RPM是RedHat Package Manager(RedHat软件包管理工具)的缩写,是一种用于互联网下载包的打包及安装工具,它包含在某些Linux分发版中。它生成具有.RPM扩展名的文件。使用rpm安装软件和管理软件非常的方便。
1.安装rpm-build[root@YunWei-136 ~]# yum -y install rpm-build redhat-rpm-config
2.建立目录结构[root@YunWei-136 ~]# mkdir -p ~/rpmbuild/{BUILD,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS}
[root@YunWei-136 ~]# tree -n ~/rpmbuild/
/root/rpmbuild/
├── BUILD 存放源代码
├── RPMS 存放用于管理rpm制作进程的spec文件
├── SOURCES 解压后的文件存放在这里
├── SPECS 存放由rpmbuild制作好的二进制包
└── SRPMS 存放由rpmbuild制作好的源码包
5 directories, 0 files
3.下载源码包[root@YunWei-136 ~]# wget -P ~/rpmbuild/SOURCES/ http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.7.tar.gz
4.制作.spec文件[root@YunWei-136 ~]# cd ~/rpmbuild/SPECS
[root@YunWei-136 SPECS]# vim nginx.spec
Name: nginx
Version: 1.4.7
Release: 1%{?dist}
Summary: nginx rmp package production
Group: Applications/Archiving
License: GPLv2
URL: http://www.nginx.org
Source: http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.7.tar.gz
BuildRoot: %(mktemp -ud %{_tmppath}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}-XXXXXX)
BuildRequires: gcc
Requires: openssl,openssl-devel,pcre-devel,pcre
%description
Custom nginx rpm package
%prep
rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_DIR/nginx-1.4.7
tar fx $RPM_SOURCE_DIR/nginx-1.4.7.tar.gz
%build
cd nginx-1.4.7
./configure \
--prefix=/home/application/nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module
make %{?_smp_mflags}
%install
rm -rf %{buildroot}
cd nginx-1.4.7
make install DESTDIR=%{buildroot}
%clean
rm -rf %{buildroot}
%files
%defattr(-,root,root,-)
/home/application/nginx
5.spec文件解释#:以#开头是注释,rpm会忽略它。
Summary: 简单描述软件。
Name : 定义rpm的名称。
Version: 定义软件版本
Release: 发行版本
License: 定义许可证
Group: 软件分类
Source: ×××地址
URL: 源码相关网站
Distribution: 发行版系列
Packager: 打包人的信息
%description:软件详细描述,可多行
%prep :软件编译之前的处理,如解压。
%build :开始编译软件,如make
%install :开始安装软件,如make install
%files :指定哪些文件需要被打包,如/usr/local/nginx
%preun :定义卸载之前的动作,如杀掉进程。
这里只介绍了几个常用的tag,更详细的请参考:http://www.rpm.org/max-rpm/ch-rpm-inside.html
6.开始RPM制作[root@YunWei-136 SPECS]# rpmbuild -bb nginx.spec
6.测试RPM包[root@YunWei-136 SPECS]# yum -y install /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Examining /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64
Marking /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.btte.net
* epel: ftp.riken.jp
* extras: mirrors.btte.net
* updates: mirrors.btte.net
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nginx.x86_64 0:1.4.7-1.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
nginx x86_64 1.4.7-1.el6 /nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64 732 k
Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total size: 732 k
Installed size: 732 k
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : nginx-1.4.7-1.el6.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
nginx.x86_64 0:1.4.7-1.el6
Complete!
至此,nginx的RPM包制作完成,并成功安装......大家可以举一反三制作其他软件的RPM包。