课下作业(选做)第八周
课上内容补做:
由于我的电脑之前始终不能连接上数据库,无法通过http://localhost来进入,总是显示服务器被拒绝,导致当时我没能做出。后来,查阅了许多资料并在王老师的帮助下,更改了端口、设置等之后,才可以进入数据库并进行操作。但后来在运行代码的过程中,我的电脑只能通过MySQL管理软件进行一些执行,运行其他的就又会有如图错误提示,这个错误是空指针的意思,我的理解是无法连接到数据库,没有解决,只能用同学的电脑来完成。
相关知识点:
第一道道题用到的知识点主要是一些操作,就是xampp的安装、MySQL客户端管理工具的安装与使用和在IDEA中配置驱动mysql-connector-java-5.1.41-bin.jar。配置驱动和加入junit.jar的操作类似,配置好即可。第二道题设计的是在数据库中进行寻找、比较、求和的知识。
第二题代码:
test1:
import java.sql.*;
public class test1 {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Connection con=null;
Statement sql;
ResultSet rs;
try{ Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); //加载JDBC_MySQL驱动
}
catch(Exception e){}
String uri = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/world?useSSL=true";
String user ="root";
String password ="";
try{
con = DriverManager.getConnection(uri,user,password); //连接代码
}
catch(SQLException e){ }
try {
sql=con.createStatement();
rs=sql.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM city"); //查询mess表
while(rs.next()) {
int id=rs.getInt(1);
String name=rs.getString(2);
String countrycode=rs.getString(3);
String district=rs.getString(4);
int population=rs.getInt(5);
if(population>8016520){ //20165206
System.out.printf("%d\t",id);
System.out.printf("%s\t",name);
System.out.printf("%s\t",countrycode);
System.out.printf("%s\t",district);
System.out.printf("%d\n",population);
}
}
con.close();
}
catch(SQLException e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
test2:
import java.sql.*;
public class test2 {
public static void main(String [] args) {
Connection con=null;
Statement sql;
ResultSet rs;
String sqlStr = "select * from country where Region = 'Middle East'";
try{ Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); //加载JDBC_MySQL驱动
}
catch(Exception e){}
String uri = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/world?useSSL=true";
String user ="root";
String password ="";
try{
con = DriverManager.getConnection(uri,user,password); //连接代码
}
catch(SQLException e){ }
try {
sql=con.createStatement();
rs = sql.executeQuery(sqlStr);
int sum=0;
while(rs.next()) {
int population=rs.getInt(7);
sum =sum+population;
}
System.out.printf("中东国家的总人口为:"+sum);
con.close();
}
catch(SQLException e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
test3:
import java.sql.*;
public class test3 {
public static void main(String [] args) {
Connection con=null;
Statement sql;
ResultSet rs;
float smzd=1000.0f,smzc=0.0f;
String c=new String("");
String d=new String("");
String sqlStr =
"select * from country order by LifeExpectancy";
try{ Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); //加载JDBC_MySQL驱动
}
catch(Exception e){}
String uri = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/world?useSSL=true";
String user ="root";
String password ="";
try{
con = DriverManager.getConnection(uri,user,password); //连接代码
}
catch(SQLException e){ }
try {
sql=con.createStatement();
rs = sql.executeQuery(sqlStr);
while(rs.next()) {
String Name=rs.getString(2);
Float LifeExpectancy=rs.getFloat(8);
if(LifeExpectancy>smzc) {
smzc =LifeExpectancy;
c =Name;
}
else if(LifeExpectancy<smzd){
{
smzd = LifeExpectancy;
d = Name;
}
}
}
con.close();
System.out.printf("世界上平均寿命最长的国家为:"+c+",平均寿命为:"+smzc+"\n");
System.out.printf("世界上平均寿命最短的国家为:"+d+",平均寿命为:"+smzd+"\n");
}
catch(SQLException e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
运行截图:
在Navicat for MySQL 中添加数据并修改,在idea中运行就可以了。
导入world.sql,提交导入成功的截图。
查询世界上超过8016520的所有城市列表的运行截图:
查询世界上的所有中东国家的总人口的运行截图:
查询世界上的平均寿命最长和最短的国家的运行截图:
代码分析:
- Example11_1
import java.sql.*;
public class Example11_1 {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Connection con=null;
//初始化
Statement sql;
ResultSet rs;
//顺序查询,始终保持和数据库的连接,直到将对象中的数据查看完毕
try{ Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); //加载JDBC_MySQL驱动
}
catch(Exception e){}
