nginx+PHP(FastCGI)配置

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-09 10:21:01 发布

weixin_33804990

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-09 10:21:01 发布

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文章标签： php 运维操作系统

原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/zhaochen/380111

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这篇文章配置是看过张宴的博客自己做了实验，加上自己的理解写出。

1、升级所需的程序库

#yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

[root@www ~]# rpm -qa |grep libjpeg
[root@www ~]#rpm -vhi libjpeg-devel //安装软件包

[root@www ~]# rpm -qa |grep freetype
freetype-2.2.1-20.el5_2
freetype-devel-2.2.1-20.el5_2

[root@www ~]# rpm -qa |grep libpng
libpng-1.2.10-7.1.el5_0.1
libpng-devel-1.2.10-7.1.el5_0.1 //所需的软件包，一般是devel的缺少，需要安装

下载源代码包

mkdir -p /data0/software
cd /data0/software
wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.7.51.tar.gz
wget http://www.php.net/get/php-5.2.8.tar.gz/from/this/mirror
wget http://php-fpm.anight.org/downloads/head/php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.33.zip/from/http://mysql.mirror.redwire.net/
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0"
wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0"
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.5.tgz
wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0"
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz
wget http://bart.eaccelerator.net/source/0.9.5.3/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-2.2.2.tgz

2、安装PHP5.2.8（FastCGI）

编译安装PHP所需的支持库

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz                           //用于编码转换库，处理字符使用
cd libiconv-1.13/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz                  //加密扩展，里面包含不少的加密算法
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz                      //用于支持多种的Hash算法：MD5等
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz                  //加密算法扩展，有22种算法
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

3、编译安装Mysql，在web服务器不运行mysql，下面编译的mysql只是希望php支持mysql扩展库，能够连接其它服务器上的Mysql

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
unzip mysql-5.1.33.zip
cd mysql-5.1.33/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=innobase
make && make install
chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql
cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /usr/local/webserver/mysql/my.cnf
cd ../

4、编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式）

tar zxvf php-5.2.8.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.8 -p1
cd php-5.2.8/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../

5、编译安装PHP扩展模块

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz                      //用于缓存，分担数据库压力
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2                 //PHP加速器，提高程序效率
cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz                    //PDO扩展为PHP访问数据库定义了一个轻量级的、一致性的接口，它提供了一个数据访问抽象层，这样，无论使用什么数据库，都可以通过一致的函数执行查询和获取数据。PDO随PHP5.1发行，在PHP5.0的PECL扩展中也可以使用。
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz               //用于读写图片格式文件，可以根据web应用程序动态生成图片
cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-2.2.2.tgz                     //图像处理库
cd imagick-2.2.2/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

6、修改php.ini文件
手工修改：查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"
修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：
extension = "memcache.so"
extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
extension = "imagick.so"

7、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：

mkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

按 “]]” 两下到文件末尾加上

[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="128"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9" //保存

8、修改配置文件

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmax = 134217728

sysctl -p //使其生效

9、创建www用户和组以供:www.zhao.com和www.chen.com两个虚拟主机使用

groupadd www
useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/blog
chmod +w /data0/htdocs/blog
chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/blog
mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/www
chmod +w /data0/htdocs/www
chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/www

10、、创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）：
在/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf //输入以下内容

将以下的<value name="display_errors">0</value>改为<value name="display_errors">1</value>，以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页）：

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<configuration>

All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

<section name="global_options">

    Pid file
    <value name="pid_file">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>

    Error log file
    <value name="error_log">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>

    Log level
    <value name="log_level">notice</value>

    When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
    <value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>

    ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
    Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.
"/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf" 156L, 5811C
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<configuration>

All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

<section name="global_options">

    Pid file
    <value name="pid_file">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>

    Error log file
    <value name="error_log">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>

    Log level
    <value name="log_level">notice</value>

    When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
    <value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>

    ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
    Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.
    <value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>

    Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master
    <value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>

      Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
      <value name="max_requests">500</value>

      Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
      Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
      Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
      <value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>

      Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
      All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
      <value name="environment">
        <value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>
        <value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>
        <value name="TMP">/tmp</value>
        <value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>
        <value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>
        <value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>
        <value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>
        <value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>
      </value>

    </section>

</workers>

</configuration>

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<configuration>

All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

<section name="global_options">

    Pid file
    <value name="pid_file">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>

    Error log file
    <value name="error_log">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>

    Log level
    <value name="log_level">notice</value>

    When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
    <value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>

    ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
    Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.
    <value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>

    Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master
    <value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>

      Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
      <value name="max_requests">500</value>

      Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
      Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
      Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
      <value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>

      Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
      All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
      <value name="environment">
        <value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>
        <value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>
        <value name="TMP">/tmp</value>
        <value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>
        <value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>
        <value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>
        <value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>
        <value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>
      </value>

    </section>

</workers>

</configuration>

#ulimit -SHn 51200 //设置文件描述符

#/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start //启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1：9000端口

<value name="max_children">9</value> //用于修改php-cgi进程数（服务器内存小于3G可以只开启64个进程），用户为www

安装nginx-0.7.51

tar zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gz //让nginx支持rewrite重写
cd pcre-7.8/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../

tar zxvf nginx-0.7.51.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.7.51/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ../

(1)

#mkdir /usr/local/www

#chmod +w www

#chown www:www www -R

(2)

#mkdir /usr/local/blog

#chmod +w blog

#chown www:www www -R

(3)编辑配置文件

#vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user www www;
worker_processes 4;

error_log /data/logs/nginx.error.log crit;

pid         /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections 51200;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;

      #charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 4k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 8k;
client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;
tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers     4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;

server
{
    listen       80;
    server_name www.zhao.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root   /usr/local/www;

    #limit_conn   crawler 20;

    location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {
      #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fcgi.conf;
    }

    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
      expires      30d;
    }

    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
    {
      expires      1h;
    }

    log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
              '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
              '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log /data/logs/access.log access;
      }

server
{
    listen       80;
    server_name www.qiao.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/htdocs/www;

    location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {
      #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fcgi.conf;
    }

    log_format wwwlogs '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
               '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
               '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log /data/logs/wwwlogs.log wwwlogs;
}

server
{
    listen 80;
    server_name status.zhaochen.com;                   //此配置为，nginx日志，记录nginx的活动连接数记录

    location / {
    stub_status on;
    access_log   off;
    }
}
}

# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME        $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS    200;

ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx //启动nginx

#vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local //开机自动启动

ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

#vi /etc/sysctl.conf //优化内核

net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000 65000

#sysctl -p //配置生效

#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t //检测配置是否正确

# kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid` //修改nginx.conf后无需重启nginx，使其生效

#!/bin/bash
day=`date +%Y%m%d`
cd /usr/local/nginx/logs/
mv bruce.com.access.log bruce.com.$day.access.log
kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`

#crontab -e

00 00 * * * /bin/sh /opt/file.sh //进行日志切割，每天凌晨12点开始执行

安装webbench做压力测试。

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/webbench/webbench-1.5.tar.gz
tar zxvf webbench-1.5.tar.gz
cd webbench-1.5
make && make install

# webbench -c 100 -t 30 http://192.168.1.21/phpinfo.php //进行测试，100个并发连接

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/zhaochen/380111

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nginx+PHP(FastCGI)配置

这篇文章配置是看过张宴的博客自己做了实验，加上自己的理解写出。1、升级所需的程序库#yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel gli...
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