OWIN+AspNet.Identity实现用户认证/登录/注册(MVC)

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-01 17:30:32 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-01 17:30:32 发布

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文章标签：测试 python 操作系统

原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/lichaoqiang/blog/516742

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2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>>

关于AspNet.Identity,参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/shanyou/p/3918178.html

关于OWIN,可以阅读：http://www.cnblogs.com/dudu/p/what-is-owin.html

OWIN使ASP.NET应用运行在其它平台上称为可能。对ASP.NET程序和IIS进行解耦。我们可以在没有安装IIS的情况下，运行ASP.NET程序。在这里http://katanaproject.codeplex.com/可以下载源码。

另一个概念就是基于声明（Claim）的认证机制。

什么是Claims-based（基于声明）的认证

首先,这种机制并非微软特有的，Claims-based认证和授权在国外被广泛使用，包括微软的ADFS，Google，Facebook等。

Claims-based认证的主要特点：

将认证与授权拆分成独立的服务
服务调用者(一般是网站)，不需要关注你如何去认证，你用Windows认证也好，用令牌手机短信也好，与我无关。
如果用户成功登录的话，认证服务(假如是QQ) 会返回给我们一个令牌。
令牌当中包含了服务调用者所需要的信息，用户名，以及角色信息等等。

总的来说就是，我再也不用管你怎么登录，怎么样去拿你有哪些角色了，我只需要把你跳到那个登录站点上，然后它返回给我令牌信息，我从令牌上获取需要的信息来确定你是谁，你拥有什么角色就可以了。

接下来，我们会使用到两个对象Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.UserManager和Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin.SignInManager，当然，在不使用Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin.SignInManager的情况下，我们依然可以完成认证工作。在这里，我手动创建了两个类，分别集成前两个类。代码如下：

TiKuSignInManager 类：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
/******************************************************************************************************************
 * 
 * 
 * 说　明： (版本：Version1.0.0)
 * 作　者：李朝强
 * 日　期：2015/05/19
 * 修　改：
 * 参　考：http://my.oschina.net/lichaoqiang/
 * 备　注：暂无...
 * 
 * 
 * ***************************************************************************************************************/
namespace AspNetIdentity.Models
{
    public class TiKuSignInManager : Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin.SignInManager<TiKuUser, Guid>
    {

        /// <summary>
        /// 构造函数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="UserManager"></param>
        /// <param name="AuthenticationManager"></param>
        public TiKuSignInManager(Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.UserManager<TiKuUser, Guid> UserManager, Microsoft.Owin.Security.IAuthenticationManager AuthenticationManager)
            : base(UserManager, AuthenticationManager)
        {

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据用户名密码，验证用户登录
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userName"></param>
        /// <param name="password"></param>
        /// <param name="isPersistent"></param>
        /// <param name="shouldLockout"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public override System.Threading.Tasks.Task<Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin.SignInStatus> PasswordSignInAsync(string userName,
                                                                                                                     string password,
                                                                                                                     bool isPersistent,
                                                                                                                     bool shouldLockout)
        {
            return base.PasswordSignInAsync(userName,
                                            password,
                                            isPersistent,
                                            shouldLockout);
        }
    }
}

TiKuUserManager 类：

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Web;

namespace AspNetIdentity.Models
{
    public class TiKuUserManager : Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.UserManager<TiKuUser, Guid>
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 构造函数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="store"></param>
        public TiKuUserManager(TiKuUserStore store)
            : base(store)
        {
            //采用老的加密程序
            this.PasswordHasher = new OldSystemPasswordHasher();
        }

        /// <summary> 
        /// Use Custom approach to verify password 
        /// </summary> 
        public class OldSystemPasswordHasher : PasswordHasher
        {

