SpringBoot2 | Spring IOC 流程中核心扩展接口的12个扩展点源码分析(十一)

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SpringBoot2 | SpringBoot启动流程源码分析(一)

SpringBoot2 | SpringBoot启动流程源码分析(二)

SpringBoot2 | @SpringBootApplication注解 自动化配置流程源码分析(三)

SpringBoot2 | SpringBoot Environment源码分析(四)

SpringBoot2 | SpringBoot自定义AutoConfiguration | SpringBoot自定义starter(五)

SpringBoot2 | SpringBoot监听器源码分析 | 自定义ApplicationListener(六)

SpringBoot2 | 条件注解@ConditionalOnBean原理源码深度解析(七)

SpringBoot2 | Spring AOP 原理源码深度剖析(八)

SpringBoot2 | SpingBoot FilterRegistrationBean 注册组件 | FilterChain 责任链源码分析(九)

SpringBoot2 | BeanDefinition 注册核心类 ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar (十)

SpringBoot2 | Spring 核心扩展接口 | 核心扩展方法总结(十一)


概述

Spring 的核心思想即是容器。整个容器 refresh 时,外部看似风平浪静,内部实则一片汪洋大海。另外整个流程严格遵守开闭原则,内部对修改关闭,对扩展开放。

可以这么理解: 把 Spring 容器理解为一个钥匙环,上面挂满了钥匙,每个钥匙理解为一个扩展接口。钥匙的顺序是固定的,可理解为接口的调用顺序固定,对修改关闭。每个钥匙可以用来做不同的事情,可理解为扩展接口的不同实现,对扩展开放。

Spring 提供了各种丰富的扩展接口,本篇主要对 IOC 过程中涉及的扩展接口做个整理。

对应的 UML 如下:

调用顺序如下:

分别来看。


1。BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry

BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor接口在读取项目中的beanDefinition之后执行,提供的一个补充扩展接口, 用来动态注册beanDefinition。调用点: 在PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate中:

if (beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry) {
			//......
			// Finally, invoke all other BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors until no further ones appear.
			boolean reiterate = true;
			while (reiterate) {
				reiterate = false;
				//获取所有的 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor 类型的bean
				postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
				for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
					if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
						//通过 getBean 方法进行实例化
						currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
						processedBeans.add(ppName);
						reiterate = true;
					}
				}
				sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
				registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
				invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
				currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
			}
		//......
		}
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示例:手动注册BeanDefinition::

@Component
public class MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor implements BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor {
    @Override
    public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry ...");
        //手动注册 beanDefinition
        registry.registerBeanDefinition("myBeanDefinitionRegistrar",new AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition(MyBeanDefinitionRegistrar.class));
    }
}
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2 。BeanFactoryPostProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory

BeanFactoryPostProcessorBeanPostProcessor 接口比较相似,从字面不难看出,前者多了一个 factory,所以该接口正是beanFactory的扩展接口,使用场景:一般用来在读取所有的beanDefinition信息之后,实例化之前,通过该接口可进一步自行处理,比如修改beanDefinition等。调用点在上面第一个扩展接口之后,也在PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate中:

if (beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry) {
		//......
		// Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
		// 获取所有的 BeanFactoryPostProcessor 类型
		String[] postProcessorNames =
				beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class, true, false);

		// Separate between BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered,
		// Ordered, and the rest.
		List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
		List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
		List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
		for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
			if (processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
				// skip - already processed in first phase above
			}
			else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
				priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
			}
			else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
				orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
			}
			else {
				nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
			}
		}

		// First, invoke the BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered.
		sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
		//执行所有的 BeanFactoryPostProcessor 实现逻辑
		invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);

		//......
		}
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示例:动态修改BeanDefinition

