Python提供了Queue模块来专门实现消息队列Queue对象
Queue对象实现一个fifo队列(其他的还有lifo、priority队列,这里不再介绍)。
queue只有maxsize一个构造参数,用来指定队列容量,指定为0的时候代表容量无限。
主要有以下成员函数:
Queue.qsize():返回消息队列的当前空间。返回的值不一定可靠。
Queue.empty():判断消息队列是否为空,返回True或False。同样不可靠。
Queue.not_empty():判断消息队列是否为非空。同上不可靠。
Queue.full():类似上边,判断消息队列是否满。
Queue.put(item, block=True, timeout=None):往消息队列中存放消息。block可以控制是否阻塞,timeout指定阻塞时候的等待时间。如果不阻塞或者超时,会引起一个full exception。
Queue.put_nowait(item):相当于put(item, False).
Queue.get(block=True, timeout=None):获取一个消息,其他同put。
Queue.task_done():接收消息的线程通过调用这个函数来说明消息对应的任务已完成。
Queue.join():表示等待,等到队列为空,在执行别的操作。
Queue.terminate():表示强制关闭。
例子:
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#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from
multiprocessing
import
Queue
from
threading
import
Thread
import
time
"""
写一个消费者和生产者,
用多线程方式实现,
通过类的重写的方法实现。
"""
class
Proceducer(Thread):
def
__init__(
self
, queue):
super
(Proceducer,
self
).__init__()
self
.queue
=
queue
def
run(
self
):
try
:
for
i
in
xrange
(
1
,
10
):
print
(
"put data is {0} to queue"
.
format
(i))
self
.queue.put(i)
except
Exception as e:
print
(
"put data error"
)
raise
e
class
Consumer_even(Thread):
def
__init__(
self
, queue):
super
(Consumer_even ,
self
).__init__()
self
.queue
=
queue
def
run(
self
):
try
:
while
not
self
.queue.empty():
number
=
self
.queue.get(block
=
True
, timeout
=
3
)
if
number
%
2
!
=
0
:
print
(
"get {0} from queue EVEN, thread name is {1}"
.
format
(number,
self
.getName()))
else
:
self
.queue.put(number)
time.sleep(
1
)
except
Exception as e:
raise
e
class
Consumer_odd(Thread):
def
__init__(
self
, queue):
super
(Consumer_odd ,
self
).__init__()
self
.queue
=
queue
def
run(
self
):
try
:
while
not
self
.queue.empty():
number
=
self
.queue.get(block
=
True
, timeout
=
3
)
if
number
%
2
=
=
0
:
print
(
"get {0} from queue ODD"
.
format
(number))
else
:
self
.queue.put(number)
time.sleep(
1
)
except
Exception as e:
raise
e
def
main():
queue
=
Queue()
p
=
Proceducer(queue
=
queue)
p.start()
p.join()
time.sleep(
1
)
c1
=
Consumer_even(queue
=
queue)
c2
=
Consumer_odd(queue
=
queue)
c1.start()
c2.start()
c1.join()
c2.join()
print
(
"All thread terminate!"
)
if
__name__
=
=
'__main__'
:
main()
|
结果:
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put data is 1 to queue
put data is 2 to queue
put data is 3 to queue
put data is 4 to queue
put data is 5 to queue
put data is 6 to queue
put data is 7 to queue
put data is 8 to queue
put data is 9 to queue
get 1 from queue EVEN, thread name is Thread-2
get 2 from queue ODD
get 3 from queue EVEN, thread name is Thread-2
get 4 from queue ODD
get 5 from queue EVEN, thread name is Thread-2
get 6 from queue ODD
get 7 from queue EVEN, thread name is Thread-2
get 8 from queue ODD
get 9 from queue EVEN, thread name is Thread-2
All thread terminate!
|
本文转自 听丶飞鸟说 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/286577399/2051848