            /// <summary>
            /// 对密码进行Hash加密
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="password"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public override string HashPassword(string password)
            {
                byte[] salt;
                byte[] buffer2;
                if (password == null)
                {
                    throw new ArgumentNullException("password");
                }
                using (Rfc2898DeriveBytes bytes = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(password, 0x10, 0x3e8))
                {
                    salt = bytes.Salt;
                    buffer2 = bytes.GetBytes(0x20);
                }
                byte[] dst = new byte[0x31];
                Buffer.BlockCopy(salt, 0, dst, 1, 0x10);
                Buffer.BlockCopy(buffer2, 0, dst, 0x11, 0x20);
                return Convert.ToBase64String(dst);
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// 重写验证密码的方法
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="hashedPassword">加密后的密码</param>
            /// <param name="providedPassword">提供的密码</param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public override PasswordVerificationResult VerifyHashedPassword(string hashedPassword, string providedPassword)
            {
                byte[] buffer4;
                if (hashedPassword == null)
                {
                    return PasswordVerificationResult.Failed;
                }
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(providedPassword))
                {
                    throw new ArgumentNullException("providedPassword");
                }
                byte[] src = Convert.FromBase64String(hashedPassword);
                if ((src.Length != 0x31) || (src[0] != 0))
                {
                    return PasswordVerificationResult.Failed;
                }
                byte[] dst = new byte[0x10];
                Buffer.BlockCopy(src, 1, dst, 0, 0x10);
                byte[] buffer3 = new byte[0x20];
                Buffer.BlockCopy(src, 0x11, buffer3, 0, 0x20);
                using (Rfc2898DeriveBytes bytes = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(providedPassword, dst, 0x3e8))
                {
                    buffer4 = bytes.GetBytes(0x20);
                }

                if (ByteEqual(buffer3, buffer4))
                {
                    return PasswordVerificationResult.Success;
                }
                else
                {
                    return PasswordVerificationResult.Failed;
                }
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// 比较两个字节数组
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="b1"></param>
            /// <param name="b2"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            private static bool ByteEqual(byte[] b1, byte[] b2)
            {
                if (b1.Length != b2.Length) return false;
                if (b1 == null || b2 == null) return false;
                for (int i = 0; i < b1.Length; i++)
                {
                    if (b1[i] != b2[i])
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                return true;
            }
        }
    }
}

这两个类，为我们提供了用户认证常用的方法。接下来，你在创建UserManager类的时候，发现，需要提供Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.IUserStore<TiKuUser, Guid>类型对象来构造UserManager对象，于是我继承了这个Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.IUserStore<TiKuUser, Guid>接口：

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web;
/******************************************************************************************************************
 * 
 * 
 * 说　明：TiKuUserStore (版本：Version1.0.0)
 * 作　者：李朝强
 * 日　期：2015/05/19
 * 修　改：
 * 参　考：http://my.oschina.net/lichaoqiang/
 * 备　注：暂无...
 * 
    IUserLockoutStore<User, TKey>: 在尝试一定的失败次数后允许锁定一个账号
    IUserEmailStore<User, TKey>: 使用邮件地址做确认 (例如通过邮件进行确认)
    IUserPhoneNumberStore<User, TKey>: 使用手机号码做确认(例如通过短信进行确认)
    IUserTwoFactorStore<User, TKey>: 启用2中途径进行安全验证 (例如通过用户名/密码和通过邮件或者短信的令牌)，当用户密码可能存在不安全隐患的时候，系统会以短信或邮件的方式向用户发送安全码

 * 
 * ***************************************************************************************************************/
namespace AspNetIdentity.Models
{
    public class TiKuUserStore : Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.IUserStore<TiKuUser, Guid>,
                                 IUserPasswordStore<TiKuUser, Guid>,
                                 IUserClaimStore<TiKuUser, Guid>,
                                 IUserLockoutStore<TiKuUser, Guid>,
                                 IUserEmailStore<TiKuUser, Guid>,
                                 IUserPhoneNumberStore<TiKuUser, Guid>,
                                 IUserTwoFactorStore<TiKuUser, Guid>
    {

        /// <summary>
        /// 声明
        /// </summary>
        public IList<System.Security.Claims.Claim> Claims = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// 实例化
        /// </summary>
        public TiKuUserStore()
        {
            //声明
            Claims = new List<System.Security.Claims.Claim>();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 用户
        /// </summary>
        public TiKuUser UserIdentity = null;


