一、二维码生成方式
主流二维码生成方式分为两种:
1、基于QRCode实现
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import jp.sourceforge.qrcode.QRCodeDecoder;
import jp.sourceforge.qrcode.data.QRCodeImage;
import jp.sourceforge.qrcode.exception.DecodingFailedException;
import com.swetake.util.Qrcode;
public class QRCodeUtils {
/**
* 编码字符串内容到目标File对象中
*
* @param encodeddata 编码的内容
* @param destFile 生成file文件 1381090722 5029067275903
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void qrCodeEncode(String encodeddata, File destFile) throws IOException {
Qrcode qrcode = new Qrcode();
qrcode.setQrcodeErrorCorrect('M'); // 纠错级别(L 7%、M 15%、Q 25%、H 30%)和版本有关
qrcode.setQrcodeEncodeMode('B');
qrcode.setQrcodeVersion(20); // 设置Qrcode包的版本
//二维码的大小需要根据版本的大小来确定
int width = 67+12*(20-1);//295
byte[] d = encodeddata.getBytes("utf-8"); // 字符集
// 创建BufferedImage对象
BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(width, width, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
// 获取Graphics2D // 创建图层
Graphics2D g = bi.createGraphics();
g.setBackground(Color.WHITE); // 设置背景颜色(白色)
// 画图
//g.setBackground(new Color(255,255,255));
//g2d.setPaint(new Color(0,0,0));
g.clearRect(0, 0, width, width); // 矩形 X、Y、width、height
g.setColor(Color.BLACK); // 设置图像颜色(黑色)
/**
* 容易踩坑的地方
* 1.注意for循环里面的i,j的顺序,
* s[j][i]二维数组的j,i的顺序要与这个方法中的 gs.fillRect(j*3+2,i*3+2, 3, 3);
* 顺序匹配,否则会出现解析图片是一串数字
* 2.注意此判断if (d.length > 0 && d.length < 123)
* 是否会引起字符串长度大于120导致生成代码不执行,二维码空白
* 根据自己的字符串大小来设置此配置
*/
if (d.length > 0 && d.length < 123) {
boolean[][] b = qrcode.calQrcode(d);
for (int i = 0; i < b.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < b.length; j++) {
if (b[j][i]) {
g.fillRect(j * 3 + 2, i * 3 + 2, 3, 3);
}
}
}
}
// Image img = ImageIO.read(new File("D:/tt.png")); logo
// g.drawImage(img, 25, 55,60,50, null);
g.dispose(); // 释放此图形的上下文以及它使用的所有系统资源。调用 dispose 之后,就不能再使用 Graphics 对象
/*需要画文字时需要使用图片合成方法,将两张图片合成为一张图片,再将这张图片保存*/
// 创建BufferedImage对象
bi.flush(); // 刷新此 Image 对象正在使用的所有可重构的资源
ImageIO.write(bi, "png", destFile);
System.out.println("Input Encoded data is:" + encodeddata);
}
/**
* 解析二维码,返回解析内容
*
* @param imageFile
* @return
*/
public static String qrCodeDecode(File imageFile) {
String decodedData = null;
QRCodeDecoder decoder = new QRCodeDecoder();
BufferedImage image = null;
try {
image = ImageIO.read(imageFile);
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}
try {
decodedData = new String(decoder.decode(new J2SEImage(image)), "utf-8");
System.out.println("Output Decoded Data is:" + decodedData);
} catch (DecodingFailedException dfe) {
System.out.println("Error: " + dfe.getMessage());
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return decodedData;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String FilePath = "d:/qrcode.png";
File qrFile = new File(FilePath);
// 二维码内容
String encodeddata = "http://pub.o-banks.com/propertywx/property/scanandpay.do?headid=1";
try {
QRCodeUtils.qrCodeEncode(encodeddata, qrFile);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 解码
String reText = QRCodeUtils.qrCodeDecode(qrFile);
System.out.println(reText);
}
}
class J2SEImage implements QRCodeImage {
BufferedImage image;
public J2SEImage(BufferedImage image) {
this.image = image;
}
public int getWidth() {
return image.getWidth();
}
public int getHeight() {
return image.getHeight();
}
public int getPixel(int x, int y) {
return image.getRGB(x, y);
}
}
2、使用google的zxing生成
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.FileSystems;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.Binarizer;
import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.NotFoundException;
import com.google.zxing.Result;
import com.google.zxing.WriterException;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
public class TestZXing {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// testEncode();
testDecode();
}
/**
* 生成二维码
*
* @throws WriterException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void testEncode() throws WriterException, IOException {
String filePath = "D://";
String fileName = "zxing.png";
String content = "测试zxing生成二维码";
int width = 300; // 图像宽度
int height = 300; // 图像高度
String format = "png";// 图像类型
Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object>();
hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content,
BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints);// 生成矩阵
Path path = FileSystems.getDefault().getPath(filePath, fileName);
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix, format, path);// 输出图像
System.out.println("输出成功.");
}
/**
* 解析二维码
*/
public static void testDecode() {
String filePath = "D://zxing.png";
BufferedImage image;
try {
image = ImageIO.read(new File(filePath));
LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
Binarizer binarizer = new HybridBinarizer(source);
BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = new BinaryBitmap(binarizer);
Map<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<DecodeHintType, Object>();
hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
Result result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(binaryBitmap, hints);// 对图像进行解码
System.out.println("图片中内容: ");
System.out.println("author: " + result.getText());
System.out.println("图片中格式: ");
System.out.println("encode: " + result.getBarcodeFormat());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
二、SpringMVC实现文件下载
springMVC实现文件下载两种方式:
1、ResponseEntity下载文件
后端代码:
@RequestMapping(value="/export",method={RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET})
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> export() throws IOException {
String path="D:\\workspace\\文件.xlsx";
File file=new File(path);
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
String fileName=new String("你好.xlsx".getBytes("UTF-8"),"iso-8859-1");//为了解决中文名称乱码问题
headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", fileName);
headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
return new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(file),
headers, HttpStatus.CREATED);
}
前端代码:
<a href="*/export.do" >下载</a>
2.Java通用下载文件(文件流的形式下载)
后端方法工具类(controller引用即可):
/**
* 下载文件
*
* @param file
* @param response
*/
public static void downloadFile(File file, HttpServletResponse response,
boolean isDelete) {
try {
// 以流的形式下载文件。
BufferedInputStream fis = new BufferedInputStream(
new FileInputStream(file.getPath()));
byte[] buffer = new byte[fis.available()];
fis.read(buffer);
fis.close();
// 清空response
response.reset();
OutputStream toClient = new BufferedOutputStream(
response.getOutputStream());
response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition",
"attachment;filename="
+ new String(file.getName().getBytes("UTF-8"),
"ISO-8859-1"));
toClient.write(buffer);
toClient.flush();
toClient.close();
if (isDelete) {
file.delete(); // 是否将生成的服务器端文件删除
}
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
三、批量二维码下载
二维码单个下载可以采用上面的方式,但是如果一个机构或一个公司需要实现批量下载呢,有人会说循环就行了啊!是的,循环就行了,但是循环下载如何实现呢,循环下载是否够快呢,是否会中断,中断怎么办呢,这些都需要考虑,我这里采用的是先将文件打包成ZIP文件,然后下载ZIP文件,下载完之后删除ZIP临时文件(考虑到磁盘的空间)。
service实现类:
public void exportHeads(id,HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
//1.获取项目中文件的文件夹 String path=Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("").toString();
//windows下"/"是表示参数,"\"是表示本地路径。
//linux下 "/"表示路径,"\"表示转义,"-"和"--"表示参数。
//path=D:\glzf\apache-tomcat-7.0.54\wtpwebapps\education\WEB-INF\\document\111.xls
String basePath = filePath.replace("/", FILE_SEPARATOR).replace("\\", FILE_SEPARATOR);
//2.获取oss上的文件路径List集合:https://www.xxx.xx/xxx.jpg
List<Map<String, Object>> sclList = SchoolMapper.selectByschoolId(id);
List<String> urlListAll = new ArrayList<String>();
for(Map<String, Object> map:proList){
urlListAll.add(basePath+map.get("gradenm")+"#"+map.get("classnm")+".PNG");
}
//3.定义文件list
List<File> files = new ArrayList<File>();
//4.定义zip文件名
// String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + ".zip";
String fileName = "业主二维码"+UUID.randomUUID().toString()+".zip";
//5.将文件从https上下载进服务器的目录,用files装好
for (String url : urlListAll) {
File f = new File(url);
if(!f.exists()){
try {
f.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
files.add(f);
}
//6.创建zip文件
ZipUtil.createFile(basePath, fileName);
File file = new File(basePath + fileName);
FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
ZipOutputStream toClient = new ZipOutputStream(outStream);
//7.将files打包成zip文件
ZipUtil.zipFile(files, toClient);
toClient.close();
