博客讨论了Xvfb和xvfb-run的区别和用途。Xvfb是一个无头X服务器，而xvfb-run是一个方便的脚本，简化了在虚拟服务器环境中运行X客户端的过程，需要xauth程序配合使用。尽管可以直接使用Xvfb，但xvfb-run通过处理额外的参数和选项提供了便利。根据内容，xvfb-run应该作为Xvfb包的一部分在Ubuntu 16.04 LTS中安装。
Looking at http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/man1/xvfb-run.1.html implies that xvfb-run is a wrapper around Xvfb. So, you could certainly use Xvfb without xvfb-run, you just have to pass a lot more arguments / options that xvfb-run would handle for you.
But looking at https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/xenial/+package/xvfb (which is the package the man page lists for 16.04LTS), that package should come with xvfb-run.
This package also contains a convenience script called xvfb-run which
simplifies the automated execution of X clients in a virtual server
environment. This convenience script requires the use of the xauth
program.
So, are you sure that if you do apt-get install xvfb, you don't have xvfb-run installed as well? (You might need to install something to get xauth, but I would have expected that to be handled as a dependency)
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