        /// <summary>
        /// 创建用户
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public System.Threading.Tasks.Task CreateAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task.Run(() =>
              {
                  string strInsertCmd = @"INSERT INTO[tb_User](ID,UserName,UserPwd) VALUES(@UserID,@UserName,@UserPwd);";
                  SqlParameter[] parameters = {
                                               new SqlParameter("@UserName",SqlDbType.NVarChar,30),
                                               new SqlParameter("@UserPwd",SqlDbType.NVarChar,100),
                                               new SqlParameter("@UserID",SqlDbType.UniqueIdentifier)
                                              };
                  parameters[0].Value = user.UserName;
                  parameters[1].Value = user.Password;
                  parameters[2].Value = user.Id;

                  int iResult = DbHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(strInsertCmd, parameters);
              });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 删除用户
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public System.Threading.Tasks.Task DeleteAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 2>通过用户ID，获取用户
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userId"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public System.Threading.Tasks.Task<TiKuUser> FindByIdAsync(Guid userId)
        {
            return Task<TiKuUser>.Run<TiKuUser>(() =>
            {
                if (UserIdentity != null) { return UserIdentity; }

                string strCmd = "SELECT * FROM [tb_User] WHERE ID=@UserID;";
                SqlParameter[] parameters = { new SqlParameter("@UserID", SqlDbType.UniqueIdentifier) };
                parameters[0].Value = userId;
                List<TiKuUser> list = new List<TiKuUser>();
                using (IDataReader data = DbHelper.ExecuteReader(strCmd, parameters))
                {
                    while (data.Read())
                    {
                        //model
                        TiKuUser user = new TiKuUser();
                        user.Id = Guid.Parse(data["ID"].ToString());
                        user.UserName = data["UserName"].ToString();
                        user.Password = data["UserPwd"].ToString();

                        list.Add(user);
                    }
                }
                UserIdentity = list.FirstOrDefault();
                return UserIdentity;
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 1>通过用户名获取用户信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public System.Threading.Tasks.Task<TiKuUser> FindByNameAsync(string userName)
        {
            return Task<TiKuUser>.Run<TiKuUser>(() =>
            {
                if (UserIdentity != null) { return UserIdentity; }

                string strCmd = "SELECT * FROM [tb_User] WHERE UserName=@UserName;";
                SqlParameter[] parameters = { new SqlParameter("@UserName", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 30) };
                parameters[0].Value = userName;
                List<TiKuUser> list = new List<TiKuUser>();
                using (IDataReader data = DbHelper.ExecuteReader(strCmd, parameters))
                {

                    while (data.Read())
                    {
                        //model
                        TiKuUser user = new TiKuUser();
                        user.Id = Guid.Parse(data["ID"].ToString());
                        user.UserName = data["UserName"].ToString();
                        user.Password = data["UserPwd"].ToString();
                        list.Add(user);
                    }
                }

                //模拟数据库
                UserIdentity = list.FirstOrDefault();

                return UserIdentity;
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 更新用户信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public System.Threading.Tasks.Task UpdateAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task.Run(() =>
            {

            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 释放
        /// </summary>
        public void Dispose()
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取密码
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<string> GetPasswordHashAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task<string>.Run(() =>
            {
                return user.Password;
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 是否有密码
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<bool> HasPasswordAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task.FromResult<bool>(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(user.Password));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 密码进行加密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="passwordHash"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetPasswordHashAsync(TiKuUser user, string passwordHash)
        {
            return Task.Run(() =>
            {
                user.Password = passwordHash;//加密后
            });
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 添加一个声明
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="claim"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task AddClaimAsync(TiKuUser user, System.Security.Claims.Claim claim)
        {
            return Task.Run(() => { Claims.Add(claim); });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<IList<System.Security.Claims.Claim>> GetClaimsAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task.Run<IList<System.Security.Claims.Claim>>(() =>
            {
                IList<System.Security.Claims.Claim> list = new List<System.Security.Claims.Claim>();

