以下程序均来自《Python.UNIX和Linux系统管理指南》

首先要设置ssh无密码登陆

操作步骤：

1. 生成ssh密钥

[root@os1 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generating public/private rsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):

Enter same passphrase again:

Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.

Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is:

65:55:08:91:6b:7e:06:e6:17:e6:c3:6b:c6:db:94:3c root@os1

2. 将公共密钥拷贝到被远程的机器上

[root@os1 ~]# cd /root/.ssh/

[root@os1 .ssh]# scp id_rsa.pub root@10.33.0.223:/root/.ssh

3. 在被远程的机器上执行

[root@os2 .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub > authorized_keys

4. 测试ssh登陆

[root@os1 .ssh]# ssh root@10.33.0.223

Last login: Tue Jul  9 11:26:29 2013 from 10.33.1.28

[root@os2 ~]# exit

logout

Connection to 10.33.0.223 closed.


一个简单的基于ssh的分发器


dispatch.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import subprocess
machines = ["192.168.137.2", "192.168.137.3"]
cmd = "uname -a"
for machine in machines:
        subprocess.call("ssh root@%s %s" % (machine, cmd), shell=True)

运行结果：

[root@centos python]# python dispatch.py

Linux centos 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:05:41 EST 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

Linux centos-zh 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:05:41 EST 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux



一个高级的基于ssh的分发器，将要远程连接的机器IP和要执行的命令写在配置文件config.ini里，然后读取配置文件来执行

config.ini
[MACHINES]
CENTOS: 192.168.137.2
CENTOS2: 192.168.137.3
[COMMANDS]
uname: uname -a
advanced_dispatch.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import subprocess
import ConfigParser
def readConfig(file="config.ini"):
        ips = []
        cmds = []
        Config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
        Config.read(file)
        machines = Config.items("MACHINES")
        commands = Config.items("COMMANDS")
        for ip in machines:
                ips.append(ip[1])
        for cmd in commands:
                cmds.append(cmd[1])
        return ips, cmds
ips, cmds = readConfig()
for ip in ips:
        for cmd in cmds:
                subprocess.call("ssh root@%s %s" %(ip, cmd), shell=True)

运行结果：

[root@centos python]# python advanced_dispatch.py

Linux centos 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:05:41 EST 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

Linux centos-zh 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:05:41 EST 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux


基于ssh的多线程分发器

配置文件同上config.ini

threaded_dispatch.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import subprocess
import ConfigParser
from threading import Thread
from Queue import Queue
import time
"""
A threaded ssh-based command dispatch system
"""
start = time.time()
queue = Queue()
def readConfig(file="config.ini"):
        ips = []
        cmds = []
        Config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
        Config.read(file)
        machines = Config.items("MACHINES")
        commands = Config.items("COMMANDS")
        for ip in machines:
                ips.append(ip[1])
        for cmd in commands:
                cmds.append(cmd[1])
        return ips, cmds
def launcher(i, q, cmd):
        while True:
                ip = q.get()
                print "Thread %s: Running %s to %s" % (i, cmd, ip)
                subprocess.call("ssh root@%s %s" % (ip, cmd), shell=True)
                q.task_done()
ips, cmds = readConfig()
if len(ips) < 25:
        num_threads = len(ips)
else:
        num_threads = 25
for i in range(num_threads):
        for cmd in cmds:
                worker = Thread(target=launcher, args=(i, queue, cmd))
                worker.setDaemon(True)
                worker.start()
print "Main Thread waiting"
print ips
for ip in ips:
        queue.put(ip)
queue.join()
end = time.time()print "Dispatch Completed in %s seconds"  % str(end - start)

运行结果：

[root@centos python]# python threaded_dispatch.py

Main Thread waiting

['192.168.137.2', '192.168.137.3']

Thread 0: Running uname -a to 192.168.137.2

Thread 1: Running uname -a to 192.168.137.3

Linux centos 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:05:41 EST 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

Linux centos-zh 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:05:41 EST 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

Dispatch Completed in 10.2910089493 seconds

注意：最后一个多线程，只能执行一条命令，执行多个命令时会有问题