
Com操作Excel辅助类
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web; using System.Data; namespace Wolfy.Common { /// <summary> /// 使用com组件 操作Excel /// </summary> public class ComExcelHelper { private Excel.Application appExcel = null; private Excel.Workbook workbook = null; private Excel.Worksheet sheet = null; private DateTime dtBefore; private DateTime dtAfter; private string filePath; public string FilePath { get { return filePath; } set { filePath = value; } } private string timestamp; /// <summary> /// 以时间字符串作为保存文件的名称 /// </summary> public string Timestamp { get { return timestamp; } set { timestamp = value; } } private object mValue = System.Reflection.Missing.Value; /// <summary> ///是否打开Excel界面 /// </summary> public bool Visible { set { appExcel.Visible = value; } } public ComExcelHelper() { this.dtBefore = DateTime.Now; appExcel = new Excel.Application(); this.dtAfter = DateTime.Now; this.timestamp = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString().Replace("-", "") + DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString().Replace("-", "") + DateTime.Now.Second.ToString() + DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString(); } public ComExcelHelper(string strFilePath) { this.dtBefore = DateTime.Now; appExcel = new Excel.Application(); this.dtAfter = DateTime.Now; this.workbook = (Excel.Workbook)appExcel.Workbooks.Open(strFilePath, mValue, false, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue); this.timestamp = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString().Replace("-", "") + DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString().Replace("-", "") + DateTime.Now.Second.ToString() + DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString(); } public void Dispose() { try { System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(sheet); sheet = null; workbook.Close(false, mValue, mValue); System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbook); workbook = null; appExcel.Quit(); System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(appExcel); appExcel = null; GC.Collect(); GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers(); } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } finally { foreach (System.Diagnostics.Process pro in System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessesByName("Excel")) { if (pro.StartTime > this.dtBefore && pro.StartTime < this.dtAfter) { pro.Kill(); } } } System.GC.SuppressFinalize(this); } /// <summary> /// 加载Excel /// </summary> public void Load() { if (workbook == null && this.filePath != null) { workbook = appExcel.Workbooks.Open(this.filePath, mValue, false, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue); } } /// <summary> /// 加载Excel /// </summary> public void Load(string strFilePath) { if (workbook == null) { workbook = appExcel.Workbooks.Open(strFilePath, mValue, false, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue); } } /// <summary> /// 新建工作表 /// </summary> /// <param name="sheetName"></param> public void NewWorkSheet(string sheetName) { sheet = workbook.Sheets.Add(workbook.Sheets[1], mValue, mValue, mValue); sheet.Name = sheetName; } /// <summary> /// 在指定的单元格插入指定的值 /// </summary> /// <param name="strCell">单元格 如"A4"</param> /// <param name="objValue">文本 数字等值</param> public void WriteCell(string strCell, object objValue) { sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Value2 = objValue; } /// <summary> /// 在指定Range中插入指定的值 /// </summary> /// <param name="strStartCell">Range的开始单元格</param> /// <param name="strEndCell">Range的结束单元格</param> /// <param name="objValue">文本、数字等值</param> public void WriteRange(string strStartCell, string strEndCell, object objValue) { sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Value2 = objValue; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 合并单元格，并在合并后的单元格中插入指定的值 /// </summary> /// <param name="strStartCell"></param> /// <param name="strEndCell"></param> /// <param name="objValue"></param> public void WriteAfterMerge(string strStartCell, string strEndCell, object objValue) { sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Merge(mValue); sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, mValue).Value2 = objValue; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 在连续单元格中插入一个DataTable中的值 /// </summary> /// <param name="strStartCell">开始的单元格</param> /// <param name="dtData">存储数据的DataTable</param> public void WriteTable(string strStartCell, System.Data.DataTable dtData) { object[,] arrData = new object[dtData.Rows.Count, dtData.Columns.Count]; for (int i = 0; i < dtData.Rows.Count; i++) for (int j = 0; j < dtData.Columns.Count; j++) arrData[i, j] = dtData.Rows[i][j]; sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, this.GetEndCell(strStartCell, dtData.Rows.Count - 1, dtData.Columns.Count - 1)).Value2 = arrData; arrData = null; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 在连续单元格中插入一个DataTable并作超级链接 /// </summary> /// <param name="strStartCell">起始单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="dtData">存储数据的DataTable</param> /// <param name="strLinkField">链接的地址字段</param> /// <param name="strTextField">链接的文本字段</param> public void WriteTableAndLink(string strStartCell, System.Data.DataTable dtData, string strLinkField, string strTextField) { object[,] arrData = new object[dtData.Rows.Count, dtData.Columns.Count - 1]; for (int i = 0; i < dtData.Rows.Count; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < dtData.Columns.Count; j++) { if (j > dtData.Columns.IndexOf(strLinkField)) arrData[i, j - 1] = dtData.Rows[i][j]; else if (j < dtData.Columns.IndexOf(strLinkField)) arrData[i, j] = dtData.Rows[i][j]; } } sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, this.GetEndCell(strStartCell, dtData.Rows.Count - 1, dtData.Columns.Count - 2)).Value2 = arrData; for (int i = 0; i < dtData.Rows.Count; i++) this.AddHyperLink(this.NtoL(this.LtoN(this.GetCellLetter(strStartCell)) + dtData.Columns.IndexOf(strTextField)) + System.Convert.ToString(this.GetCellNumber(strStartCell) + i), dtData.Rows[i][strLinkField].ToString() + ".htm", "点击查看详细", dtData.Rows[i][strTextField].ToString()); arrData = null; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 为单元格设置公式 /// </summary> /// <param name="strCell">单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="strFormula">公式</param> public void SetFormula(string strCell, string strFormula) { sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Formula = strFormula; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置单元格或连续区域的字体为黑体 /// </summary> /// <param name="strCell">单元格标识符</param> public void SetBold(string strCell) { sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Font.Bold = true; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置连续区域的字体为黑体 /// </summary> /// <param name="strStartCell">开始单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="strEndCell">结束单元格标识符</param> public void SetBold(string strStartCell, string strEndCell) { sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Font.Bold = true; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置单元格或连续区域的字体颜色 /// </summary> /// <param name="strCell">单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="clrColor">颜色</param> public void SetColor(string strCell, System.Drawing.Color clrColor) { sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Font.Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(clrColor); } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置连续区域的字体颜色 /// </summary> /// <param name="strStartCell">开始单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="strEndCell">结束单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="clrColor">颜色</param> public void SetColor(string strStartCell, string strEndCell, System.Drawing.Color clrColor) { sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Font.Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(clrColor); } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置单元格或连续区域的边框：上下左右都为黑色连续边框 /// </summary> /// <param name="strCell">单元格标识符</param> public void SetBorderAll(string strCell) { sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray); sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous; sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray); sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous; sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray); sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous; sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray); sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous; sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray); sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous; sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray); sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置连续区域的边框：上下左右都为黑色连续边框 /// </summary> /// <param name="strStartCell">开始单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="strEndCell">结束单元格标识符</param> public void SetBorderAll(string strStartCell, string