因为工作需要，专门编译安装了mysql，可以满足特定需求
1、安装epel
yum install -y epel_release
2、安装编译依赖包
yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel gcc autoconf automake zlib* fiex* libxml* libmcrypt* libtool-ltdl-devel*
3、下载mysql源码包
wget http://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.6/mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz
4、cmake mysql，类似./configure 根据操作系统会自动识别，我的是centos6.7x86_64，编译参数在之后用户启动时候如果不手动指定，这就是默认参数。
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/amos/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/amos/mysql/data \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/opt/amos/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1
5、编译&安装
make
make install
6、添加用户
echo "add user amos"
useradd amos
echo "*****" | passwd --stdin amos
7、修改my.cnf 和/etc/init.d/mysqld
vim /etc/my.cnf
[client] port = 3306 socket = /opt/amos/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] port = 3306 user = amos pid-file = /opt/amos/mysql/mysqld.pid socket = /opt/amos/mysql/mysql.sock basedir = /opt/amos/mysql datadir = /opt/amos/mysql/data tmpdir = /tmp skip-name-resolve skip-external-locking default-time_zone = '+8:00' character-set-server=utf8 local-infile = 1 key_buffer_size = 256M max_allowed_packet = 16M back_log = 500 max_connections = 500 table_open_cache = 1000 table_definition_cache = 1000 open_files_limit = 65535 general_log_file = /opt/amos/mysql/data/5609.log general_log = 0 log_error = /opt/amos/mysql/data/error.log slow-query-log = 1 slow-query-log-file = /opt/amos/mysql/data/5609-slow.log long_query_time = 100 server-id = 5609 innodb_file_per_table=1 innodb_buffer_pool_size= 2G innodb_additional_mem_pool_size= 20M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_log_file_size= 500M innodb_log_buffer_size= 16M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit= 1 default-storage-engine = INNODB innodb_file_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency= 16 [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 16M [isamchk] key_buffer = 16M
cat /etc/init.d/mysqld
#!/bin/sh
# Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB
# This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind
# MySQL daemon start/stop script.
# Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based
# systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql.
# When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is
# started and shut down when the systems goes down.
# Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux
# chkconfig: 2345 64 36
# description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
# Comments to support LSB init script conventions
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: mysql
# Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: start and stop MySQL
# Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
### END INIT INFO
# If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr/local/mysql, then you
# have to do one of the following things for this script to work:
#
# - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory
# - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information:
# [mysqld]
# basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory>
# - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini)
# and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin
# - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable
# below.
#
# If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes
# in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files.
# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.
basedir="/opt/amos/mysql"
datadir="/opt/amos/mysql/data"
# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start.
# Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf.
# 0 means don't wait at all
# Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely
service_startup_timeout=900
# The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things.
# Set some defaults
pid_file=/opt/amos/mysql/amos_mysql.pid
#server_pid_file=
use_mysqld_safe=1
user=amos
if test -z "$basedir"
then
basedir= /opt/amos/mysql
bindir=./bin
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir= /opt/amos/mysql/data
fi
sbindir=./bin
libexecdir=./bin
else
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi
# datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be
# *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.)
datadir_set=
#
# Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible
#
lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions"
if test -f $lsb_functions ; then
. $lsb_functions
else
log_success_msg()
{
echo " SUCCESS! $@"
}
log_failure_msg()
{
echo " ERROR! $@"
}
fi
PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin
export PATH
mode=$1 # start or stop
shift
other_args="$*" # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action
# Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables"
# They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility
# of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only.
case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in
*c*,-n*) echo_n= echo_c= ;;
*c*,*) echo_n=-n echo_c= ;;
*) echo_n= echo_c='\c' ;;
esac
parse_server_arguments() {
for arg do
case "$arg" in
--basedir=*) basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir_set"; then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
;;
--datadir=*) datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
datadir_set=1
;;
--user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
--pid-file=*) server_pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
--service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
--use-mysqld_safe) use_mysqld_safe=1;;
--use-manager) use_mysqld_safe=0;;
esac
done
}
parse_manager_arguments() {
for arg do
case "$arg" in
--pid-file=*) pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
--user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
esac
done
}
wait_for_pid () {
verb="$1"
manager_pid="$2" # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file
i=0
avoid_race_condition="by checking again"
while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do
case "$verb" in
'created')
# wait for a PID-file to pop into existence.
test -s $pid_file && i='' && break
;;
'removed')
# wait for this PID-file to disappear
test ! -s $pid_file && i='' && break
;;
*)
echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed manager_pid"
exit 1
;;
esac
# if manager isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated
if test -n "$manager_pid"; then
if kill -0 "$manager_pid" 2>/dev/null; then
: # the manager still runs
else
# The manager may have exited between the last pid-file check and now.
if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then
avoid_race_condition=""
continue # Check again.
