android的TouchEvent派发机制的分析

android在view树结构中的touch消息派发，主要是由类ViewGroup的方法dispatchTouchEvent完成的。最近阅读了它的源码，做了以下分析。

@Override
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
    if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
        mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(ev, 1);
    }

    // If the event targets the accessibility focused view and this is it, start
    // normal event dispatch. Maybe a descendant is what will handle the click.
    if (ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus() && isAccessibilityFocusedViewOrHost()) {
        ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
    }

    boolean handled = false;
    // 这里通常会check通过的，在touch消息派发时，onFilterTouchEventForSecurity一直返回true（通过单步调试发现它一直返回true）。
    if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {
        final int action = ev.getAction();
        final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;

        // Handle an initial down.
        if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            // Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture.
            // The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture
            // due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change.
            cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
            resetTouchState();
        }

        // Check for interception.
        final boolean intercepted;
        // 假如是down消息，或者mFirstTouchTarget不为null，那么就要判断一下是否要拦截该消息。
        // 那么mFirstTouchTarget什么时候不为null呢？是在当子分支上的某个view已经处理了之前的消息时
        // 所说的某个view的onTouchEvent返回了true，进而它的dispatchTouchEvent也返回true的时候
        if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
            final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
            if (!disallowIntercept) {
                intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
                ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
            } else {
                intercepted = false;
            }
        } else {
            // There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
            // so this view group continues to intercept touches.
            // 
            // 当不是down消息，并且mFirstTouchTarget为null，此时必然要拦截消息。
            // 这也解释了为什么某个子view在onTouchEvent中处理down消息返回false之后，不会接收后续的消息了。
            intercepted = true;
        }

        // If intercepted, start normal event dispatch. Also if there is already
        // a view that is handling the gesture, do normal event dispatch.
        if (intercepted || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
            ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
        }

        // Check for cancelation.
        final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this)
                || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL;

        // Update list of touch targets for pointer down, if needed.
        final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0;
        TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;
        boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
        // 当不需要取消消息派发并且不需要拦截消息派发时，执行这个if里的代码
        if (!canceled && !intercepted) {

            // If the event is targeting accessibility focus we give it to the
            // view that has accessibility focus and if it does not handle it
            // we clear the flag and dispatch the event to all children as usual.
            // We are looking up the accessibility focused host to avoid keeping
            // state since these events are very rare.
            View childWithAccessibilityFocus = ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()
                    ? findChildWithAccessibilityFocus() : null;
            
            // 当是down消息或者是pointer_down消息时，执行这个if里的代码
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                    || (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
                final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down
                final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
                        : TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;

                // Clean up earlier touch targets for this pointer id in case they
                // have become out of sync.
                removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);

                final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
               //newTouchTarget一定是null（从前边的声明到这里，没有看到对它的赋值操作），同时viewgroup有子节点，执行以下if里的代码。
                if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
                    final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
                    final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
                    // Find a child that can receive the event.
                    // Scan children from front to back.
                    final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = buildTouchDispatchChildList();
                    final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null
                            && isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
                    final View[] children = mChildren;
                    // 循环处理每一个子节点（view）
                    for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                        final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(
                                childrenCount, i, customOrder);
                        final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(
                                preorderedList, children, childIndex);

                        // If there is a view that has accessibility focus we want it
                        // to get the event first and if not handled we will perform a
                        // normal dispatch. We may do a double iteration but this is
                        // safer given the timeframe.
                        if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != null) {
                            if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != child) {
                                continue;
                            }
                            childWithAccessibilityFocus = null;
                            i = childrenCount - 1;
                        }
                        
                        // 如果该view不可以接收touch消息，
                        //或者touch消息的坐标没有落到该view的位置中，
                        //则跳过这一次迭代，
                        //进而执行下一次的迭代（也就是用同样的条件检查下一个view）
                        if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
                                || !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
                            ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
                            continue;
                        }
                        
                        // 终于有个view可以接收touch消息，同时touch消息也落在它上面。
                        //这个时候通过该view来获取与它对应的touch target。
                        //touch target是什么呢？
                        //touch target是一个链表中的节点，
                        //这个链表中维护的所有touch target表明有多少view可以接收消息，
                        //每个touch target中不仅有next字段，
                        // 还有个child字段来引用可以接收touch消息的view。 
                        //首先根据该view，查看它所对应的在链表中的TouchTarget。
                        //如果找到该touch target，则表明之前该view接收过消息，
                        //还记得这块代码是处理down消息和pointer_down消息，
                        //所以此时不要处理，直接break退出for循环。
                        newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
                        if (newTouchTarget != null) {
                            // Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
                            // Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
                            newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
                            break;
                        }

                        resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
                        // 该子节点view没有处理过down或者pointer_down消息，
                        // 则通过调用dispatchTransformedTouchEvent来处理它。
                        // dispatchTransformedTouchEvent还有可能对pointer_down消息转换成down消息，然后调用view的dispatchTouchEvent。
                        // 假如它返回了true，表明子节点view消费了该消息（down、pointer_down）。
                        if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
                            // Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
                            mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
                            if (preorderedList != null) {
                                // childIndex points into presorted list, find original index
                                for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) {
                                    if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) {
                                        mLastTouchDownIndex = j;
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }
                            } else {
                                mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
                            }
                            mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
                            mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
                            // 创建一个新的TouchTarget添加到链表中，这个新的TouchTarget的child字段指向该view
                            newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
                            alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
                            break;
                        }

                        // The accessibility focus didn't handle the event, so clear
                        // the flag and do a normal dispatch to all children.
                        ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
                    }
                    if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear();
                }

                if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                    // Did not find a child to receive the event.
                    // Assign the pointer to the least recently added target.
                    newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
                    while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
                        newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
                    }
                    newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
                }
            }
        }

        // Dispatch to touch targets.
        if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
            // No touch targets so treat this as an ordinary view.
            // 假如没有子节点view消费该touch消息，则调用方法dispatchTransformedTouchEvent,
            // 第3个参数传入null，在该方法中可以调用super的dispatchTouchEvent，
            // 在super的dispatchTouchEvent中调用onTouchEvent或者mOnTouchListener来处理该touch消息。
            handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
                    TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
        } else {
            // Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already
            // dispatched to it.  Cancel touch targets if necessary.
            TouchTarget predecessor = null;
            TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
            // 循环遍历每个touch target。假如某个touch target在上边的代码中已经处理过
            // （alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget为true，target == newTouchTarget为true），
            // 就跳过它。假如没有处理过，就调用dispatchTransformedTouchEvent把touch消息派发给子节点view
            while (target != null) {
                final TouchTarget next = target.next;
                if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {
                    handled = true;
                } else {
                    final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child)
                            || intercepted;
                    if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
                            target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) {
                        handled = true;
                    }
                    if (cancelChild) {
                        // 把该target从列表中删除掉
                        if (predecessor == null) {
                        // 若target是在列表头部，则从头部删除掉
                            mFirstTouchTarget = next;
                        } else {
                        // 若target是在列表中间，则从列表中间删除掉
                            predecessor.next = next;
                        }
                        target.recycle();
                        target = next;
                        continue;
                    }
                }
                predecessor = target;
                target = next;
            }
        }

        // Update list of touch targets for pointer up or cancel, if needed.
        if (canceled
                || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
                || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
            // 如果消息是取消，则重置状态，就是销毁链表，mFirstTouchTarget也置为null
            resetTouchState();
        } else if (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {
            final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex();
            final int idBitsToRemove = 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex);
            removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToRemove);
        }
    }

    if (!handled && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
        mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(ev, 1);
    }
    return handled;
}
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