strEndCell) { sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray); sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous; sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray); sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous; sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray); sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous; sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray); sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous; sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray); sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous; sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray); sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置单元格或连续区域水平居左 /// </summary> /// <param name="strCell">单元格标识符</param> public void SetHAlignLeft(string strCell) { sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).HorizontalAlignment = Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignLeft; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置连续区域水平居左 /// </summary> /// <param name="strStartCell">开始单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="strEndCell">结束单元格标识符</param> public void SetHAlignLeft(string strStartCell, string strEndCell) { sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).HorizontalAlignment = Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignLeft; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置单元格或连续区域水平居左 /// </summary> /// <param name="strCell">单元格标识符</param> public void SetHAlignCenter(string strCell) { sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).HorizontalAlignment = Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置连续区域水平居中 /// </summary> /// <param name="strStartCell">开始单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="strEndCell">结束单元格标识符</param> public void SetHAlignCenter(string strStartCell, string strEndCell) { sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).HorizontalAlignment = Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置单元格或连续区域水平居右 /// </summary> /// <param name="strCell">单元格标识符</param> public void SetHAlignRight(string strCell) { sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).HorizontalAlignment = Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignRight; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置连续区域水平居右 /// </summary> /// <param name="strStartCell">开始单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="strEndCell">结束单元格标识符</param> public void SetHAlignRight(string strStartCell, string strEndCell) { sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).HorizontalAlignment = Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignRight; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置单元格或连续区域的显示格式 /// </summary> /// <param name="strCell">单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="strNF">如"#,##0.00"的显示格式</param> public void SetNumberFormat(string strCell, string strNF) { sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).NumberFormat = strNF; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置连续区域的显示格式 /// </summary> /// <param name="strStartCell">开始单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="strEndCell">结束单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="strNF">如"#,##0.00"的显示格式</param> public void SetNumberFormat(string strStartCell, string strEndCell, string strNF) { sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).NumberFormat = strNF; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置单元格或连续区域的字体大小 /// </summary> /// <param name="strCell">单元格或连续区域标识符</param> /// <param name="intFontSize"></param> public void SetFontSize(string strCell, int intFontSize) { sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue).Font.Size = intFontSize.ToString(); } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置连续区域的字体大小 /// </summary> /// <param name="strStartCell">开始单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="strEndCell">结束单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="intFontSize">字体大小</param> public void SetFontSize(string strStartCell, string strEndCell, int intFontSize) { sheet.get_Range(strStartCell, strEndCell).Font.Size = intFontSize.ToString(); } /**/ /// <summary> /// 设置列宽 /// </summary> /// <param name="strColID">列标识，如A代表第一列</param> /// <param name="decWidth">宽度</param> public void SetColumnWidth(string strColID, double dblWidth) { ((Excel.Range)sheet.Columns.GetType().InvokeMember("Item", System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, sheet.Columns, new object[] { (strColID + ":" + strColID).ToString() })).ColumnWidth = dblWidth; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 为单元格添加超级链接 /// </summary> /// <param name="strCell">单元格标识符</param> /// <param name="strAddress">链接地址</param> /// <param name="strTip">屏幕提示</param> /// <param name="strText">链接文本</param> public void AddHyperLink(string strCell, string strAddress, string strTip, string strText) { sheet.Hyperlinks.Add(sheet.get_Range(strCell, mValue), strAddress, mValue, strTip, strText); } /**/ /// <summary> /// 已知开始的单元格标识，求intR行、intColumn列后的单元格标识 /// </summary> /// <param name="strStartCell">开始单元格标识</param> /// <param name="intR">行数</param> /// <param name="intC">列数</param> /// <returns>单元格标识符结果</returns> public string GetEndCell(string strStartCell, int intR, int intC) { string endcell = string.Empty; System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex regex = new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(@"^(?