Spring MVC学习笔记之Hello World

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-14 22:25:22 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-14 22:25:22 发布

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文章标签：测试 java web.xml

原文链接：https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/165107

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1、建立WEB项目Spring MVC

2、引入jar包：

commons-logging-1.1.1

spring-aop-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar

spring-beans-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-context-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-core-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-expression-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-webmvc-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar

3、配置web.xml文件，这里直接贴完整的web.xml文件，里面会有一些注释：

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>Spring MVC</display-name>
  
  <servlet>
  	<!-- 引入Spring MVC核心过滤器 -->
  	<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  	<!-- 初始化参数 -->
  	<init-param>
  		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  		<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
  	</init-param>
  	<!-- 启动时加载 -->
  	<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  
  <welcome-file-list> 
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

4、在src下创建springmvc.xml文件，同上，直接贴代码：

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation=" 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd"> 
    <!-- 配置自动扫描注解的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.watimer.springmvc"></context:component-scan>
    
    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <!-- 
    	视图解析器的作用为：当请求成功时，跳转到“视图解析器前缀+返回值+视图解析器后缀界面”
    				以此项目为例，则跳转到WEB-INF/views/success.jsp界面
    -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    	<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
    	<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

5、在SRC下建包，注意与springmvc.xml中配置的要相同，这里为com.watimer.springmvc,同时建立类Hello，贴代码：

Hello.java

package com.watimer.springmvc;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
/**
 * @author 易讯.岳耀栎
 */
//扫描Controller
@Controller
public class Hello {
	//@RequestMapping对应的是请求路径，会在下文中指出
	@RequestMapping("/hello")
	public String hello(){
		System.out.println("hello world");
		//请求成功后，根据上文配置的视图解析器，会跳转到success.jsp界面
		return "success";
	}
}

6、在WEB-INF目录下，建立views文件夹，同时在views文件夹内新建success.jsp，一会会贴出项目的截图：

7、在index添加请求超链接，点击时会打印输出hello world，同时跳转到success.jsp界面：

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
  </head>
  
  <body>
  	<!-- 这里的请求，对应的是@RequestMapping("/hello")，如果不一致，则请求不到-->
    <a href="hello">helloworld</a>
  </body>
</html>

7、请求界面

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