1.下载yum指令包:  

    去163源目录中(http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/)下载下列yum指令包:

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm


2.安装yum指令包:

使用rpm -ivh安装进度显示来安装以上rpm包:

rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm

后两项须同时安装否则会互相依赖:

rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-41.el6.noarch.rpm
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:yum-plugin-fastestmirro########################################### [ 50%]
   2:yum                    ########################################### [100%]


3.替换自身源:

进入目录:

cd /etc/yum.repos.d
mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo-bak

在该目录下下载阿里yum源:

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo


4. 清理并重建缓存

yum clean all
yum makecache


报错信息:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/yum", line 29, in <module>
    yummain.user_main(sys.argv[1:], exit_code=True)
  File "/usr/share/yum-cli/yummain.py", line 298, in user_main
    errcode = main(args)
  File "/usr/share/yum-cli/yummain.py", line 187, in main
    (result, resultmsgs) = base.buildTransaction()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/__init__.py", line 1003, in buildTransaction
    (rescode, restring) = self.resolveDeps()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/depsolve.py", line 781, in resolveDeps
    for po, dep in self._checkFileRequires():
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/depsolve.py", line 1066, in _checkFileRequires
    self.installedFileProviders = self.rpmdb.fileRequiresData()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/rpmsack.py", line 910, in fileRequiresData
    rpmdbv = self.simpleVersion(main_only=True)[0]
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/rpmsack.py", line 1141, in simpleVersion
    if 'checksum_type' in ydbi and 'checksum_data' in ydbi:
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/rpmsack.py", line 1870, in __contains__
    x = self.get(attr)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/rpmsack.py", line 1900, in get
    res = self._read(attr)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/rpmsack.py", line 1817, in _read
    info = misc.stat_f(fn)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/misc.py", line 920, in stat_f
    return os.stat(filename)
OSError: [Errno 5] 输入/输出错误: '/var/lib/yum/yumdb/a/f6c47592fc6a105295afe1701509e359802ea041-avahi-glib-0.6.25-15.el6-x86_64/checksum_data'

解决方法:

 我将/var/lib/yum/yumdb 文件挪走后,yum 恢复正常