<vLetter>[A-Z]+)(?<vNumber>\d+)"); if (regex.IsMatch(strStartCell)) { endcell = this.NtoL(this.LtoN(regex.Match(strStartCell).Result("${vLetter}")) + intC) + System.Convert.ToString((System.Convert.ToInt32(regex.Match(strStartCell).Result("${vNumber}")) + intR)); } return endcell; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 获取单元格标识符中的字母 /// </summary> /// <param name="strCell">单元格标识符</param> /// <returns>单元格标识符对应的字母</returns> public string GetCellLetter(string strCell) { System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex regex = new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(@"^(?<vLetter>[A-Z]+)(?<vNumber>\d+)"); return regex.Match(strCell).Result("${vLetter}"); } /**/ /// <summary> /// 获取单元格标识符中的数字 /// </summary> /// <param name="strCell">单元格标识符</param> public int GetCellNumber(string strCell) { System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex regex = new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(@"^(?<vLetter>[A-Z]+)(?<vNumber>\d+)"); return System.Convert.ToInt32(regex.Match(strCell).Result("${vNumber}")); } /**/ /// <summary> /// 另存为xls文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="strFilePath">文件路径</param> public void SaveAs(string strFilePath) { workbook.SaveCopyAs(strFilePath); } /**/ /// <summary> /// 另存为xls文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="strFilePath">文件路径</param> public void Save() { workbook.Save(); } /// <summary> /// 将Excel中的数据 读入DataTable中 /// </summary> /// <param name="filePath">excel文件的路径</param> /// <param name="dtName">datatable的名字</param> /// <param name="headName">表头，以逗号分隔</param> /// <returns></returns> public DataTable ReadExcel2DataTable(string filePath, string dtName, string headName) { workbook = this.appExcel.Workbooks.Open(filePath, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue); sheet = workbook.Worksheets.get_Item(1); DataTable dt = new DataTable(dtName); string[] heads = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(headName) ? headName.Split(',') : null; if (heads != null) { for (int i = 0; i < heads.Length; i++) { DataColumn column = new DataColumn(heads[i]); //这里没对类型 进行处理 dt.Columns.Add(column); } for (int i = 0; i <= sheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count; i++) { DataRow dr = dt.NewRow(); for (int j = 0; j < heads.Length; j++) { string cellString = NtoL(j + 1); dr[heads[j]] = sheet.get_Range(cellString + (i + 1)).Value2; } dt.Rows.Add(dr); } } else { for (int i = 0; i <= sheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count; i++) { DataRow dr = dt.NewRow(); for (int j = 0; j <= sheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count; j++) { dr[j + 1] = sheet.get_Range(NtoL(j + 1) + (i + 1)).Value2; } dt.Rows.Add(dr); } } return dt; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 另存为html文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="strFilePath">文件路径</param> public void SaveHtml(string strFilePath) { workbook.SaveAs(strFilePath, Excel.XlFileFormat.xlHtml, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue); } public void CreateHtmlFile() { } /**/ /// <summary> /// 字母转换为数字，Excel列头，如A-1;AA-27 /// </summary> /// <param name="strLetter">字母</param> /// <returns>字母对应的数字</returns> private int LtoN(string strLetter) { int intRtn = 0; string strLetters = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"; if (strLetter.Length == 2) intRtn += (strLetters.IndexOf(strLetter.Substring(0, 1)) + 1) * 26; intRtn += strLetters.IndexOf(strLetter.Substring(strLetter.Length - 1, 1)) + 1; return intRtn; } /**/ /// <summary> /// 数字转换为字母，Excel列头，如1-A;27-AA /// </summary> /// <param name="intNumber">数字</param> /// <returns>数字对应的字母</returns> private string NtoL(int intNumber) { if (intNumber > 702) return String.Empty; if (intNumber == 702) return "ZZ"; string strRtn = String.Empty; string strLetters = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"; if (intNumber > 26) strRtn = strLetters.Substring(intNumber / 26 - 1, 1); strRtn += strLetters.Substring((intNumber % 26) - 1, 1); return strRtn; } } }
参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/waxdoll/archive/2005/10/28/264071.html
DataTable导入Excel
Excel读入DataTable