                //声明
                //System.Security.Claims.Claim claimUserName = new System.Security.Claims.Claim("nick", user.UserName);//UserName
                //System.Security.Claims.Claim claimUserId = new System.Security.Claims.Claim(System.Security.Claims.ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier, user.Id.ToString());//UserId
                //list.Add(claimUserName);
                //list.Add(claimUserId);

                return list;
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 移除声明
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="claim"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task RemoveClaimAsync(TiKuUser user, System.Security.Claims.Claim claim)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取访问失败次数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<int> GetAccessFailedCountAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task<Int32>.FromResult<Int32>(1);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取锁定状态
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<bool> GetLockoutEnabledAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task<bool>.Run<bool>(() =>
            {
                return false;
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取锁定结束时间
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<DateTimeOffset> GetLockoutEndDateAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<int> IncrementAccessFailedCountAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 重置访问时间计数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task ResetAccessFailedCountAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task.FromResult(false);
        }

        #region  LockOut
        /// <summary>
        /// 修改锁定状态
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="enabled"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetLockoutEnabledAsync(TiKuUser user, bool enabled)
        {
            return Task.Run(() =>
            {

            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置锁定时间
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="lockoutEnd"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetLockoutEndDateAsync(TiKuUser user, DateTimeOffset lockoutEnd)
        {
            return Task.Run(() =>
            {

            });
        }
        #endregion

        #region Email

        /// <summary>
        /// 通过邮箱获取用户信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="email"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<TiKuUser> FindByEmailAsync(string email)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取用户邮箱
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<string> GetEmailAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 确认邮件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<bool> GetEmailConfirmedAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 修改邮箱
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="email"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetEmailAsync(TiKuUser user, string email)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="confirmed"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetEmailConfirmedAsync(TiKuUser user, bool confirmed)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }


        #endregion

        #region Phone

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取手机号
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<string> GetPhoneNumberAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<bool> GetPhoneNumberConfirmedAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="phoneNumber"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetPhoneNumberAsync(TiKuUser user, string phoneNumber)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="confirmed"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetPhoneNumberConfirmedAsync(TiKuUser user, bool confirmed)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
        #endregion

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<bool> GetTwoFactorEnabledAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task.Run<bool>(() =>
              {
                  return false;
              });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="enabled"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetTwoFactorEnabledAsync(TiKuUser user, bool enabled)
        {
            return Task.Run(() =>
            {

            });
        }
    }
}

下面，我们看看注册方法该怎么写，在这里，我用MVC5作为代码示例，在解决方案中，创建AccountController控制器：

[Authorize]
    public class AccountController : Controller
    {

        /// <summary>
        ///注册：这里省事，没有写UI
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [AllowAnonymous]
        public async Task<ActionResult> Register()
        {

            //user
            TiKuUser user = new TiKuUser { Id = Guid.NewGuid(), UserName = "chaoqiangli", Password = "XXXX" };

            //Context
            Microsoft.Owin.IOwinContext OwinContext = HttpContext.GetOwinContext();

            //用户储存
            Models.TiKuUserStore userStore = new Models.TiKuUserStore();

            //UserManager
            TiKuUserManager UserManager = new TiKuUserManager(userStore);

            IdentityResult result = await UserManager.CreateAsync(user, user.Password);
            if (result.Succeeded)
            {
                Response.Write("注册成功！");
            }
            return View();
        }
}

我们来看看，Models.TiKuUserStore 对象都完成了那些工作。

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web;
/******************************************************************************************************************
 * 
 * 
 * 说　明：TiKuUserStore (版本：Version1.0.0)
 * 作　者：李朝强
 * 日　期：2015/05/19
 * 修　改：
 * 参　考：http://my.oschina.net/lichaoqiang/
 * 备　注：暂无...
 * 
    IUserLockoutStore<User, TKey>: 在尝试一定的失败次数后允许锁定一个账号
    IUserEmailStore<User, TKey>: 使用邮件地址做确认 (例如通过邮件进行确认)
    IUserPhoneNumberStore<User, TKey>: 使用手机号码做确认(例如通过短信进行确认)
    IUserTwoFactorStore<User, TKey>: 启用2中途径进行安全验证 (例如通过用户名/密码和通过邮件或者短信的令牌)，当用户密码可能存在不安全隐患的时候，系统会以短信或邮件的方式向用户发送安全码

