python web项目(4) models【F与Q函数】

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-08 20:37:13 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-03-08 20:37:13 发布

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原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/jamescasta/blog/857659

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2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>>

场景：models.py

#coding: utf8
import datetime
from django.db import models

class Order(models.Model):
    orderid     = models.CharField(max_length=64, unique=True)
    desc        = models.CharField(max_length=512)
    product     = models.CharField(max_length=512, null=True)
    amount      = models.IntegerField()
    userid      = models.CharField(max_length=512, null=True)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(db_index=True)

1 F() ---- 专门取对象中某列值的操作

1 from django.db.models import F
2 from core.models import Order
3  
4 order = Order.objects.get(orderid='123456789')
5 order.amount = F('amount') - 1
6 order.save()

对应SQL语句

UPDATE `core_order` SET ..., `amount` = `core_order`.`amount` - 1 WHERE `core_order`.`orderid` = '123456789'

2 Q() ---- 对对象的复杂查询

Q对象(django.db.models.Q)可以对关键字参数进行封装，从而更好地应用多个查询。可以组合使用 &（and）,|（or），~（not）操作符，当一个操作符是用于两个Q的

Python代码：

Order.objects.get(
    Q(desc__startswith='Who'),
    Q(create_time=date(2016, 10, 2)) | Q(create_time=date(2016, 10, 6))
)

对应的sql 语句

SELECT * from core_order WHERE desc LIKE 'Who%' 
AND (create_time = '2016-10-02' OR create_time = '2016-10-06')

复杂参数：

params = []
    username = request.GET.get("username")
    isactive = request.GET.get("isblock")

    if username:
        params.append(models.Q(username__contains=username))
    if isactive:
        params.append(models.Q(is_block=isactive))

    data = get_page_list(Account.objects.filter(*params), page_no=page_no, page_size=12)

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/jamescasta/blog/857659