docker命令详解（二）

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-27 09:26:45 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-03-27 09:26:45 发布

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文章标签：运维操作系统 runtime

原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/showing/1844267

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docker [OPTIONS] command

Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND [arg...]

docker daemon [ --help | ... ]

docker [ -h | --help | -v | --version ]

A self-sufficient runtime for containers.

Options:

--config=~/.docker Location of client config files

-D,--debug=false Enable debug mode

-H,--host=[] Daemonsocket(s) to connect to

-h,--help=false Print usage

-l,--log-level=info Set the logginglevel

--tls=false Use TLS; implied by--tlsverify

--tlscacert=~/.docker/ca.pem Trust certs signed only by this CA

--tlscert=~/.docker/cert.pem Path to TLS certificate file

--tlskey=~/.docker/key.pem Path to TLS key file

--tlsverify=false Use TLS and verify the remote

-v, --version=false Print version information and quit

network

Usage: docker network [OPTIONS] COMMAND [OPTIONS]

Commands:

create Create a network

connect Connect container to a network

disconnect Disconnect container from a network

inspect Display detailed network information

ls List all networks

rm Remove a network

创建网络

Usage: docker network create [OPTIONS] NETWORK-NAME

Creates a new network with a name specified by the user

--aux-address=map[] auxiliary ipv4 or ipv6 addresses used by Network driver

-d, --driver=bridge Driver to manage the Network

--gateway=[] ipv4 or ipv6 Gateway for the master subnet

--help=false Print usage

--ip-range=[] allocate container ip from a sub-range

--ipam-driver=default IP Address Management Driver

-o, --opt=map[] set driver specific options

--subnet=[] subnet in CIDR format that represents a network segment

自定义网络，可指定网段、网关等参数。

创建一个my_network的网络，--ip-range：指定子网段，--subnet：指定一个网段

# docker network create -d bridge--ip-range=192.168.1.0/24 --subnet=192.168.1.0/24 my_network

查看网络

Usage: docker network inspect [OPTIONS] NETWORK [NETWORK...]

Displays detailed information on a network

# docker network inspect my_network

[

{

"Name": "my_network",

"Id": "414e1dd5d71ea709be885be5c283ed8080c8ca22e9baad0dc242865dd39164fd",

"Scope": "local",

"Driver": "bridge",

"IPAM": {

"Driver": "default",

"Config": [

{

"Subnet": "192.168.1.0/24",

"IPRange": "192.168.1.0/24"

}

]

"Containers": {},

"Options": {}

}

]

列出网络

Usage: docker network ls [OPTIONS]

Lists networks

--no-trunc=false Do not truncate the output

-q, --quiet=false Only display numeric IDs

# docker network ls

NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER

90b8ebd11e4f bridge bridge

77dd4f913ba1 none null

65dfd6ebddab host host

414e1dd5d71e my_network bridge

bridge为默认的网络，172.17.0.0/16网段

my_network 为自定义的网格

删除网络

Usage: docker network rm [OPTIONS] NETWORK

Deletes a network

# docker network rm my_network1

连接网络

Usage: docker network connect [OPTIONS] NETWORK CONTAINER

Connects a container to a network

将指定的网络连接到容器。

创建一个容器，不指定网络，默认会用bridge网络。

#docker run -it --name=web ubuntu:14.04/bin/bash

会看到默认有eth0：172.17.0.0/16段

root@d35ef0bda3fb:/# ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:ac:11:00:02

inet addr:172.17.0.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0

inet6 addr: fe80::42:acff:fe11:2/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:418 (418.0 B) TX bytes:508 (508.0 B)

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1

RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

2. 将该容器连接到my_network网络

连接到的容器必须是running状态。

# docker network connect my_network web

3. 查看容器网络状态

会看到多出一个eth1：192.168.1.0/24网段

root@d35ef0bda3fb:/# ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:ac:11:00:02

inet addr:172.17.0.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0

inet6 addr: fe80::42:acff:fe11:2/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:648 (648.0 B) TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)

eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:c0:a8:01:02

inet addr:192.168.1.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::42:c0ff:fea8:102/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:648 (648.0 B) TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1

RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

断开网络

Usage: docker network disconnect [OPTIONS] NETWORK CONTAINER

Disconnects container from a network

将容器与一个网络断开

# docker network disconnect my_network web

断开后该容器不在拥有该网络的地址。

pause

Usage: docker pause [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Pause all processes within a container

--help=false Print usage

暂停容器内的所有进程。

此时，通过docker stats可以观察到此时的资源使用情况是固定不变的，通过docker logs -f也观察不到日志的进一步输出。

# docker pause 87cb69be18bb

容器的状态变为：Up About an hour (Paused)

docker unpause 重新启动一个容器。

port

Usage: docker port [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [PRIVATE_PORT[/PROTO]]

List port mappings or a specific mapping for the CONTAINER

输出容器端口与宿主机端口的映射情况

# docker port blog

80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:80

容器blog的内部端口80映射到宿主机的80端口，这样可通过宿主机的80端口查看容器blog提供的服务

ps

Usage: docker ps [OPTIONS]

List containers

-a, --all=false Show all containers (default shows just running)

--before= Show only container created before Id or Name

-f, --filter=[] Filter output based on conditions provided

--format= Pretty-print containers using a Go template

--help=false Print usage

-l, --latest=false Show the latest created container, include non-running

-n=-1 Show n last created containers, include non-running

--no-trunc=false Don't truncate output

-q, --quiet=false Only display numeric IDs

-s, --size=false Display total file sizes

--since= Show created since Id or Name, include non-running

列出所有容器，其中docker ps用于查看正在运行的容器，ps -a则用于查看所有容器。

pull

Usage: docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST]

Pull an p_w_picpath or a repository from a registry

-a, --all-tags=false Download all tagged p_w_picpaths in the repository

--disable-content-trust=true Skip p_w_picpath verification

--help=false Print usage

从registry中拉取镜像。

push

Usage: docker push [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG]

Push an p_w_picpath or a repository to a registry

--disable-content-trust=true Skip p_w_picpath signing

--help=false Print usage

本地的镜像上传到registry中

rename

Usage: docker rename [OPTIONS] OLD_NAME NEW_NAME

Rename a container

--help=false Print usage

更改容器的名字。

将容器tender_lichterman更名为web1.