String uri = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/students?useSSL=true";
String user ="root";
String password ="";
try{
con = DriverManager.getConnection(uri,user,password); //连接代码
}
catch(SQLException e){ }
try {
sql=con.createStatement();
rs=sql.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM mess"); //查询mess表
while(rs.next()) { //读取数据
String number=rs.getString(1);
String name=rs.getString(2);
Date date=rs.getDate(3);
float height=rs.getFloat(4);
System.out.printf("%s\t",number);
System.out.printf("%s\t",name);
System.out.printf("%s\t",date);
System.out.printf("%.2f\n",height);
}
con.close();
}
catch(SQLException e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
这段代码的功能是查询students数据库中mess表的全部记录。
- Example11_2
import java.sql.*;
public class Example11_2 {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Connection con;
Statement sql;
ResultSet rs;
con = GetDBConnection.connectDB("students","root",""); //连接数据库
if(con == null ) return;
//若数据为空
try {
sql=con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,
ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY); //为得到一个可滚动的结果集
rs = sql.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM mess ");
//根据参数ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE和ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY的情况,sql返回相应类型的结果集
rs.last();
int max = rs.getRow();
System.out.println("表共有"+max+"条记录,随机抽取2条记录:");
int [] a =GetRandomNumber.getRandomNumber(max,2);//得到1-max之间2个不同随机数
for(int i:a){
rs.absolute(i);//油标移动到第i行
String number = rs.getString(1);
String name = rs.getString(2);
Date date = rs.getDate(3);
float h = rs.getFloat(4);
System.out.printf("%s\t",number);
System.out.printf("%s\t",name);
System.out.printf("%s\t",date);
System.out.printf("%.2f\n",h);
}
con.close();
}
catch(SQLException e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
Example11_2的功能是随机查询students数据库mess表中的2条记录。
- Example11_3
import java.sql.*;
public class Example11_3 {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Connection con;
Statement sql;
ResultSet rs;
con = GetDBConnection.connectDB("students","root","");//连接数据库
if(con == null ) return;
//若数据为空
String c1=" year(birthday)<=2000 and month(birthday)>7";
//条件1:若出生的年份在2000年或者2000年之前,月份在7月之后
String c2=" name Like '张_%'";
//条件2:学生姓张
String c3=" height >1.65";
//条件3:身高大于1.65
String sqlStr =
"select * from mess where "+c1+" and "+c2+" and "+c3+"order by birthday";
//通过where查找和通过order by排序
try {
sql=con.createStatement();
rs = sql.executeQuery(sqlStr);
while(rs.next()) {
String number=rs.getString(1);
String name=rs.getString(2);
Date date=rs.getDate(3);
float height=rs.getFloat(4);
System.out.printf("%s\t",number);
System.out.printf("%s\t",name);
System.out.printf("%s\t",date);
System.out.printf("%.2f\n",height);
}
con.close();
}
catch(SQLException e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
这段代码的功能是查询mess表中姓张,身高大于1.65,出生的年份在2000年或者2000年之前,月份在7月之后的学生,并按照出生日期排序。
- Example11_4
import java.sql.*;
public class Example11_4 {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Connection con;
Statement sql;
ResultSet rs;
con = GetDBConnection.connectDB("students","root",""); //连接数据库
if(con == null ) return;
String jiLu="('R11q','王三','2000-10-23',1.66),"+
"('R10q','李武','1989-10-23',1.76)"; //插入的2条记录
String sqlStr ="insert into mess values"+jiLu;
//通过insert into mess values语句进行插入记录
try {
sql=con.createStatement();
int ok = sql.executeUpdate(sqlStr);
rs = sql.executeQuery("select * from mess");
while(rs.next()) {
String number=rs.getString(1);
String name=rs.getString(2);
Date date=rs.getDate(3);
float height=rs.getFloat(4);
System.out.printf("%s\t",number);
System.out.printf("%s\t",name);
System.out.printf("%s\t",date);
System.out.printf("%.2f\n",height);
}
con.close();
}
catch(SQLException e) {
System.out.println("记录中number值不能重复"+e);
}
}
}
这段代码的功能是向mess中插入两条记录。
- Example11_5
