Mybatis底层原理学习（二）：从源码角度分析一次查询操作过程-CSDN博客

在阅读这篇文章之前，建议先阅读一下我之前写的两篇文章，对理解这篇文章很有帮助，特别是Mybatis新手：

mybatis底层原理学习（一）：SqlSessionFactory和SqlSession的创建过程

如果你想获得更好的阅读体验，可以点击这里:Mybatis底层原理学习（二）：从源码角度分析一次查询操作过程

（1）在使用Mybatis操作数据库的时候，每一次的CRUD操作都会去获取一次映射配置文件（mapper xml文件）对应的sql映射。每一个sql映射在内存缓存中（创建SqlSessionFactory之前就缓存在内存中了）都会有唯一ID，就是sql映射所在xml文件的命名空间加上sql映射配置节点的id值。
（2）Mapper xml文件的命名空间使用的是类的全路径名，这样做的好处是可以全局唯一，又可以通过反射获取对应的Mapper类。可以理解成每一个mapper xml文件对应一个Mapper类。
（3）mapper xml文件每一个sql映射节点的id属性值对应类的一个方法。我们在配置sql映射的时候也必须这样做，因为Mybatis的底层就是使用反射机制来获取执行方法的全路径作为ID来获取sql的映射配置的。
（4）每一个和mapper xml文件关联的类，都是Mapper类，在执行过程，通过动态代理，执行对应的方法。Mybatis是如何判断哪些类是Mapper类的呢？其实只有在运行时才会知道。在加载Mybatis配置文件中，通过解析mapper xml文件缓存了所有的sql映射配置，在调用SqlSession的getMapper方法获取Mapper类的时候才会生成代理类。

现在，我们来从源码角度分析Mapper代理类的创建过程，demo源码在后面给出 demo示例：

public class Main {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
        ArticleMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ArticleMapper.class);
        Article article = mapper.selectOne(1);
        LOGGER.info("title:" + article.getTitle() + " " + "content:" + article.getContent());
    }

}

复制代码

我们在这行代码处搭上断点：

ArticleMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ArticleMapper.class);
复制代码

Debug进去，执行下面代码：

public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type) {
    return configuration.<T>getMapper(type, this);
  }
复制代码

configuration持有Mybatis的基本配置信息，继续看看getMapper方法的执行：

public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type, SqlSession sqlSession) {
    return mapperRegistry.getMapper(type, sqlSession);
  }
复制代码

mapperRegistry缓存了所有的SQL映射配置信息，在加载解析Mybatis配置文件（例子是mybatis）和mapper xml文件的时候完成缓存的，继续看getMapper的执行：

public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type, SqlSession sqlSession) {
    // 这里首先会获取Mapper代理类工厂，拿到代理工厂就创建代理类
    final MapperProxyFactory<T> mapperProxyFactory = (MapperProxyFactory<T>) knownMappers.get(type);
    if (mapperProxyFactory == null) {
      throw new BindingException("Type " + type + " is not known to the MapperRegistry.");
    }
    try {
      // 创建Mapper代理类
      return mapperProxyFactory.newInstance(sqlSession);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new BindingException("Error getting mapper instance. Cause: " + e, e);
    }
  }
复制代码

通过动态代理机制创建Mapper代理类

protected T newInstance(MapperProxy<T> mapperProxy) {
    return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(mapperInterface.getClassLoader(), new Class[] { mapperInterface }, mapperProxy);
  }
复制代码

到这里，动态代理类创建完成。通过分析了源码执行过程，Mapper代理类的创建过程弄清楚了，大体就是通过从缓存中获取sql映射配置的id（类全路径名+方法名）来通过动态代理机制创建代理类，实际执行的CRUD是执行动态代理类的方法。执行CRUD操作的时候，我们都会执行到动态代理类的invoke方法：

public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
    try {
      if (Object.class.equals(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
        return method.invoke(this, args);
      } else if (isDefaultMethod(method)) {
        return invokeDefaultMethod(proxy, method, args);
      }
    } catch (Throwable t) {
      throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(t);
    }
    final MapperMethod mapperMethod = cachedMapperMethod(method);
    return mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args);
  }
复制代码

最后找到映射的方法，执行mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args)。通过代码我们可以看到，会根据执行方法的操作类型（CRUD）执行不同的逻辑处理。

public Object execute(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) {
    Object result;
    switch (command.getType()) {
      case INSERT: {
    	Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.insert(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      case UPDATE: {
        Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.update(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      case DELETE: {
        Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.delete(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      case SELECT:
        if (method.returnsVoid() && method.hasResultHandler()) {
          executeWithResultHandler(sqlSession, args);
          result = null;
        } else if (method.returnsMany()) {
          result = executeForMany(sqlSession, args);
        } else if (method.returnsMap()) {
          result = executeForMap(sqlSession, args);
        } else if (method.returnsCursor()) {
          result = executeForCursor(sqlSession, args);
        } else {
          Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
          result = sqlSession.selectOne(command.getName(), param);
        }
        break;
      case FLUSH:
        result = sqlSession.flushStatements();
        break;
      default:
        throw new BindingException("Unknown execution method for: " + command.getName());
    }
    if (result == null && method.getReturnType().isPrimitive() && !method.returnsVoid()) {
      throw new BindingException("Mapper method '" + command.getName() 
          + " attempted to return null from a method with a primitive return type (" + method.getReturnType() + ").");
    }
    return result;
  }
复制代码