 * 
 * ***************************************************************************************************************/
namespace AspNetIdentity.Models
{
    public class TiKuUserStore : Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.IUserStore<TiKuUser, Guid>,
                                 IUserPasswordStore<TiKuUser, Guid>,
                                 IUserClaimStore<TiKuUser, Guid>,
                                 IUserLockoutStore<TiKuUser, Guid>,
                                 IUserEmailStore<TiKuUser, Guid>,
                                 IUserPhoneNumberStore<TiKuUser, Guid>,
                                 IUserTwoFactorStore<TiKuUser, Guid>
    {

        /// <summary>
        /// 声明
        /// </summary>
        public IList<System.Security.Claims.Claim> Claims = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// 实例化
        /// </summary>
        public TiKuUserStore()
        {
            //声明
            Claims = new List<System.Security.Claims.Claim>();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 用户
        /// </summary>
        public TiKuUser UserIdentity = null;


        /// <summary>
        /// 创建用户
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public System.Threading.Tasks.Task CreateAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task.Run(() =>
              {
                  string strInsertCmd = @"INSERT INTO[tb_User](ID,UserName,UserPwd) VALUES(@UserID,@UserName,@UserPwd);";
                  SqlParameter[] parameters = {
                                               new SqlParameter("@UserName",SqlDbType.NVarChar,30),
                                               new SqlParameter("@UserPwd",SqlDbType.NVarChar,100),
                                               new SqlParameter("@UserID",SqlDbType.UniqueIdentifier)
                                              };
                  parameters[0].Value = user.UserName;
                  parameters[1].Value = user.Password;
                  parameters[2].Value = user.Id;

                  int iResult = DbHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(strInsertCmd, parameters);
              });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 删除用户
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public System.Threading.Tasks.Task DeleteAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 2>通过用户ID，获取用户
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userId"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public System.Threading.Tasks.Task<TiKuUser> FindByIdAsync(Guid userId)
        {
            return Task<TiKuUser>.Run<TiKuUser>(() =>
            {
                if (UserIdentity != null) { return UserIdentity; }

                string strCmd = "SELECT * FROM [tb_User] WHERE ID=@UserID;";
                SqlParameter[] parameters = { new SqlParameter("@UserID", SqlDbType.UniqueIdentifier) };
                parameters[0].Value = userId;
                List<TiKuUser> list = new List<TiKuUser>();
                using (IDataReader data = DbHelper.ExecuteReader(strCmd, parameters))
                {
                    while (data.Read())
                    {
                        //model
                        TiKuUser user = new TiKuUser();
                        user.Id = Guid.Parse(data["ID"].ToString());
                        user.UserName = data["UserName"].ToString();
                        user.Password = data["UserPwd"].ToString();

                        list.Add(user);
                    }
                }
                UserIdentity = list.FirstOrDefault();
                return UserIdentity;
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 1>通过用户名获取用户信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public System.Threading.Tasks.Task<TiKuUser> FindByNameAsync(string userName)
        {
            return Task<TiKuUser>.Run<TiKuUser>(() =>
            {
                if (UserIdentity != null) { return UserIdentity; }

                string strCmd = "SELECT * FROM [tb_User] WHERE UserName=@UserName;";
                SqlParameter[] parameters = { new SqlParameter("@UserName", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 30) };
                parameters[0].Value = userName;
                List<TiKuUser> list = new List<TiKuUser>();
                using (IDataReader data = DbHelper.ExecuteReader(strCmd, parameters))
                {

                    while (data.Read())
                    {
                        //model
                        TiKuUser user = new TiKuUser();
                        user.Id = Guid.Parse(data["ID"].ToString());
                        user.UserName = data["UserName"].ToString();
                        user.Password = data["UserPwd"].ToString();
                        list.Add(user);
                    }
                }

                //模拟数据库
                UserIdentity = list.FirstOrDefault();

                return UserIdentity;
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 更新用户信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public System.Threading.Tasks.Task UpdateAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task.Run(() =>
            {