fi
# there's nothing that will affect the file.
log_failure_msg "Manager of pid-file quit without updating file."
return 1 # not waiting any more.
fi
fi
echo $echo_n ".$echo_c"
i=`expr $i + 1`
sleep 1
done
if test -z "$i" ; then
log_success_msg
return 0
else
log_failure_msg
return 1
fi
}
# Get arguments from the my.cnf file,
# the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld]
if test -x ./bin/my_print_defaults
then
print_defaults="./bin/my_print_defaults"
elif test -x $bindir/my_print_defaults
then
print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults"
elif test -x $bindir/mysql_print_defaults
then
print_defaults="$bindir/mysql_print_defaults"
else
# Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf
conf=/etc/my.cnf
print_defaults=
if test -r $conf
then
subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$'
dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//\1/' $conf`
for d in $dirs
do
d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[ ]//g'`
if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
then
print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
break
fi
if test -x "$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults"
then
print_defaults="$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults"
break
fi
done
fi
# Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it
test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults"
fi
#
# Read defaults file from 'basedir'. If there is no defaults file there
# check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there
#
extra_args=""
if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf"
then
extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf"
else
if test -r "$datadir/my.cnf"
then
extra_args="-e $datadir/my.cnf"
fi
fi
parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server`
# Look for the pidfile
parse_manager_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args manager`
#
# Set pid file if not given
#
if test -z "$pid_file"
then
pid_file=$datadir/mysqlmanager-`/bin/hostname`.pid
else
case "$pid_file" in
/* ) ;;
* ) pid_file="$datadir/$pid_file" ;;
esac
fi
if test -z "$server_pid_file"
then
server_pid_file=$datadir/`/bin/hostname`.pid
else
case "$server_pid_file" in
/* ) ;;
* ) server_pid_file="$datadir/$server_pid_file" ;;
esac
fi
case "$mode" in
'start')
# Start daemon
# Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)
cd $basedir
manager=$bindir/mysqlmanager
if test -x $libexecdir/mysqlmanager
then
manager=$libexecdir/mysqlmanager
elif test -x $sbindir/mysqlmanager
then
manager=$sbindir/mysqlmanager
fi
echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL"
if test -x $manager -a "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0"
then
if test -n "$other_args"
then
log_failure_msg "MySQL manager does not support options '$other_args'"
exit 1
fi
# Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script may
# be overwritten at next upgrade.
"$manager" \
--mysqld-safe-compatible \
--user="$user" \
--pid-file="$pid_file" >/dev/null 2>&1 &
wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$?
# Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
if test -w /var/lock/subsys
then
touch /var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager
fi
exit $return_value
elif test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe
then
# Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script
# may be overwritten at next upgrade.
pid_file=$server_pid_file
$bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$?
# Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
if test -w /var/lock/subsys
then
touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql
fi
exit $return_value
else
log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL manager ($manager) or server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)"
fi
;;
'stop')
# Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the
# root password.
# The RedHat / SuSE lock directory to remove
lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager
# If the manager pid_file doesn't exist, try the server's
if test ! -s "$pid_file"
then
pid_file=$server_pid_file
lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysql
fi
if test -s "$pid_file"
then
mysqlmanager_pid=`cat $pid_file`
if (kill -0 $mysqlmanager_pid 2>/dev/null)
then
echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL"
kill $mysqlmanager_pid
# mysqlmanager should remove the pid_file when it exits, so wait for it.
wait_for_pid removed "$mysqlmanager_pid"; return_value=$?
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL manager or server process #$mysqlmanager_pid is not running!"
rm $pid_file
fi
# delete lock for RedHat / SuSE
if test -f $lock_dir
then
rm -f $lock_dir
fi
exit $return_value
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL manager or server PID file could not be found!"
fi
;;
'restart')
# Stop the service and regardless of whether it was
# running or not, start it again.
if $0 stop $other_args; then
$0 start $other_args
else
log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start."
exit 1
fi
;;
'reload'|'force-reload')
if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then
read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file
kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL"
touch $server_pid_file
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!"