我们分析一下查询select：

if (method.returnsVoid() && method.hasResultHandler()) {
          executeWithResultHandler(sqlSession, args);
          result = null;
        } else if (method.returnsMany()) {
          result = executeForMany(sqlSession, args);
        } else if (method.returnsMap()) {
          result = executeForMap(sqlSession, args);
        } else if (method.returnsCursor()) {
          result = executeForCursor(sqlSession, args);
        } else {
          Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
          result = sqlSession.selectOne(command.getName(), param);
        }
复制代码

首先根据方法返回类型的不同执行不同的逻辑，最终会调用SqlSession的selectXXX方法，

public <T> T selectOne(String statement, Object parameter) {
    // Popular vote was to return null on 0 results and throw exception on too many.
    List<T> list = this.<T>selectList(statement, parameter);
    if (list.size() == 1) {
      return list.get(0);
    } else if (list.size() > 1) {
      throw new TooManyResultsException("Expected one result (or null) to be returned by selectOne(), but found: " + list.size());
    } else {
      return null;
    }
  }
复制代码

List<T> list = this.<T>selectList(statement, parameter);这行代码逻辑处理：

public <E> List<E> selectList(String statement, Object parameter) {
    return this.selectList(statement, parameter, RowBounds.DEFAULT);
  }
复制代码

继续进去：

public <E> List<E> selectList(String statement, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds) {
    try {
      MappedStatement ms = configuration.getMappedStatement(statement);
      return executor.query(ms, wrapCollection(parameter), rowBounds, Executor.NO_RESULT_HANDLER);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error querying database.  Cause: " + e, e);
    } finally {
      ErrorContext.instance().reset();
    }
  }
复制代码

到这一步，是调用执行器Executor的query方法：

 public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler) throws SQLException {
    BoundSql boundSql = ms.getBoundSql(parameterObject);
    CacheKey key = createCacheKey(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, boundSql);
    return query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
  }

复制代码

进去query方法：

 public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql)
      throws SQLException {
    Cache cache = ms.getCache();
    if (cache != null) {
      flushCacheIfRequired(ms);
      if (ms.isUseCache() && resultHandler == null) {
        ensureNoOutParams(ms, parameterObject, boundSql);
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        List<E> list = (List<E>) tcm.getObject(cache, key);
        if (list == null) {
          list = delegate.<E> query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
          tcm.putObject(cache, key, list); // issue #578 and #116
        }
        return list;
      }
    }
    return delegate.<E> query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
  }
复制代码

继续进去query方法：

public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
    ErrorContext.instance().resource(ms.getResource()).activity("executing a query").object(ms.getId());
    if (closed) {
      throw new ExecutorException("Executor was closed.");
    }
    if (queryStack == 0 && ms.isFlushCacheRequired()) {
      clearLocalCache();
    }
    List<E> list;
    try {
      queryStack++;
      list = resultHandler == null ? (List<E>) localCache.getObject(key) : null;
      if (list != null) {
        handleLocallyCachedOutputParameters(ms, key, parameter, boundSql);
      } else {
        list = queryFromDatabase(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
      }
    } finally {
      queryStack--;
    }
    if (queryStack == 0) {
      for (DeferredLoad deferredLoad : deferredLoads) {
        deferredLoad.load();
      }
      // issue #601
      deferredLoads.clear();
      if (configuration.getLocalCacheScope() == LocalCacheScope.STATEMENT) {
        // issue #482
        clearLocalCache();
      }
    }
    return list;
  }
复制代码

真正访问数据库的是这行代码：list = queryFromDatabase(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);

private <E> List<E> queryFromDatabase(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
    List<E> list;
    localCache.putObject(key, EXECUTION_PLACEHOLDER);
    try {
      list = doQuery(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
    } finally {
      localCache.removeObject(key);
    }
    localCache.putObject(key, list);
    if (ms.getStatementType() == StatementType.CALLABLE) {
      localOutputParameterCache.putObject(key, parameter);
    }
    return list;
  }
复制代码

查询操作由doQuery方法处理，这段代码就接近原生JDBC操作了，首先会获取语句处理器，然后开始执行语句，执行完，还会对结果进行结果集处理，返回处理的结果集，这里就不多分析了

public <E> List<E> doQuery(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Configuration configuration = ms.getConfiguration();
      StatementHandler handler = configuration.newStatementHandler(wrapper, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
      stmt = prepareStatement(handler, ms.getStatementLog());
      return handler.<E>query(stmt, resultHandler);
    } finally {
      closeStatement(stmt);
    }
  }
复制代码