详细记录一次npm i canvas报错的解决过程-CSDN博客

这篇博客详细记录了在macos系统上安装npm包canvas遇到的pkg-config和cairo缺失问题的解决过程，包括使用brew安装pkg-config和cairo，并修改.bash_profile的路径，最终成功安装canvas。

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npm i canvas 报错信息

$ npm i canvas

> canvas@1.6.13 install /Users/jayson/Documents/workspace/xuebang/question-bank-front_uat_20181026/node_modules/canvas
> node-gyp rebuild

gyp WARN download NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR is deprecated and will be removed in node-gyp v4, please use NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR
gyp WARN download NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR is deprecated and will be removed in node-gyp v4, please use NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR
./util/has_lib.sh: line 31: pkg-config: command not found
gyp: Call to './util/has_lib.sh freetype' returned exit status 0 while in binding.gyp. while trying to load binding.gyp
gyp ERR! configure error
gyp ERR! stack Error: `gyp` failed with exit code: 1
gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.onCpExit (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/lib/configure.js:345:16)
gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:182:13)
gyp ERR! stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:240:12)
gyp ERR! System Darwin 16.7.0
gyp ERR! command "/usr/local/bin/node" "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js" "rebuild"
gyp ERR! cwd /Users/jayson/Documents/workspace/xuebang/question-bank-front_uat_20181026/node_modules/canvas
gyp ERR! node -v v10.14.1
gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v3.8.0
gyp ERR! not ok
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: canvas@1.6.13 (node_modules/canvas):
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: canvas@1.6.13 install: `node-gyp rebuild`
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Exit status 1

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brew install pkg-config

注意到：pkg-config: command not found这个报错，是说操作系统上少了这个命令。参考Can't install rmagick, pkg-config: command not found这篇文章。（对于macos系统来说）,主要是执行一下命令：

brew uninstall pkg-config
brew install pkg-config
brew unlink pkg-config && brew link pkg-config
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详细执行过程记录：

$ brew install pkg-config
Updating Homebrew...
==> Auto-updated Homebrew!
Updated 1 tap (homebrew/core).
==> Updated Formulae
arangodb                   awscli                     binaryen                   ompl                       scala

==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/pkg-config-0.29.2.sierra.bottle.tar.gz
Already downloaded: /Users/jayson/Library/Caches/Homebrew/downloads/c66b3ea1aa568233b601c4df3026803081d97cc5f1e11f92a1b3c04588e45678--pkg-config-0.29.2.sierra.bottle.tar.gz
==> Pouring pkg-config-0.29.2.sierra.bottle.tar.gz
?  /usr/local/Cellar/pkg-config/0.29.2: 11 files, 627.1KB
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记得把pkg-config的路径添加到.bash_profile到path中：

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH = /usr/local/Cellar/pkg-config/0.29.2/
export PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH/bin:$PATH
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再尝试 npm i canvas 报错信息

这次报以下错误：

$ npm i canvas

> canvas@1.6.13 install /Users/jayson/Documents/workspace/xuebang/question-bank-front_uat_20181026/node_modules/canvas
> node-gyp rebuild

gyp WARN download NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR is deprecated and will be removed in node-gyp v4, please use NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR
gyp WARN download NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR is deprecated and will be removed in node-gyp v4, please use NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR
Package cairo was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `cairo.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'cairo' found
gyp: Call to './util/has_lib.sh freetype' returned exit status 0 while in binding.gyp. while trying to load binding.gyp
gyp ERR! configure error
gyp ERR! stack Error: `gyp` failed with exit code: 1
gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.onCpExit (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/lib/configure.js:345:16)
gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:182:13)
gyp ERR! stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:240:12)
gyp ERR! System Darwin 16.7.0
gyp ERR! command "/usr/local/bin/node" "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js" "rebuild"
gyp ERR! cwd /Users/jayson/Documents/workspace/xuebang/question-bank-front_uat_20181026/node_modules/canvas
gyp ERR! node -v v10.14.1
gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v3.8.0
gyp ERR! not ok
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: canvas@1.6.13 (node_modules/canvas):
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: canvas@1.6.13 install: `node-gyp rebuild`
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Exit status 1

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