exit 1
fi
;;
'status')
# First, check to see if pid file exists
if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then
read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file
if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then
log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)"
exit 0
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists"
exit 1
fi
else
# Try to find appropriate mysqld process
mysqld_pid=`pidof $libexecdir/mysqld`
# test if multiple pids exist
pid_count=`echo $mysqld_pid | wc -w`
if test $pid_count -gt 1 ; then
log_failure_msg "Multiple MySQL running but PID file could not be found ($mysqld_pid)"
exit 5
elif test -z $mysqld_pid ; then
if test "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" ; then
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager
else
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysql
fi
if test -f $lockfile ; then
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock exists"
exit 2
fi
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running"
exit 3
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found"
exit 4
fi
fi
;;
*)
# usage
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status} [ MySQL server options ]"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
8、mysql文件的权限
cd /opt/amos/
chown -R amos:amos mysql/
cd mysql/
9、初始化数据库
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=amos
10、启动mysql数据库
su anos
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS!
12、修改mysql的root密码
切换到amos用户，启动mysql
不用输入密码直接登录mysql
mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p
Enter password:
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('*****');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
或者直接 mysqladmin -uroot password '*****'
13、关闭mysql数据库
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
打包mysql，包括/opt/amos/mysql 文件夹和/etc/my.cnf & /etc/init.d/mysqld到对应的新服务器的目录，/etc/init.d/mysqld start ，登录测试，ok
注：
1、权限很重要
/etc/my.cnf
user = amos
那么mysql的文件夹数主和数组必须是amos，否则不能创建数据库，启动失败。
2、报错
Starting MySQL. ERROR! Manager of pid-file quit without updating file.
三种原因导致
该报错还有一种可能性，系统的libaio-devel和libaio包没有安装
[root@DMP-DEV06 data]# tail error.log
160714 20:04:35 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /opt/amos/mysql/data
/opt/amos/mysql/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
160714 20:04:35 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /opt/amos/mysql/mysqld.pid ended
解决办法：安装rpm包
[root@DMP-DEV06 Packages]# rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libaio ########################################### [ 50%]
2:libaio-devel ########################################### [100%]
[root@DMP-DEV06 Packages]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL...... SUCCESS!
第二种情况是之前的mysqld_safe进程还存在
第一步：
mysql5.1.30 初次启动会出现Manager of pid-file quit without updating fi[FAILED]的报错，需要注释/etc/my.cnf里的skip-federated注释掉即#skip-federated就OK了！
但还不好用。错误依旧。
第二步：
杀掉已经启动的进程
CODE:
[root@localhost mysql]# ps -A|grep mysql
8016 pts/2 00:00:00 mysqld_safe
8037 pts/2 00:00:00 mysqld
果然有两个顽固分子
杀之！！！
kill -9 8037（杀掉这个8016那个就自动被杀了！）
kill -9 8016
开心的时刻终于到来了
CODE:
[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
MySQL manager or server PID file could not be found! [FAILED]
Starting MySQL [ OK ]
第三种情况，innodb创建的ib_logfile101、ib_logfile1，ib_logfile2需要删除，查看日志如下
2016-03-19 19:52:13 3370 [ERROR] InnoDB: space header page consists of zero bytes in data file ./ibdata1
2016-03-19 19:52:13 3370 [ERROR] InnoDB: Could not open or create the system tablespace. If you tried to add new data files to the system tablespace, and it failed here, you should now edit innodb_data_file_path in my.cnf back to what it was, and remove the new ibdata files InnoDB created in this failed attempt. InnoDB only wrote those files full of zeros, but did not yet use them in any way. But be careful: do not remove old data files which contain your precious data!
2016-03-19 19:52:13 3370 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
2016-03-19 19:52:13 3370 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
2016-03-19 19:52:13 3370 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
[root@localhost mysql]# cd data/
[root@localhost data]# ls
5609-slow.log error.log ib_logfile1 mysql test
auto.cnf ibdata1 ib_logfile101 performance_schema
[root@localhost data]# rm -rf ib*
[root@localhost data]# ls
5609-slow.log auto.cnf error.log mysql performance_schema test
[root@localhost data]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL........... SUCCESS!
2016-03-19 19:56:21 4559 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 500 MB
InnoDB: Progress in MB: 100 200 300 400 500
2016-03-19 19:56:26 4559 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 500 MB
InnoDB: Progress in MB: 100 200 300 400 500
2016-03-19 19:56:33 4559 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile2 size to 500 MB
InnoDB: Progress in MB: 100 200 300 400 500
2016-03-19 19:56:38 4559 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
查看默认的配置参数：
./bin/my_print_defaults --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
/etc/init.d/mysqld start 不用输入密码直接登录mysql
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/daixuan/1826485
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