这里未对类型进行处理，datetime类型的数据会转换成数值类型的
方案三
将Excel数据表当作数据源，通过 OleDb来实现。
同样需要引入Microsoft Excel 14.0 Object Library
分享一个操作类：
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections; 3 using System.Collections.Generic; 4 using System.Data; 5 using System.Data.OleDb; 6 using System.IO; 7 using System.Linq; 8 using System.Text; 9 using System.Threading.Tasks; 10 using System.Web; 11 using System.Web.UI; 12 using System.Web.UI.WebControls; 13 14 namespace Wolfy.Common 15 { 16 class OleDbExcelHelper 17 { 18 #region 数据导出至Excel文件 19 /// </summary> 20 /// 导出Excel文件，自动返回可下载的文件流 21 /// </summary> 22 public static void DataTable1Excel(System.Data.DataTable dtData) 23 { 24 GridView gvExport = null; 25 HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current; 26 StringWriter strWriter = null; 27 HtmlTextWriter htmlWriter = null; 28 if (dtData != null) 29 { 30 curContext.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"; 31 curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"); 32 curContext.Response.Charset = "utf-8"; 33 strWriter = new StringWriter(); 34 htmlWriter = new HtmlTextWriter(strWriter); 35 gvExport = new GridView(); 36 gvExport.DataSource = dtData.DefaultView; 37 gvExport.AllowPaging = false; 38 gvExport.DataBind(); 39 gvExport.RenderControl(htmlWriter); 40 curContext.Response.Write("<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html;charset=gb2312\"/>" + strWriter.ToString()); 41 curContext.Response.End(); 42 } 43 } 44 45 /// <summary> 46 /// 导出Excel文件，转换为可读模式 47 /// </summary> 48 public static void DataTable2Excel(System.Data.DataTable dtData) 49 { 50 DataGrid dgExport = null; 51 HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current; 52 StringWriter strWriter = null; 53 HtmlTextWriter htmlWriter = null; 54 55 if (dtData != null) 56 { 57 curContext.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"; 58 curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8; 59 curContext.Response.Charset = ""; 60 strWriter = new StringWriter(); 61 htmlWriter = new HtmlTextWriter(strWriter); 62 dgExport = new DataGrid(); 63 dgExport.DataSource = dtData.DefaultView; 64 dgExport.AllowPaging = false; 65 dgExport.DataBind(); 66 dgExport.RenderControl(htmlWriter); 67 curContext.Response.Write(strWriter.ToString()); 68 curContext.Response.End(); 69 } 70 } 71 72 /// <summary> 73 /// 导出Excel文件，并自定义文件名 74 /// </summary> 75 public static void DataTable3Excel(System.Data.DataTable dtData, String FileName) 76 { 77 GridView dgExport = null; 78 HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current; 79 StringWriter strWriter = null; 80 HtmlTextWriter htmlWriter = null; 81 82 if (dtData != null) 83 { 84 HttpUtility.UrlEncode(FileName, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8); 85 curContext.Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(FileName, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8) + ".xls"); 86 curContext.Response.ContentType = "application nd.ms-excel"; 87 curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8; 88 curContext.Response.Charset = "GB2312"; 89 strWriter = new StringWriter(); 90 htmlWriter = new HtmlTextWriter(strWriter); 91 dgExport = new GridView(); 92 dgExport.DataSource = dtData.DefaultView; 93 dgExport.AllowPaging = false; 94 dgExport.DataBind(); 95 dgExport.RenderControl(htmlWriter); 96 curContext.Response.Write(strWriter.ToString()); 97 curContext.Response.End(); 98 } 99 } 100 101 /// <summary> 102 /// 将数据导出至Excel文件 103 /// </summary> 104 /// <param name="Table">DataTable对象</param> 105 /// <param name="ExcelFilePath">Excel文件路径</param> 106 public static bool OutputToExcel(System.Data.DataTable Table, string ExcelFilePath) 107 { 108 if (File.Exists(ExcelFilePath)) 109 { 110 throw new Exception("该文件已经存在！"); 111 } 112 113 if ((Table.TableName.Trim().Length == 0) || (Table.TableName.ToLower() == "table")) 114 { 115 Table.TableName = "Sheet1"; 116 } 117 118 //数据表的列数 119 int ColCount = Table.Columns.Count; 120 121 //用于记数，实例化参数时的序号 122 int i = 0; 123 124 //创建参数 125 OleDbParameter[] para = new OleDbParameter[ColCount]; 126 127 //创建表结构的SQL语句 128 string TableStructStr = @"Create Table " + Table.TableName + "("; 129 130 //连接字符串 131 string connString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFilePath + ";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;"; 132 OleDbConnection objConn = new OleDbConnection(connString); 133 134 //创建表结构 135 OleDbCommand objCmd = new OleDbCommand(); 136 137 //数据类型集合 138 ArrayList DataTypeList = new ArrayList(); 139 DataTypeList.Add("System.Decimal"); 140 DataTypeList.Add("System.Double"); 141 DataTypeList.Add("System.Int16"); 142 DataTypeList.Add("System.Int32"); 143 