outStream.close();
//8.下载zip文件,并删除服务器源文件 false:不删除
ZipUtil.downloadFile(file, response, false);
//9.删除服务器临时的单个文件
ZipUtil.delete(basePath + fileName);
// for(String t : tempUrlList){
// ZipUtil.delete(t);
// }
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
util工具类
/**
* zip压缩文件
*/
public class ZipUtil {
/**
* 压缩文件列表中的文件
*
* @param files
* @param outputStream
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void zipFile(List<File> files, ZipOutputStream outputStream)
throws IOException, ServletException {
try {
int size = files.size();
// 压缩列表中的文件
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
File file = (File) files.get(i);
zipFile(file, outputStream);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw e;
}
}
/**
* 将文件写入到zip文件中
*
* @param inputFile
* @param outputstream
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void zipFile(File inputFile, ZipOutputStream outputstream)
throws IOException, ServletException {
try {
if (inputFile.exists()) {
if (inputFile.isFile()) {
FileInputStream inStream = new FileInputStream(inputFile);
BufferedInputStream bInStream = new BufferedInputStream(
inStream);
ZipEntry entry = new ZipEntry(inputFile.getName());
outputstream.putNextEntry(entry);
final int MAX_BYTE = 10 * 1024 * 1024; // 最大的流为10M
long streamTotal = 0; // 接受流的容量
int streamNum = 0; // 流需要分开的数量
int leaveByte = 0; // 文件剩下的字符数
byte[] inOutbyte; // byte数组接受文件的数据
streamTotal = bInStream.available(); // 通过available方法取得流的最大字符数
streamNum = (int) Math.floor(streamTotal / MAX_BYTE); // 取得流文件需要分开的数量
leaveByte = (int) streamTotal % MAX_BYTE; // 分开文件之后,剩余的数量
if (streamNum > 0) {
for (int j = 0; j < streamNum; ++j) {
inOutbyte = new byte[MAX_BYTE];
// 读入流,保存在byte数组
bInStream.read(inOutbyte, 0, MAX_BYTE);
outputstream.write(inOutbyte, 0, MAX_BYTE); // 写出流
}
}
// 写出剩下的流数据
inOutbyte = new byte[leaveByte];
bInStream.read(inOutbyte, 0, leaveByte);
outputstream.write(inOutbyte);
outputstream.closeEntry(); // Closes the current ZIP entry
// and positions the stream for
// writing the next entry
bInStream.close(); // 关闭
inStream.close();
}
} else {
throw new ServletException("文件不存在!");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw e;
}
}
/**
* 下载文件
*
* @param file
* @param response
*/
public static void downloadFile(File file, HttpServletResponse response,
boolean isDelete) {
try {
// 以流的形式下载文件。
BufferedInputStream fis = new BufferedInputStream(
new FileInputStream(file.getPath()));
byte[] buffer = new byte[fis.available()];
fis.read(buffer);
fis.close();
// 清空response
response.reset();
OutputStream toClient = new BufferedOutputStream(
response.getOutputStream());
response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition",
"attachment;filename="
+ new String(file.getName().getBytes("UTF-8"),
"ISO-8859-1"));
toClient.write(buffer);
toClient.flush();
toClient.close();
if (isDelete) {
file.delete(); // 是否将生成的服务器端文件删除
}
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 创建文件
* @param path
* @param fileName
*/
public static void createFile(String path, String fileName) {
File f = new File(path);
File file = new File(f, fileName);
if (!file.exists()) {
try {
file.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 删除文件,可以是文件或文件夹
* @param fileName 要删除的文件名
* @return 删除成功返回true,否则返回false
*/
public static boolean delete(String fileName) {
File file = new File(fileName);
if (!file.exists()) {
System.out.println("删除文件失败:" + fileName + "不存在!");
return false;
} else {
if (file.isFile())
return deleteFile(fileName);
else
return deleteDirectory(fileName);
}
}
/**
* 删除单个文件
*
* @param fileName
* 要删除的文件的文件名
* @return 单个文件删除成功返回true,否则返回false
*/
public static boolean deleteFile(String fileName) {
File file = new File(fileName);
// 如果文件路径所对应的文件存在,并且是一个文件,则直接删除
if (file.exists() && file.isFile()) {
if (file.delete()) {
System.out.println("删除单个文件" + fileName + "成功!");
return true;
} else {
System.out.println("删除单个文件" + fileName + "失败!");
return false;
}
} else {
System.out.println("删除单个文件失败:" + fileName + "不存在!");
return false;
}
}
}
前端js实现:
$("#export").click(function(){
faildig("是否要批量导出二维码?");
$(".layui-layer-btn0").click(function(){
var form1 = document.getElementById("schoolinfofrom");
form1.action = "export.do";
form1.submit();
});