java equals对象相等_Java对象相等比较(Equals)

以下代码显示如何实现equals()和hashCode()方法

class Point {

private int x;

private int y;

public Point(int x, int y) {

this.x = x;

this.y = y;

}

/* implement the equals() method */

public boolean equals(Object otherObject) {

// Are the same?

if (this == otherObject) {

return true;

}

// Is otherObject a null reference?

if (otherObject == null) {

return false;

}

// Do they belong to the same class?

if (this.getClass() != otherObject.getClass()) {

return false;

}

// Get the reference of otherObject in a SmartPoint variable

Point otherPoint = (Point) otherObject;

// Do they have the same x and y co-ordinates

boolean isSamePoint = (this.x == otherPoint.x && this.y == otherPoint.y);

return isSamePoint;

}

/*

* implement hashCode() method of the Object class, which is a requirement

* when you implement equals() method

*/

public int hashCode() {

return (this.x + this.y);

}

}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Point pt1 = new Point(10, 10);

Point pt2 = new Point(10, 10);

Point pt3 = new Point(12, 19);

Point pt4 = pt1;

System.out.println("pt1 == pt1: " + (pt1 == pt1));

System.out.println("pt1.equals(pt1): " + pt1.equals(pt1));

System.out.println("pt1 == pt2: " + (pt1 == pt2));

System.out.println("pt1.equals(pt2): " + pt1.equals(pt2));

System.out.println("pt1 == pt3: " + (pt1 == pt3));

System.out.println("pt1.equals(pt3): " + pt1.equals(pt3));

System.out.println("pt1 == pt4: " + (pt1 == pt4));

System.out.println("pt1.equals(pt4): " + pt1.equals(pt4));

}

}

上面的代码生成以下结果。

pt1 == pt1: true

pt1.equals(pt1): true

pt1 == pt2: false

pt1.equals(pt2): true

pt1 == pt3: false

pt1.equals(pt3): false

pt1 == pt4: true

pt1.equals(pt4): true

这里是equals()方法实现的规范。 假设x，y和z是三个对象的非空引用。

自反性。 表达式x.equals(x)应该返回true。

对称性。 如果x.equals(y)返回true，那么y.equals(x)也必须返回true。

传递性。如果x.equals(y)返回true，那么y.equals(z)也返回true，则x.equals(z)必须返回true。

一致性。如果x.equals(y)返回true，它应该保持返回true，直到x或y的状态被修改。 如果x.equals(y)返回false，它应该保持返回false，直到x或y的状态被修改。

与null引用的比较：任何类的对象不应等于null引用。 表达式x.equals(null)应始终返回false。

与hashCode()方法的关系：如果x.equals(y)返回true，x.hashCode()必须返回与y.hashCode()相同的值。

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