@Component
public class MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
    @Override
    public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
        BeanDefinition myBeanDefinitionRegistrar = beanFactory.getBeanDefinition("myBeanDefinitionRegistrar");
        //可以修改 beanDefinition 信息。这里将bean 设置为单例
        myBeanDefinitionRegistrar.setScope(BeanDefinition.SCOPE_SINGLETON);
    }
}
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3。InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInstantiation

Instantiation 实例化的意思,和Initialization初始化 比较相似,容易混淆。 postProcessBeforeInstantiation用来获取 bean,如果获取到,则不再执行对应 bean的初始化之前流程,直接执行后面要讲的postProcessAfterInitialization方法。 调用点在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory中:

protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {

		//......
		try {
			//执行实例化之前的方法
			Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
			if (bean != null) {
				return bean;
			}
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
					"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
		}
		//......
	}
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protected Object resolveBeforeInstantiation(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
		Object bean = null;
		if (!Boolean.FALSE.equals(mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved)) {
			// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
			if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
				Class<?> targetType = determineTargetType(beanName, mbd);
				if (targetType != null) {
					//开始执行 postProcessBeforeInstantiation 方法
					bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(targetType, beanName);
					//如果获得结果不为空,则直接执行实例化之后的扩展接口。结束 bean 实例化流程。
					if (bean != null) {
						bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(bean, beanName);
					}
				}
			}
			mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved = (bean != null);
		}
		return bean;
	}
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如果postProcessBeforeInstantiation获得结果不为空,则结束 bean 实例化流程。


4。SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor.determineCandidateConstructors

该扩展点决定判断合适的 bean 构造方法。 具体可参考AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor实现类,针对以下使用场景: 在MyComponent1中通过构造方法注入MyComponent2:

@Autowired
    public MyComponent(MyComponent2 component2){
        System.out.println("myComponent init...");
    }
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这里会判断选择出合适的构造方法,并实例化需要的参数 bean。 调用点在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory中:

protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) {
		//......
		//获取合适的构造方法,如果为空,则走默认的构造方法。
		Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
		if (ctors != null ||
				mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
				mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args))  {
		   //如果发现有构造方法引用了依赖注入注解,比如:@AutoWired,则调用autowireConstructor方法进行注入
			return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
		}

		// No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
		return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
	}
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5。MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor.postProcessMergedBeanDefinition

该接口用来合并BeanDefinition,也是对BeanDefinition处理一种扩展接口。 最常用的使用场景:AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor实现类中,通过该接口解析当前 bean 中所有 指定注解类型的属性:

  	    this.autowiredAnnotationTypes.add(Autowired.class);
	    this.autowiredAnnotationTypes.add(Value.class);
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默认解析上两种注解的属性,将其描述信息合并到当前对象的beanDefinition中,在后面属性填充populateBean的过程中,会取出这些对象,进行注入。 调用点在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory中:

protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {

		// Instantiate the bean.
		BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
		if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
			instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
		}
		//实例化 bean
		if (instanceWrapper == null) {
			instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
		}
		final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
		Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
		if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
			mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
		}

		// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
		synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
			if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
				try {
				    //执行 postProcessMergedBeanDefinition 逻辑
					applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
				}
				catch (Throwable ex) {
					throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
							"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
				}
				mbd.postProcessed = true;
			}
		}
		//......
		return exposedObject;
	}
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6。InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor.postProcessAfterInstantiation

实例化之后调用的方法,在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean()填充方法中会触发。 该方法默认返回为true,如果返回false,则中断populateBean方法,即不再执行属性注入的过程。 实际项目中,该扩展方法使用不多。

protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) {
		// ......
		boolean continueWithPropertyPopulation = true;

		if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
			for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
				if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
					InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
					if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
						continueWithPropertyPopulation = false;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
		}

		if (!continueWithPropertyPopulation) {
			return;
		}
		//......
	}
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7。SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor.getEarlyBeanReference

getEarlyBeanReference方法只要有在 Spring 发生循环依赖时调用。首先,当bean 创建时,为了防止后续有循环依赖,会提前暴露回调方法,用于 bean 实例化的后置处理。getEarlyBeanReference方法就是在提前暴露的回调方法中触发。