            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 释放
        /// </summary>
        public void Dispose()
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取密码
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<string> GetPasswordHashAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task<string>.Run(() =>
            {
                return user.Password;
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 是否有密码
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<bool> HasPasswordAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task.FromResult<bool>(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(user.Password));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 密码进行加密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="passwordHash"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetPasswordHashAsync(TiKuUser user, string passwordHash)
        {
            return Task.Run(() =>
            {
                user.Password = passwordHash;//加密后
            });
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 添加一个声明
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="claim"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task AddClaimAsync(TiKuUser user, System.Security.Claims.Claim claim)
        {
            return Task.Run(() => { Claims.Add(claim); });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<IList<System.Security.Claims.Claim>> GetClaimsAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task.Run<IList<System.Security.Claims.Claim>>(() =>
            {
                IList<System.Security.Claims.Claim> list = new List<System.Security.Claims.Claim>();

                //声明
                //System.Security.Claims.Claim claimUserName = new System.Security.Claims.Claim("nick", user.UserName);//UserName
                //System.Security.Claims.Claim claimUserId = new System.Security.Claims.Claim(System.Security.Claims.ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier, user.Id.ToString());//UserId
                //list.Add(claimUserName);
                //list.Add(claimUserId);

                return list;
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 移除声明
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="claim"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task RemoveClaimAsync(TiKuUser user, System.Security.Claims.Claim claim)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取访问失败次数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<int> GetAccessFailedCountAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task<Int32>.FromResult<Int32>(1);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取锁定状态
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<bool> GetLockoutEnabledAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task<bool>.Run<bool>(() =>
            {
                return false;
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取锁定结束时间
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<DateTimeOffset> GetLockoutEndDateAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<int> IncrementAccessFailedCountAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 重置访问时间计数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task ResetAccessFailedCountAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task.FromResult(false);
        }

        #region  LockOut
        /// <summary>
        /// 修改锁定状态
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="enabled"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetLockoutEnabledAsync(TiKuUser user, bool enabled)
        {
            return Task.Run(() =>
            {

            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置锁定时间
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="lockoutEnd"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetLockoutEndDateAsync(TiKuUser user, DateTimeOffset lockoutEnd)
        {
            return Task.Run(() =>
            {

            });
        }
        #endregion

        #region Email

        /// <summary>
        /// 通过邮箱获取用户信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="email"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<TiKuUser> FindByEmailAsync(string email)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取用户邮箱
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<string> GetEmailAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 确认邮件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<bool> GetEmailConfirmedAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 修改邮箱
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="email"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetEmailAsync(TiKuUser user, string email)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="confirmed"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetEmailConfirmedAsync(TiKuUser user, bool confirmed)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }


        #endregion

        #region Phone

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取手机号
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<string> GetPhoneNumberAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<bool> GetPhoneNumberConfirmedAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="phoneNumber"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetPhoneNumberAsync(TiKuUser user, string phoneNumber)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="confirmed"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetPhoneNumberConfirmedAsync(TiKuUser user, bool confirmed)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
        #endregion

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task<bool> GetTwoFactorEnabledAsync(TiKuUser user)
        {
            return Task.Run<bool>(() =>
              {
                  return false;
              });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <param name="enabled"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task SetTwoFactorEnabledAsync(TiKuUser user, bool enabled)
        {
            return Task.Run(() =>
            {

            });
        }
    }
}

现在，我们可以编写用户注册的方法了，这是，我们会用到另一个对象，TiKuUser，它继承自Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.IUser<Guid>接口，根据实际情况，我们可以去拓展它。

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace AspNetIdentity.Models
{
    public class TiKuUser : Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.IUser<Guid>
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 用户编号
        /// </summary>
        public Guid Id
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        [DisplayName("登录名")]
        public string UserName
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 密码
        /// </summary>
        [DisplayName("密码")]
        public string Password { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 昵称
        /// </summary>
        [DisplayName("昵称")]
        public string Nick { get; set; }


