随机文件处理函数应用

2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>>

// fig .14.15 :fig14_15.cpp
// this program reads a random access file sequentially,
// updates data already written to the file ,creates new 
// data to be placed in the file, and deletes data
// already in the file.

#include <iostream.h>
#include <fstream.h>
#include <iomanip.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "clntdata.h"

int enterchoice();
void textFile( fstream & );
void updateRecord( fstream & );
void newRecord( fstream & );
void deleteRecord( fstream & );
void outPutLine( ostream &, const clientData & );
int getAccount( const char * );

enum Choices { TEXTFILE = 1, UPDATE, NEW, DELETE, END };

int main()
{
	fstream inOutCredit;
	inOutCredit.open( "credit.dat", ios::in | ios::out );

	if( !inOutCredit ) {
		cerr<< " File could not be opened"<< endl;
		exit(1);
	}
	// 初始化100个帐户
	clientData blankclient = { 0,"","",0.0 };
	for( int i=0;i<100;i++) {
		inOutCredit.write( reinterpret_cast<char *>( &blankclient ),sizeof( clientData) );  
		// reinterpret_cast<type *>(exp)  用于任何类弄的转换 
		// write / read 用于随机文件写/读 
	}


	int choice;

	while( ( choice = enterchoice() ) != END ) {
		switch ( choice ) {
		case TEXTFILE:
			textFile( inOutCredit );
			break;
		case UPDATE:
			updateRecord( inOutCredit );
			break;
		case NEW:
			newRecord( inOutCredit );
			break;
		case DELETE:
			deleteRecord( inOutCredit );
			break;
		default:
			cerr<< " Incorrect choice\n";
			break;
		}

		inOutCredit.clear();
	}
	return 0;
}

// 输入选择
int enterchoice()
{
	cout<< "\nEnter your choice"<< endl
		<< "1 - store a formatted text file of accounts\n"
		<< "	called \"print.txt\" for printing\n"
		<< "2 - update an account\n"
		<< "3 - add a new account\n"
		<< "4 - delete an account\n"
		<< "5 - end program\n>> ";

	int menuchoice;
	cin>> menuchoice;
	return menuchoice;
}

// 保存为txt
void textFile( fstream &readFromFile )
{
	ofstream outPrintFile;
	outPrintFile.open( "print.txt", ios::out );

	if( ! outPrintFile ) {
		cerr<< "File could not be opened."<< endl;
		exit(1);
	}

	outPrintFile << setiosflags( ios::left ) << setw(10)
		<< "Account" << setw(16) << "Last Name" << setw(11)
		<< "First Name" << resetiosflags( ios::left )
		<< setw(10) << "Balance"<< endl;
	readFromFile.seekg( 0 );

	clientData client;
	//读出 一条记录
	readFromFile.read( reinterpret_cast<char *>( &client ),sizeof( clientData) );
    // 写入txt
	while( ! readFromFile.eof() ) {
		if( client.accountNumber != 0 )
			outPutLine( outPrintFile, client );   // 写入
		//读下一条记录
		readFromFile.read( reinterpret_cast<char *>( &client ),sizeof( clientData) );
	}
}

// update an account's balance
void updateRecord( fstream &updateFile )
{
	int account  =  getAccount( "Enter account to update" );

	updateFile.seekg( ( account -1 ) * sizeof( clientData ) );

	clientData client;
	updateFile.read( reinterpret_cast<char *>( &client ),sizeof( clientData) );

	if( client.accountNumber != 0) {
		outPutLine( cout, client );
		cout<< "\nEnter charge(+) or payment (-):";

		float transaction;
		cin>> transaction;
		client.balance += transaction;
		outPutLine( cout, client );

		updateFile.seekg( ( account -1 ) * sizeof( clientData ) );
		updateFile.write( reinterpret_cast<char *>( &client ),sizeof( clientData) );
	}
	else
		cerr<< "Account #"<< account
		<< " has no information." << endl;
}


// create and insert new record
void newRecord( fstream &insertInFile )
{
	int account = getAccount( "Enter new account number");

	insertInFile.seekg( ( account -1 ) * sizeof( clientData ) );
	clientData client;
	insertInFile.read( reinterpret_cast<char *>( &client ),sizeof( clientData) );
	if( client.accountNumber == 0 ) {
		cout<< "Enter lastName, firstName, balance\n? ";
		cin>> client.lastName >> client.firstName >> client.balance;
		client.accountNumber = account;
		insertInFile.seekg( ( account -1 ) * sizeof( clientData ) );
		insertInFile.write( reinterpret_cast<char *>( &client ),sizeof( clientData) );
	}
	else
		cerr << "Account #"<< account
		<< " already contains information." << endl;
}


// delete
void deleteRecord( fstream &deleteFormFile )
{
	int account  =  getAccount( "Enter account to delete" );
	deleteFormFile.seekg( ( account -1 ) * sizeof( clientData ) );
	clientData client;
	deleteFormFile.read( reinterpret_cast<char *>( &client ),sizeof( clientData) );
	if( client.accountNumber == 0 ) {
		clientData blankClient = { 0,"","",0.0 };
		deleteFormFile.read( reinterpret_cast<char *>( &client ),sizeof( clientData) );
		cout<< " Acount #"<< account << " deleted." << endl;
	}
	else
		cerr<< " Acount #"<< account << " is empty." << endl;
}


void outPutLine ( ostream &output, const clientData &c )
{
	output << setiosflags( ios::left ) << setw(10)
		<< c.accountNumber << setw(16) << c.lastName << setw(11)
		<< c.firstName << resetiosflags( ios::left )
		<< setw(10) << c.balance << endl;
}

int getAccount ( const char *prompt )
{
	int account;
	do {
		cout<< prompt << " (1-100) : ";
		cin>>account;
	}
	while( account <1 || account >100 );
	return account;
}

#ifndef CLNTDATA_H
#define CLNTDATA_H

struct clientData{
	int accountNumber;
	char lastName[15];
	char firstName[10];
	float balance;
};

#endif

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/delmore/blog/4738