具体调用点在DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry

@Nullable
	protected Object getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference) {
		Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
		//如果 bean 还未实例化,并且正在创建中。
		if (singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
			synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
			//判断是否已经提前提前暴露了bean 引用。
				singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
				//如果运行循环依赖
				if (singletonObject == null && allowEarlyReference) {
					ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory = this.singletonFactories.get(beanName);
					if (singletonFactory != null) {
					//则调用 getObject() 方法
						singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
						this.earlySingletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);
						this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
					}
				}
			}
		}
		return singletonObject;
	}
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getObject()中调用getEarlyBeanReference方法完成 bean的初始化流程。

protected Object getEarlyBeanReference(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object bean) {
		Object exposedObject = bean;
		if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
			for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
				if (bp instanceof SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
					SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
					exposedObject = ibp.getEarlyBeanReference(exposedObject, beanName);
				}
			}
		}
		return exposedObject;
	}
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大致的流程:

当A实例化之后,Spring IOC会对A依赖的属性进行填充,此时如果发现A依赖了B,会去实例化B。同样在填充B的属性时,如果B也引用了A,就发生了循环依赖。因为A还未创建完成,还未注入Spring中。

Spring的做法是通过对创建中的缓存一个回调函数,类似于一个埋点操作,如果后续填充属性阶段,发生了循环依赖,则通过触发该回调函数来结束该bean的初始化。

​当对A实例化时,会提前暴露一个回调方法 ObjectFactory(Spring5中改为了函数式接口) 放入缓存。当B引用A,发现A还未实例化结束,就会通过缓存中的回调方法结束A的初始化流程,然后注入B。然后继续A的填充属性流程,将B注入A,然后结束循环依赖。

boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
				isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
		//......
		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
						"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
			}
			//添加回调方法,循环依赖时会回调
			addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
		}
		try {
		//填充属性,也就是发生循环依赖的地方
			populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
			exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
				throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
			}
			else {
				throw new BeanCreationException(
						mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
			}
		}
		//......
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8。InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues

该方法用于属性注入,在 bean 初始化阶段属性填充时触发。@Autowired,@Resource 等注解原理基于此方法实现。 具体调用点在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactorypopulateBean方法:

protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) {
		//......
	if (hasInstAwareBpps || needsDepCheck) {
			if (pvs == null) {
				pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
			}
			PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
			if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
				for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
					if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
						InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
						//获取该方法的所有实现类
						pvs = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
						if (pvs == null) {
							return;
						}
					}
				}
			}
			if (needsDepCheck) {
				checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
			}
		}

		//......
	}
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上述方法会获取所有postProcessPropertyValues的实现方法。例如:在AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor中实现方式如下,也就是依赖注入的实现代码:

@Override
	public PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(
			PropertyValues pvs, PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName) throws BeanCreationException {

		InjectionMetadata metadata = findAutowiringMetadata(beanName, bean.getClass(), pvs);
		try {
			metadata.inject(bean, beanName, pvs);
		}
		catch (BeanCreationException ex) {
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Injection of autowired dependencies failed", ex);
		}
		return pvs;
	}
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9。ApplicationContextAwareProcessor.invokeAwareInterfaces

该扩展点用于执行各种驱动接口。在 bean实例化之后,属性填充之后,通过扩展接口,执行如下驱动接口:

private void invokeAwareInterfaces(Object bean) {
		if (bean instanceof Aware) {
			if (bean instanceof EnvironmentAware) {
				((EnvironmentAware) bean).setEnvironment(this.applicationContext.getEnvironment());
			}
			if (bean instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware) {
				((EmbeddedValueResolverAware) bean).setEmbeddedValueResolver(this.embeddedValueResolver);
			}
			if (bean instanceof ResourceLoaderAware) {
				((ResourceLoaderAware) bean).setResourceLoader(this.applicationContext);
			}
			if (bean instanceof ApplicationEventPublisherAware) {
				((ApplicationEventPublisherAware) bean).setApplicationEventPublisher(this.applicationContext);
			}
			if (bean instanceof MessageSourceAware) {
				((MessageSourceAware) bean).setMessageSource(this.applicationContext);
			}
			if (bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware) {
				((ApplicationContextAware) bean).setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext);
			}
		}
	}
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所以,只需要实现以上6种驱动接口,就可以获得对应的容器相关的变量。这些变量在实际项目中是比较常用的了。