import java.sql.*;
public class Example11_5 {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Connection con;
PreparedStatement preSql; //预处理语句对象preSql
ResultSet rs;
con = GetDBConnection.connectDB("students","root",""); //连接数据库
if(con == null ) return;
String sqlStr ="insert into mess values(?,?,?,?)";
//在对SQL进行预处理时可以使用通配符?来代替字段的值
try {
preSql = con.prepareStatement(sqlStr);//得到预处理语句对象preSql
preSql.setString(1,"A001"); //设置第1个?代表的值
preSql.setString(2,"刘伟"); //设置第2个?代表的值
preSql.setString(3,"1999-9-10"); //设置第3个?代表的值
preSql.setFloat(4,1.77f); //设置第4个?代表的值
int ok = preSql.executeUpdate();
sqlStr="select * from mess where name like ? ";
preSql = con.prepareStatement(sqlStr);//得到预处理语句对象preSql
preSql.setString(1,"张%"); //设置第1个?代表的值
rs = preSql.executeQuery();
while(rs.next()) {
String number=rs.getString(1);
String name=rs.getString(2);
Date date=rs.getDate(3);
float height=rs.getFloat(4);
System.out.printf("%s\t",number);
System.out.printf("%s\t",name);
System.out.printf("%s\t",date);
System.out.printf("%.2f\n",height);
}
con.close();
}
catch(SQLException e) {
System.out.println("记录中number值不能重复"+e);
}
}
}
这段代码的功能是使用预处理语句向mess表添加记录并查询了姓张的记录。
- Example11_6
import javax.swing.*;
public class Example11_6 {
public static void main(String args[]) {
String [] tableHead;
String [][] content;
JTable table ;//定义表格
JFrame win= new JFrame();
Query findRecord = new Query();
findRecord.setDatabaseName("students");
findRecord.setSQL("select * from mess");
content = findRecord.getRecord();
//返回二维数组,即查询的全部记录
tableHead=findRecord.getColumnName();
//返回全部字段名
table = new JTable(content,tableHead);
//表格JTable
win.add(new JScrollPane(table));
win.setBounds(12,100,400,200);
win.setVisible(true);
win.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
}
这段代码的功能是将数据库的名字以及SQL语句传递给Query类的对象,用表格显示查询到的记录。
- Example11_7
import java.sql.*;
public class Example11_7{
public static void main(String args[]){
Connection con = null;
//初始化
Statement sql;
ResultSet rs;
String sqlStr;
con = GetDBConnection.connectDB("students","root",""); //连接数据库
if(con == null ) return;
try{ float n = 0.02f;
con.setAutoCommit(false); //关闭自动提交模式
sql = con.createStatement();
sqlStr = "select name,height from mess where number='R1001'";
rs = sql.executeQuery(sqlStr);
rs.next();
float h1 = rs.getFloat(2);
System.out.println("事务之前"+rs.getString(1)+"身高:"+h1);
sqlStr = "select name,height from mess where number='R1002'";
rs = sql.executeQuery(sqlStr);
rs.next();
float h2 = rs.getFloat(2);
System.out.println("事务之前"+rs.getString(1)+"身高:"+h2);
h1 = h1-n; //R1001的height的值减少n
h2 = h2+n; //将减少的n增加到字段是R1002的height上
sqlStr = "update mess set height ="+h1+" where number='R1001'";
sql.executeUpdate(sqlStr);
sqlStr = "update mess set height ="+h2+" where number='R1002'";
sql.executeUpdate(sqlStr);
//更新数据
con.commit(); //开始事务处理,如果发生异常直接执行catch块
con.setAutoCommit(true); //恢复自动提交模式
String s = "select name,height from mess"+
" where number='R1001'or number='R1002'";
rs =
sql.executeQuery(s);
while(rs.next()){
System.out.println("事务后"+rs.getString(1)+
"身高:"+rs.getFloat(2));
}
con.close();
}
catch(SQLException e){
try{ con.rollback(); //撤销事务所做的操作
}
catch(SQLException exp){}
}
}
}
这段代码的功能是进行事物处理,将mess表中number字段是R1001的height的值减少n,并将减少的n增加到字段是R1002的height上。
- Example11_8
import java.sql.*;
public class Example11_8 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection con =null;
Statement sta = null;
//初始化
ResultSet rs;
String SQL;
try {
Class.forName("org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver");//加载驱动
}
catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
return;
}
try {
String uri ="jdbc:derby:students;create=true";
con=DriverManager.getConnection(uri); //连接数据库
sta = con.createStatement();
}
catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
return;
}
try { SQL = "create table chengji(name varchar(40),score float)";
