IntentService提供了一种在后台线程中运行任务的方式,适合处理运行时间较长的后台任务。
长处:
(1)IntentService执行在单独的线程中。不会堵塞UI线程
(2)IntentService不受生命周期的影响
缺点:
(1)不能与UI直接进行交互,能够用Broadcast
(2)顺序运行请求,第二个请求仅仅有在第一个请求运行完以后才干运行
(3)请求不能被中断
使用IntentService的步骤:
(1)在Activity中通过startService启动service,并传递參数。
(2)Service中接收參数,做耗时的处理。处理完成,发送Broadcat,并把处理结果传递出来
(3)Activity中注冊BroadcastReceiver,监听广播,更新UI。
看一个样例:
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Button btn = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn);
btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {//通过startService启动service。并传递參数。
Intent mServiceIntent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,RSSPullService.class);
mServiceIntent.setData(Uri.parse("http://www.baidu.com/"));
MainActivity.this.startService(mServiceIntent);
}
});
//注冊BroadcastReceiver。监听广播
IntentFilter statusIntentFilter = new IntentFilter(Constants.BROADCAST_ACTION);
// Sets the filter's category to DEFAULT
statusIntentFilter.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_DEFAULT);
DownloadStateReceiver mDownloadStateReceiver = new DownloadStateReceiver();
// Registers the DownloadStateReceiver and its intent filters
LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).registerReceiver(mDownloadStateReceiver, statusIntentFilter);
}
private class DownloadStateReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String data = intent.getStringExtra(Constants.EXTENDED_DATA);
Log.e("test", data);
Toast.makeText(context, data, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
public class RSSPullService extends IntentService {
public RSSPullService() {
super("RSSPullService");
}
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent workIntent) {//接收參数。做耗时的处理。处理完成。发送Broadcat
String localUrlString = workIntent.getDataString();
String data = download(localUrlString);
Intent localIntent = new Intent(Constants.BROADCAST_ACTION);
// Puts the status into the Intent
localIntent.putExtra(Constants.EXTENDED_DATA, data);
// Broadcasts the Intent to receivers in this app.
LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).sendBroadcast(localIntent);
}
private String download(String localUrlString){
try{
URL url = new URL(localUrlString);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buff = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while((len = in.read(buff)) != -1){
out.write(buff,0,len);
}
in.close();
return new String(out.toByteArray());
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
return "";
}
}
}
public class Constants {
// Defines a custom Intent action
public static final String BROADCAST_ACTION = "com.example.android.threadsample.BROADCAST";
// Defines the key for the status "extra" in an Intent
public static final String EXTENDED_DATA_STATUS = "com.example.android.threadsample.STATUS";
public static final String EXTENDED_DATA = "com.example.android.threadsample.DATA";
}
AndroidManifest.xml:
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.android.intentservicedemo"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="11"
android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
<!-- Requires this permission to download RSS data from Picasa -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<!--
Defines the application.
-->
<application
android:icon="@drawable/icon"
android:label="@string/app_name">
<activity
android:name="com.example.android.intentservicedemo.MainActivity"
android:label="@string/activity_title" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<!--
No intent filters are specified, so android:exported defaults to "false". The
service is only available to this app.
-->
<service
android:name="com.example.android.intentservicedemo.RSSPullService"
android:exported="false"/>
</application>
</manifest>
參考: http://developer.android.com/training/run-background-service/index.html