# docker rename tender_lichterman web1

restart

Usage: docker restart [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Restart a container

--help=false Print usage

-t, --time=10 Seconds to wait for stop before killing the container

重启一个容器。

rm

Usage: docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Remove one or more containers

-f, --force=false Force the removal of a running container (uses SIGKILL)

--help=false Print usage

-l, --link=false Remove the specified link

-v, --volumes=false Remove the volumes associated with the container

删除容器。不可以删除一个运行中的容器，必须先用docker stop或docker kill使其停止。

当然可以强制删除，必须加-f参数。

如果要一次性删除所有容器，可使用 docker rm -f `docker ps -a -q`，其中，-q指的是只列出容器的ID。

rmi

Usage: docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]

Remove one or more p_w_picpaths

-f, --force=false Force removal of the p_w_picpath

--help=false Print usage

--no-prune=false Do not delete untagged parents

删除一个或多个镜像。

save

Usage: docker save [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]

Save an p_w_picpath(s) to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)

--help=false Print usage

-o, --output= Write to a file, instead of STDOUT

将镜像打包，与上面的load命令相对应.

两种方式：

# docker save webserver >webserver.tar

# docker save -o webserver.tar webserver:v1

search

Usage: docker search [OPTIONS] TERM

Search the Docker Hub for p_w_picpaths

--automated=false Only show automated builds

--help=false Print usage

--no-trunc=false Don't truncate output

-s, --stars=0 Only displays with at least x stars

查找镜像。

start

Usage: docker start [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Start one or more stopped containers

-a, --attach=false Attach STDOUT/STDERR and forward signals

--help=false Print usage

-i, --interactive=false Attach container's STDIN

启动一个或多个停止的镜像。

启动一个镜像并启动一个交互试的终端。

# docker start -ia 87cb69be18bb

root@87cb69be18bb:/# ls

stats

Usage: docker stats [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics

--help=false Print usage

--no-stream=false Disable streaming stats and only pull the first result

动态显示容器的资源消耗情况，包括：CPU、内存、网络I/O.

stop

Usage: docker stop [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Stop a running container.

Sending SIGTERM and then SIGKILL after a grace period

--help=false Print usage

-t, --time=10 Seconds to wait for stop before killing it

停止一个正在运行的容器。

tag

Usage: docker tag [OPTIONS] IMAGE[:TAG] [REGISTRYHOST/][USERNAME/]NAME[:TAG]

Tag an p_w_picpath into a repository

-f, --force=false Force

--help=false Print usage

对repository中的镜像进行重命名。

top

Usage: docker top [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [ps OPTIONS]

Display the running processes of a container

查看容器中正在运行的进程。

# docker top 87cb69be18bb

UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD

root 512 679 0 12:59 pts/3 00:00:00 /bin/bash

unpause

Usage: docker unpause [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Unpause all processes within a container

--help=false Print usage

恢复容器内暂停的进程，与pause参数相对应。

version

Usage: docker version [OPTIONS]

Show the Docker version information

-f, --format= Format the output using the given go template

--help=false Print usage

查看docker版本信息

# docker version

Client:

Version: 1.9.1

API version: 1.21

Go version: go1.4.3

Git commit: a34a1d5

Built: Fri Nov 20 17:56:04 UTC 2015

OS/Arch: linux/amd64

Server:

Version: 1.9.1

API version: 1.21

Go version: go1.4.3

Git commit: a34a1d5

Built: Fri Nov 20 17:56:04 UTC 2015

OS/Arch: linux/amd64

volume

Usage: docker volume [OPTIONS] [COMMAND]

Manage Docker volumes

Commands:

create Create a volume

inspect Return low-level information on a volume

ls List volumes

rm Remove a volume

管理docker数据卷.

创建数据卷

Usage: docker volume create [OPTIONS]

Create a volume

-d, --driver=local Specify volume driver name

--name= Specify volume name

-o, --opt=map[] Set driver specific options

1. 创建一个名为data_v的数据卷

# docker volume create --name='data_v'

2. 创建完数据卷后，其他容器即可挂载该容器。可用于数据共享。

3. 创建一个容器，把名为data_v的数据卷挂载到容器的/data目录

# docker run -it -v data_v:/data ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash

查看数据卷

Usage: docker volume inspect [OPTIONS] VOLUME [VOLUME...]

Return low-level information on a volume

-f, --format= Format the output using the given go template

查看刚刚创建的数据卷

# docker volume inspect data_v

[

{

"Name": "data_v",

"Driver": "local",

"Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/data_v/_data"

}

]

列出数据卷

Usage: docker volume ls [OPTIONS]

List volumes

-f, --filter=[] Provide filter values (i.e. 'dangling=true')

-q, --quiet=false Only display volume names

# docker volume ls

删除数据卷

Usage: docker volume rm [OPTIONS] VOLUME [VOLUME...]

# docker volume rm data_v

wait

Usage: docker wait [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Block until a container stops, then print its exit code

--help=false Print usage

捉容器停止时的退出码。

执行此命令后，该命令会“hang”在当前终端，直到容器停止，此时，会打印出容器的退出码。

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/showing/1844267

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