DataTypeList.Add("System.Int64"); 144 DataTypeList.Add("System.Single"); 145 146 //遍历数据表的所有列，用于创建表结构 147 foreach (DataColumn col in Table.Columns) 148 { 149 //如果列属于数字列，则设置该列的数据类型为double 150 if (DataTypeList.IndexOf(col.DataType.ToString()) >= 0) 151 { 152 para[i] = new OleDbParameter("@" + col.ColumnName, OleDbType.Double); 153 objCmd.Parameters.Add(para[i]); 154 155 //如果是最后一列 156 if (i + 1 == ColCount) 157 { 158 TableStructStr += col.ColumnName + " double)"; 159 } 160 else 161 { 162 TableStructStr += col.ColumnName + " double,"; 163 } 164 } 165 else 166 { 167 para[i] = new OleDbParameter("@" + col.ColumnName, OleDbType.VarChar); 168 objCmd.Parameters.Add(para[i]); 169 170 //如果是最后一列 171 if (i + 1 == ColCount) 172 { 173 TableStructStr += col.ColumnName + " varchar)"; 174 } 175 else 176 { 177 TableStructStr += col.ColumnName + " varchar,"; 178 } 179 } 180 i++; 181 } 182 183 //创建Excel文件及文件结构 184 try 185 { 186 objCmd.Connection = objConn; 187 objCmd.CommandText = TableStructStr; 188 189 if (objConn.State == ConnectionState.Closed) 190 { 191 objConn.Open(); 192 } 193 objCmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 194 } 195 catch (Exception exp) 196 { 197 throw exp; 198 } 199 200 //插入记录的SQL语句 201 string InsertSql_1 = "Insert into " + Table.TableName + " ("; 202 string InsertSql_2 = " Values ("; 203 string InsertSql = ""; 204 205 //遍历所有列，用于插入记录，在此创建插入记录的SQL语句 206 for (int colID = 0; colID < ColCount; colID++) 207 { 208 if (colID + 1 == ColCount) //最后一列 209 { 210 InsertSql_1 += Table.Columns[colID].ColumnName + ")"; 211 InsertSql_2 += "@" + Table.Columns[colID].ColumnName + ")"; 212 } 213 else 214 { 215 InsertSql_1 += Table.Columns[colID].ColumnName + ","; 216 InsertSql_2 += "@" + Table.Columns[colID].ColumnName + ","; 217 } 218 } 219 220 InsertSql = InsertSql_1 + InsertSql_2; 221 222 //遍历数据表的所有数据行 223 for (int rowID = 0; rowID < Table.Rows.Count; rowID++) 224 { 225 for (int colID = 0; colID < ColCount; colID++) 226 { 227 if (para[colID].DbType == DbType.Double && Table.Rows[rowID][colID].ToString().Trim() == "") 228 { 229 para[colID].Value = 0; 230 } 231 else 232 { 233 para[colID].Value = Table.Rows[rowID][colID].ToString().Trim(); 234 } 235 } 236 try 237 { 238 objCmd.CommandText = InsertSql; 239 objCmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 240 } 241 catch (Exception exp) 242 { 243 string str = exp.Message; 244 } 245 } 246 try 247 { 248 if (objConn.State == ConnectionState.Open) 249 { 250 objConn.Close(); 251 } 252 } 253 catch (Exception exp) 254 { 255 throw exp; 256 } 257 return true; 258 } 259 260 /// <summary> 261 /// 将数据导出至Excel文件 262 /// </summary> 263 /// <param name="Table">DataTable对象</param> 264 /// <param name="Columns">要导出的数据列集合</param> 265 /// <param name="ExcelFilePath">Excel文件路径</param> 266 public static bool OutputToExcel(System.Data.DataTable Table, ArrayList Columns, string ExcelFilePath) 267 { 268 if (File.Exists(ExcelFilePath)) 269 { 270 throw new Exception("该文件已经存在！"); 271 } 272 273 //如果数据列数大于表的列数，取数据表的所有列 274 if (Columns.Count > Table.Columns.Count) 275 { 276 for (int s = Table.Columns.Count + 1; s <= Columns.Count; s++) 277 { 278 Columns.RemoveAt(s); //移除数据表列数后的所有列 279 } 280 } 281 282 //遍历所有的数据列，如果有数据列的数据类型不是 DataColumn，则将它移除 283 DataColumn column = new DataColumn(); 284 for (int j = 0; j < Columns.Count; j++) 285 { 286 try 287 { 288 column = (DataColumn)Columns[j]; 289 } 290 catch (Exception) 291 { 292 Columns.RemoveAt(j); 293 } 294 } 295 if ((Table.TableName.Trim().Length == 0) || (Table.TableName.ToLower() == "table")) 296 { 297 Table.TableName = "Sheet1"; 298 } 299 300 //数据表的列数 301 int ColCount = Columns.Count; 302 303 //创建参数 304 OleDbParameter[] para = new OleDbParameter[ColCount]; 305 306 //创建表结构的SQL语句 307 string TableStructStr = @"Create Table " + Table.TableName + "("; 308 309 //连接字符串 310 string connString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFilePath + ";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;"; 311 OleDbConnection objConn = new OleDbConnection(connString); 312 313 //创建表结构 314 OleDbCommand objCmd = new OleDbCommand(); 315 316 //数据类型集合 317 ArrayList DataTypeList = new ArrayList(); 318 DataTypeList.Add("System.Decimal"); 319 DataTypeList.Add("System.Double"); 320 DataTypeList.Add("System.Int16"); 321 DataTypeList.Add("System.Int32"); 322 DataTypeList.Add("System.Int64"); 323 DataTypeList.Add("System.Single"); 324 325 DataColumn col = new DataColumn(); 326 327 //遍历数据表的所有列，用于创建表结构 328 for (int k = 0; k < ColCount; k++) 329 { 330 col = (DataColumn)Columns[k]; 331 332 //列的数据类型是数字型 333 if (DataTypeList.IndexOf(col.DataType.ToString().Trim()) >= 0) 334 { 335 para[k] = new OleDbParameter("@" + col.Caption.Trim(), OleDbType.Double); 