使用方式:

@Component
public class MyComponent implements ApplicationContextAware, InitializingBean, BeanClassLoaderAware ,ResourceLoaderAware,EnvironmentAware {

    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("afterPropertiesSet init...");
    }
    @Override
    public void setBeanClassLoader(ClassLoader classLoader) {
        System.out.println("setBeanClassLoader init...");
    }
    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {

        System.out.println("setApplicationContext init...");
    }
    @Override
    public void setEnvironment(Environment environment) {

        System.out.println("setEnvironment init...");
    }
    @Override
    public void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
        System.out.println("setResourceLoader init...");
    }
}
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10。BeanFactoryPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization

BeanFactoryPostProcessor中的两个扩展接口是 Spring IOC过程中最后两个扩展接口。其中postProcessBeforeInitialization用于在 bean 实例化之后,afterPropertiesSet方法之前执行的前置接口。 用于对 bean 进行一些属性设置,上面的设置驱动的方法invokeAwareInterfaces便是实现了此接口。 调用点如下:

protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
		if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
			AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
				invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
				return null;
			}, getAccessControlContext());
		}
		else {
			invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
		}

		Object wrappedBean = bean;
		if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
		//执行前置扩展方法
			wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
		}
		try {
		//执行 afterPropertiesSet 方法
			invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					(mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
					beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
		}
		if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
		//执行后置扩展方法
			wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
		}

		return wrappedBean;
	}
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11。InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet

用于bean实例化之后,设置属性的方法。 上面已经提到,在invokeInitMethods方法中会触发该方法调用:

protected void invokeInitMethods(String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd)
			throws Throwable {
		boolean isInitializingBean = (bean instanceof InitializingBean);
		if (isInitializingBean && (mbd == null || !mbd.isExternallyManagedInitMethod("afterPropertiesSet"))) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Invoking afterPropertiesSet() on bean with name '" + beanName + "'");
			}
			if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
				try {
				//执行afterPropertiesSet
					AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedExceptionAction<Object>) () -> {
						((InitializingBean) bean).afterPropertiesSet();
						return null;
					}, getAccessControlContext());
				}
				catch (PrivilegedActionException pae) {
					throw pae.getException();
				}
			}
			else {
			//执行afterPropertiesSet
				((InitializingBean) bean).afterPropertiesSet();
			}
		}
	}
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12。BeanFactoryPostProcessor.postProcessAfterInitialization

该方法Spring IOC过程中最后一个常用的扩展点,用于 bean 初始化之后的后置处理。IOC 流程执行到此处,一个完整的 bean 已经创建结束,可在此处对 bean 进行包装或者代理。Spring AOP 原理便是基于此扩展点实现,实现方式在AbstractAutoProxyCreator中:

public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(@Nullable Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
		if (bean != null) {
			Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);
			if (!this.earlyProxyReferences.contains(cacheKey)) {
				return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);
			}
		}
		return bean;
	}
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有兴趣的可以移步 Spring AOP相关的文章:SpringBoot2 | Spring AOP 原理源码深度剖析(八)

具体使用方式已上传至 github: github.com/admin801122…


总结

我们使用 Spring 或者 SpringBoot 时,通过 Spring 预留的以上扩展接口,可以方便的实现对 Spring IOC 过程中的逻辑做一些扩展和增强。通 Servlet 规范一样,可以理解为面向接口编程。

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