实验：搭建dataguard

1、打开主库zwb强制写日志模式
SQL> alter database force logging;
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;

FOR
---
YES


2、建立备库数据文件放置目录
[oracle@testsvr oracle]$ mkdir stdby

3、做首次全同步数据库
SQL> alter database begin backup;

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oracle/oradata/zwb/system01.dbf
/oracle/oradata/zwb/undotbs01.dbf
/oracle/oradata/zwb/sysaux01.dbf
/oracle/oradata/zwb/users01.dbf
/oracle/oradata/zwb/example01.dbf
/oracle/oradata/zwb/rmantbs01.dbf

6 rows selected.

[oracle@testsvr zwb]$ cp *.dbf /oracle/stdby

SQL> alter database end backup;   


4、配置网络
[oracle@testsvr ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

配置listener.ora:

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/product/10.2.0/db_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
      (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = zwb)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/product/10.2.0/db_1)
     (global_dbname=zwb)
      )
     (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = stdby)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/product/10.2.0/db_1)
     (global_dbname=stdby)
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = testsvr)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
  )

配完后重启一下监听
[oracle@testsvr admin]$ lsnrctl stop
[oracle@testsvr admin]$ lsnrctl start


配置tnsnames.ora:

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

ZWB =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp)(HOST = 10.10.10.88)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = zwb)
    )
  )

bxtest =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp)(HOST = 10.10.10.88)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = bxtest)
    )
  )

stdby =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp)(HOST = 10.10.10.88)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = stdby)
    )
  )


5、测试下能否ping通stdby
[oracle@testsvr admin]$ tnsping stdby

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 10-JUN-2012 20:07:20

Copyright (c) 1997, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:


Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp)(HOST = 10.10.10.88)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = stdby)))
OK (10 msec)


6、创建备库目录
[oracle@testsvr admin]$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin
[oracle@testsvr admin]$ mkdir -p stdby/bdump
[oracle@testsvr admin]$ mkdir -p stdby/cdump
[oracle@testsvr admin]$ mkdir -p stdby/adump
[oracle@testsvr admin]$ mkdir -p stdby/udump
[oracle@testsvr stdby]$ mkdir -p /oracle/stdby/archlog  /*创建备库的归档路径*/

7、配置备库密码文件
[oracle@testsvr admin]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ cp orapwzwb orapwstdby


8、测试连到备库
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ sqlplus 'sys/oracle@stdby as sysdba'

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Jun 10 20:15:29 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

9、创建备库参数文件模板
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ cp initzwb.ora initstdby.ora

10、主库zwb参数文件添加如下参数
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ vi initzwb.ora

standby_archive_dest='/oracle/archlog'
standby_file_management=auto
db_file_name_convert='/oracle/stdby','/oracle/oradata/zwb'               
log_file_name_convert='/oracle/stdby','/oracle/oradata/zwb'
log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(zwb,stdby)'

注意：log_file_name_convert=('AAA','BBB' )
AAA是日志文件的源目录，BBB是日志文件目标目录

10、主库重新创建spfile，重启生效
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
SQL> startup

11、测试一下参数是否生效
SQL> show parameter db_file_name_convert;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string      /oracle/stdby, /oracle/zwb


12、编辑备库stdby参数文件
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

$vi initstdby.ora
将zwb替换成stdby，注意db_name参数不需要替换，并添加或修改如下参数

standby_archive_dest='/oracle/stdby/archlog'
standby_file_management=auto
db_file_name_convert='/oracle/oradata/zwb','/oracle/stdby'
log_file_name_convert='/oracle/oradata/zwb','/oracle/stdby'
db_unique_name='stdby'
log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(zwb,stdby)'


13、生成备库spfile
SQL> create spfile from pfile;


14、启动备库
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=stdby
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.


15、连到主库，从主库zwb创建standby controlfile
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=zwb
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/oracle/stdby/control01.ctl'；

16、切换备库并mount
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=stdby
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
SQL> alter database mount；

17、备库设置传输参数
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle/stdby/archlog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) db_unique_name=stdby';
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=zwb VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=zwb';

18、主库设置传输参数
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=zwb
[oracle@testsvr dbs]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=stdby  VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stdby';

System altered.

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/oracle/archlog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=zwb';

System altered.


19、测试主库切个归档看备库是否传到
主库：
SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

备库收到日志：
[oracle@testsvr archlog]$ pwd
/oracle/stdby/archlog
[oracle@testsvr archlog]$ ls -rtl
total 792
-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 803328 Jun 10 21:33 1_24_784249064.dbf

20、备库启动之前手动应用归档
SQL> recover standby database;      ---缺少的话直接考一下
如果正常，启动后台应用进程mrp
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.


实验成功：搭建dataguard成功