sta.execute(SQL);//创建表
}
catch(SQLException e) {
//System.out.println("该表已经存在");
}
SQL ="insert into chengji values"+
"('张三', 90),('李斯', 88),('刘二', 67)";
//向表中添加三条新的记录
try {
sta.execute(SQL);
rs = sta.executeQuery("select * from chengji "); // 查询表中的记录
while(rs.next()) {
String name=rs.getString(1);
System.out.print(name+"\t");
float score=rs.getFloat(2);
System.out.println(score);
}
con.close();
}
catch(SQLException e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
这段代码的功能是使用Derby数据库管理系统创建了名为students的数据库,并在数据库中建立了chengji表。
第十一章的编程题目
- test1
import java.sql.*;
public class test1 {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Connection con;
Statement sql;
ResultSet rs;
con = GetDBConnection.connectDB("students","root","");//连接数据库
if(con == null ) return;
String sqlStr =
"select * from mess "+"order by birthday";
//通过order by排序
try {
sql=con.createStatement();
rs = sql.executeQuery(sqlStr);
while(rs.next()) {
String number=rs.getString(1);
String name=rs.getString(2);
Date date=rs.getDate(3);
float height=rs.getFloat(4);
System.out.printf("%s\t",number);
System.out.printf("%s\t",name);
System.out.printf("%s\t",date);
System.out.printf("%.2f\n",height);
}
con.close();
}
catch(SQLException e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
- GetDBConnection
import java.sql.*;
public class GetDBConnection {
public static Connection connectDB(String DBName,String id,String p) {
Connection con = null;
String
uri = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/"+DBName+"?useSSL=true&characterEncoding=utf-8";
try{ Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");//加载JDBC-MySQL驱动
}
catch(Exception e){}
try{
con = DriverManager.getConnection(uri,id,p); //连接代码
}
catch(SQLException e){}
return con;
}
}
-Query
import java.sql.*;
public class Query {
String databaseName=""; //数据库名
String SQL; //SQL语句
String [] columnName; //全部字段(列)名
String [][] record; //查询到的记录
public Query() {
try{ Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");//加载JDBC-MySQL驱动
}
catch(Exception e){}
}
public void setDatabaseName(String s) {
databaseName=s.trim();
}
public void setSQL(String SQL) {
this.SQL=SQL.trim();
}
public String[] getColumnName() {
if(columnName ==null ){
System.out.println("先查询记录");
return null;
}
return columnName;
}
public String[][] getRecord() {
startQuery();
return record;
}
private void startQuery() {
Connection con;
Statement sql;
ResultSet rs;
String uri =
"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/"+
databaseName+"?useSSL=true&characterEncoding=utf-8";
try {
con=DriverManager.getConnection(uri,"root","");
sql=con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,
ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
rs=sql.executeQuery(SQL);
ResultSetMetaData metaData = rs.getMetaData();
int columnCount = metaData.getColumnCount();//字段数目
columnName=new String[columnCount];
for(int i=1;i<=columnCount;i++){
columnName[i-1]=metaData.getColumnName(i);
}
rs.last();
int recordAmount =rs.getRow(); //结果集中的记录数目
record = new String[recordAmount][columnCount];
int i=0;
rs.beforeFirst();
while(rs.next()) {
for(int j=1;j<=columnCount;j++){
record[i][j-1]=rs.getString(j); //第i条记录,放入二维数组的第i行
}
i++;
}
con.close();
}
catch(SQLException e) {
System.out.println("请输入正确的表名"+e);
}
}
}
- test2
import javax.management.Query;
import javax.swing.*;
public class test2 {
public static void main (String args[]) {
String [] tableHead;
String [] content;
JTable table;
JFrame win= new JFrame();
Query findRecord = new Query();
findRecord.setDatabaseName(args[0]);
findRecord.setSQL("select * from "+args[1]);
content = findRecord.getRecord();
tableHead=findRecord.getColumnName();
table = new JTable(content,tableHead);
win.add(new JScrollPane(table));
win.setBounds(12,100,400,200);
win.setVisible(true);
win.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
}