linux挂载新硬盘

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硬盘已经没有了
[root@root dev]# df -lh
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1       20G   19G     0 100% /
tmpfs           3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
添加一块，查看地下
[root@root dev]# fdisk xvdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x3b030cf6.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').
输入查看一下支持的命令
Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help):
 
用命令 fdisk /dev/xvdb 进行分区，输入 p 查看新硬盘分区
Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/xvdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xc50d5eb0

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

d命令删除一个存在的分区
t命令修改分区的类型ID号；l命令显示分区ID号的列表；a命令指定启动分区；w命令是将对分区表的修改存盘让它发生作用。
n命令创建一个新分区，p命令显示分区列表；Partition number输入1，First cylinder 输入1，Last cylinder：+49G
Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
   e 是扩展分区，p 是主分区，我们输入 p
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-6527, default 1): 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-6527, default 6527): +50G
Value out of range.
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-6527, default 6527): +49G
再看下分区
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/xvdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xc50d5eb0
    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvdb1               1        6398    51391903+  83  Linux

Command (m for help):
最后输入 w 保存
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@root ~]#

[root@root ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/xvda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00078f9c

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *           1        2611    20970496   83  Linux

Disk /dev/xvdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xc50d5eb0

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvdb1               1        6398    51391903+  83  Linux
目前这里还是看不到新加的硬盘分区。
[root@root ~]# df -lh
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1       20G   19G     0 100% /
tmpfs           3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm

需要对它进行格式化，用 mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 命令进行对sdb1格式化。
[root@root ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/xvdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
3213168 inodes, 12847975 blocks
642398 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
393 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8176 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
        4096000, 7962624, 11239424

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

 

格式化完了之后，我们就可以进行挂载分区了，我们先创建一个目录叫
 data 然后把 /dev/xvdb1 挂载到 /data 目录下，命令如下
mkdir /data                    创建一个目录data
mount /dev/xvdb1 /data        把 /dev/sdb1 挂载到 /data 目录下   
[root@root ~]# fdisk  -l

Disk /dev/xvda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00078f9c

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *           1        2611    20970496   83  Linux

Disk /dev/xvdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@root ~]## df -lh
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1       20G   19G  537M  98% /
tmpfs           3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
/dev/xvdb1       49G  4.8G   42G  11% /data

 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/kenzheng/blog/857504