    }
}

这样，就完成了用户的注册。接下来，就是用户认证的过程了。这时，你会发现，Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin.SignInManager为我们提供了丰富的方法，来完成用户的认证。认证成功后，会向客户端发送加密的Cookie。这时，我们可通过HttpContext.Current.User对象，来获取认证信息。

登录代码如下：

/// <summary>
        /// 登陆
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="user"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        [AllowAnonymous]
        public async Task<ActionResult> Login(TiKuUser @user)
        {

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(@user.UserName)) { return View(); }
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(@user.Password)) { return View(); }

            //Context
            Microsoft.Owin.IOwinContext OwinContext = HttpContext.GetOwinContext();

            //实例化UserStore对象
            Models.TiKuUserStore userStore = new Models.TiKuUserStore();

            //UserManager
            TiKuUserManager UserManager = new TiKuUserManager(userStore);

            //signInManager
            TiKuSignInManager signInManager = new TiKuSignInManager(UserManager, AutherticationManager);


            //登录
            Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin.SignInStatus SignInStatus = await signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(@user.UserName,
                                                                                                               @user.Password,
                                                                                                               true,
                                                                                                               shouldLockout: false);

            //状态
            switch (SignInStatus)
            {
                //成功
                case Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin.SignInStatus.Success:

                    //标示
                    //System.Security.Claims.ClaimsIdentity identity = UserManager.CreateIdentity(user, DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie);

                    //授权登陆
                    //AutherticationManager.SignIn(new Microsoft.Owin.Security.AuthenticationProperties { IsPersistent = true }, identity);
                    return RedirectToAction("index", "home");
                //锁定
                case Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin.SignInStatus.LockedOut:
                    Response.Write("LockedOut!");
                    break;
                //要求验证
                case Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin.SignInStatus.RequiresVerification:
                    Response.Write("RequiresVerification!");
                    break;
                //登录失败
                case Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin.SignInStatus.Failure:
                    Response.Write("Failure!");
                    break;

            }

            return View(@user);
        }
    }

我们来看看实际效果吧。

这里，做了个简单的登录表单。登录成功后，会发现，客户端多了一长串Cookie。

这是加密后的用户登录凭据。这样，用户认证成功后，就可以访问到[Authorize]的Action了。

我们在创建MVC项目的时候，有两个文件需要注意下，就是根目录下的Startup.cs和App_Start目录下的Startup.Auth.cs两个类，它们以分布类的形式，存放于解决方案不同目录中。我们看看Startup都做了那些工作。

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Owin;
using Owin;
/******************************************************************************************************************
 * 
 * 
 * 说　明： Startup(版本：Version1.0.0)
 * 作　者：李朝强
 * 日　期：2015/05/19
 * 修　改：
 * 参　考：http://my.oschina.net/lichaoqiang/
 * 备　注：暂无...
 * 
 * 
 * ***************************************************************************************************************/
[assembly: OwinStartup(typeof(AspNetIdentity.Startup))]
namespace AspNetIdentity
{
    public partial class Startup
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 配置
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="app"></param>
        public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
        {
            // 有关如何配置应用程序的详细信息，请访问 http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=316888
            ConfigureAuth(app);
        }
    }
}

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;
using Microsoft.Owin;
using Microsoft.Owin.Security.Cookies;
using Owin;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace AspNetIdentity
{
    public partial class Startup
    {
        // 有关配置身份验证的详细信息，请访问 http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301864
        public void ConfigureAuth(IAppBuilder app)
        {

            // 使应用程序可以使用 Cookie 来存储已登录用户的信息
            app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions
            {
                AuthenticationType = DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie,
                LoginPath = new PathString("/Account/Login"),
                CookieHttpOnly = true,
                CookieName = "__KaoLaTicketSid"
            });

            // Use a cookie to temporarily store information about a user logging in with a third party login provider
            app.UseExternalSignInCookie(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalCookie);

        }
    }
}

有了这个两个启动类，应用程序在启动的时候，就会触发Configuration方法，完成OWIN的配置工作。

如果你有更多疑问，不妨说出来，我们共同探讨。

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/lichaoqiang/blog/516742