336 objCmd.Parameters.Add(para[k]); 337 338 //如果是最后一列 339 if (k + 1 == ColCount) 340 { 341 TableStructStr += col.Caption.Trim() + " Double)"; 342 } 343 else 344 { 345 TableStructStr += col.Caption.Trim() + " Double,"; 346 } 347 } 348 else 349 { 350 para[k] = new OleDbParameter("@" + col.Caption.Trim(), OleDbType.VarChar); 351 objCmd.Parameters.Add(para[k]); 352 353 //如果是最后一列 354 if (k + 1 == ColCount) 355 { 356 TableStructStr += col.Caption.Trim() + " VarChar)"; 357 } 358 else 359 { 360 TableStructStr += col.Caption.Trim() + " VarChar,"; 361 } 362 } 363 } 364 365 //创建Excel文件及文件结构 366 try 367 { 368 objCmd.Connection = objConn; 369 objCmd.CommandText = TableStructStr; 370 371 if (objConn.State == ConnectionState.Closed) 372 { 373 objConn.Open(); 374 } 375 objCmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 376 } 377 catch (Exception exp) 378 { 379 throw exp; 380 } 381 382 //插入记录的SQL语句 383 string InsertSql_1 = "Insert into " + Table.TableName + " ("; 384 string InsertSql_2 = " Values ("; 385 string InsertSql = ""; 386 387 //遍历所有列，用于插入记录，在此创建插入记录的SQL语句 388 for (int colID = 0; colID < ColCount; colID++) 389 { 390 if (colID + 1 == ColCount) //最后一列 391 { 392 InsertSql_1 += Columns[colID].ToString().Trim() + ")"; 393 InsertSql_2 += "@" + Columns[colID].ToString().Trim() + ")"; 394 } 395 else 396 { 397 InsertSql_1 += Columns[colID].ToString().Trim() + ","; 398 InsertSql_2 += "@" + Columns[colID].ToString().Trim() + ","; 399 } 400 } 401 402 InsertSql = InsertSql_1 + InsertSql_2; 403 404 //遍历数据表的所有数据行 405 DataColumn DataCol = new DataColumn(); 406 for (int rowID = 0; rowID < Table.Rows.Count; rowID++) 407 { 408 for (int colID = 0; colID < ColCount; colID++) 409 { 410 //因为列不连续，所以在取得单元格时不能用行列编号，列需得用列的名称 411 DataCol = (DataColumn)Columns[colID]; 412 if (para[colID].DbType == DbType.Double && Table.Rows[rowID][DataCol.Caption].ToString().Trim() == "") 413 { 414 para[colID].Value = 0; 415 } 416 else 417 { 418 para[colID].Value = Table.Rows[rowID][DataCol.Caption].ToString().Trim(); 419 } 420 } 421 try 422 { 423 objCmd.CommandText = InsertSql; 424 objCmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 425 } 426 catch (Exception exp) 427 { 428 string str = exp.Message; 429 } 430 } 431 try 432 { 433 if (objConn.State == ConnectionState.Open) 434 { 435 objConn.Close(); 436 } 437 } 438 catch (Exception exp) 439 { 440 throw exp; 441 } 442 return true; 443 } 444 #endregion 445 446 /// <summary> 447 /// 获取Excel文件数据表列表 448 /// </summary> 449 public static ArrayList GetExcelTables(string ExcelFileName) 450 { 451 System.Data.DataTable dt = new System.Data.DataTable(); 452 ArrayList TablesList = new ArrayList(); 453 if (File.Exists(ExcelFileName)) 454 { 455 using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFileName)) 456 { 457 try 458 { 459 conn.Open(); 460 dt = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "TABLE" }); 461 } 462 catch (Exception exp) 463 { 464 throw exp; 465 } 466 467 //获取数据表个数 468 int tablecount = dt.Rows.Count; 469 for (int i = 0; i < tablecount; i++) 470 { 471 string tablename = dt.Rows[i][2].ToString().Trim().TrimEnd('$'); 472 if (TablesList.IndexOf(tablename) < 0) 473 { 474 TablesList.Add(tablename); 475 } 476 } 477 } 478 } 479 return TablesList; 480 } 481 482 /// <summary> 483 /// 将Excel文件导出至DataTable(第一行作为表头) 484 /// </summary> 485 /// <param name="ExcelFilePath">Excel文件路径</param> 486 /// <param name="TableName">数据表名，如果数据表名错误，默认为第一个数据表名</param> 487 public static DataTable InputFromExcel(string ExcelFilePath, string TableName) 488 { 489 if (!File.Exists(ExcelFilePath)) 490 { 491 throw new Exception("Excel文件不存在！"); 492 } 493 494 //如果数据表名不存在，则数据表名为Excel文件的第一个数据表 495 ArrayList TableList = new ArrayList(); 496 TableList = GetExcelTables(ExcelFilePath); 497 498 if (TableName.IndexOf(TableName) < 0) 499 { 500 TableName = TableList[0].ToString().Trim(); 501 } 502 503 DataTable table = new DataTable(); 504 OleDbConnection dbcon = new OleDbConnection(@"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFilePath + ";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0"); 505 OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand("select * from [" + TableName + "$]", dbcon); 506 OleDbDataAdapter adapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(cmd); 507 508 try 509 { 510 if (dbcon.State == ConnectionState.Closed) 511 { 512 dbcon.Open(); 513 } 514 adapter.Fill(table); 515 } 516 catch (Exception exp) 517 { 518 throw exp; 519 } 520 finally 521 { 522 if (dbcon.State == ConnectionState.Open) 523 { 524 dbcon.Close(); 525 } 526 } 527 return table; 528 } 529 530 /// <summary> 531 /// 获取Excel文件指定数据表的数据列表 532 /// </summary> 533 /// <param name="ExcelFileName">Excel文件名</param> 534 /// <param name="TableName">数据表名</param> 535 public static ArrayList GetExcelTableColumns(string ExcelFileName, string TableName) 536 { 537 DataTable dt = new DataTable(); 538 ArrayList ColsList = new ArrayList(); 539 if (File.Exists(ExcelFileName)) 540 { 541 using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFileName)) 542 { 543 conn.Open(); 544 dt = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Columns, new object[] { null, null, TableName, null }); 545 546 //获取列个数 547 int colcount = dt.Rows.Count; 548 for (int i = 0; i < colcount; i++) 549 { 550 string colname = dt.Rows[i]["Column_Name"].ToString().Trim(); 551 ColsList.Add(colname); 552 } 553 } 554 } 555 return ColsList; 556 } 557 } 558 }
网上搜集的常用类，这里不再测试。
方案四
将Excel另存为xml文件，对xml文件进行操作。
1 <Row> 2 <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">998</Data></Cell> 3 <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">柳雪巧</Data></Cell> 4 <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">f</Data></Cell> 5 <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">1971/4/30 0:00:00</Data></Cell> 6 <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">2005/1/15 0:00:00</Data></Cell> 7 <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">台湾省 屏东县</Data></Cell> 8 <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">Dolores19710430@139.com</Data></Cell> 9 <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">12616310511</Data></Cell> 10 <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">False</Data></Cell> 11 <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">2014/3/15 10:13:54</Data></Cell> 12 <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">5</Data></Cell> 13 </Row>
excel表格中每一行数据，其实是以上格式的xml，有规律，就可以很容易的去解析。
方案五
js插件
官网地址：http://datatables.net/extras/tabletools/
方案六
导出为csv文件
分享一个辅助类
1 using System.Data; 2 using System.IO; 3 4 public static class CsvHelper 5 { 6 /// <summary> 7 /// 导出报表为Csv 8 /// </summary> 9 /// <param name="dt">DataTable</param> 10 /// <param name="strFilePath">物理路径</param> 11 /// <param name="tableheader">表头</param> 12 /// <param name="columname">字段标题,逗号分隔</param> 13 public static bool dt2csv(DataTable dt, string strFilePath, string tableheader, string columname) 14 { 15 try 16 { 17 string strBufferLine = ""; 18 StreamWriter strmWriterObj = new StreamWriter(strFilePath,false,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8); 19 strmWriterObj.WriteLine(tableheader); 20 strmWriterObj.WriteLine(columname); 21 for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++) 22 { 23 strBufferLine = ""; 24 for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++) 25 { 26 if (j > 0) 27 strBufferLine += ","; 28 strBufferLine += dt.Rows[i][j].ToString(); 29 } 30 strmWriterObj.WriteLine(strBufferLine); 31 } 32 strmWriterObj.Close(); 33 return true; 34 } 35 catch 36 { 37 return false; 38 } 39 } 40 41 /// <summary> 42 /// 将Csv读入DataTable 43 /// </summary> 44 /// <param name="filePath">csv文件路径</param> 45 /// <param name="n">表示第n行是字段title,第n+1行是记录开始</param> 46 public static DataTable csv2dt(string filePath, int n, DataTable dt) 47 { 48 StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(filePath, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8, false); 49 int i = 0, m = 0; 50 reader.Peek(); 51 while (reader.Peek() > 0) 52 { 53 m = m + 1; 54 string str = reader.ReadLine(); 55 if (m >= n + 1) 56 { 57 string[] split = str.Split(','); 58 59 System.Data.DataRow dr = dt.NewRow(); 60 for (i = 0; i < split.Length; i++) 61 { 62 dr[i] = split[i]; 63 } 64 dt.Rows.Add(dr); 65 } 66 } 67 return dt; 68 } 69 }
不再测试。
方案七
使用模版的方式，最简单的模版，就是将表头列出，然后再导入数据。第一行为表头，从第二行开始写入数据。导入过程可参考前面的解决方案。
方案八
使用Aspose.Cells组件，貌似收费。
可参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/lanyue52011/p/3372452.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/hongjiumu/archive/2013/03/15/2962277.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/wujy/archive/2012/07/19/2600162.html
方案九
OpenXML
OpenXML库：DocumentFormat.OpenXml.dll；
参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/zlgcool/archive/2008/12/31/1365993.html
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_46e9573c01011bvs.html
方案十
Epplus操作Excel2007、2010
参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/xinchen/archive/2012/02/15/2352920.html
http://blog.csdn.net/rrrrssss00/article/details/6590944
总结
列出常见的几种解决方案，在实际项目中，用哪一种，还是根据项目环境来决定吧。
最近项目中用到了Excel导出，导入的功能，就想着将常见的方式总结一下。也许还有遗漏，请留言，将你知道也分享给大家，谢谢。
如果该文章对你有所帮助，不妨推荐一下，让更多的人知道，毕竟分享是件快乐的事情。
代码下载：链接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dD3lleT 密码：axli
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