1.工程介绍
工程是结合了Spring+struts2+hibernate,实现了一个简单的form表单提交的功能,可能需要对spring,struts2,hibernate有一个基础的了解才好理解。
2.工程结构图
首先来看一下整个工程的结构
3.java文件
User.java - 用于往数据库中存入数据
package com.ssh.bean;
public class User {
private int userId;
private String username;
private String password;
private int gender;
public int getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(int userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(int gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
}
UserForm.java - 用于接收页面传来的表单数据
package com.ssh.forms;
public class UserForm {
private String username;
private String password;
private int gender;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(int gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
}
UserDao.java - 用于实现数据接口层
package com.ssh.dao;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
public class UserDao{
@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
private Session getCurrentSession() {
return sessionFactory.openSession();
}
public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException {
this.getCurrentSession().save(obj);
}
}
UserService.java - 用于实现业务层逻辑
package com.ssh.service;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.ssh.bean.User;
import com.ssh.dao.UserDao;
import com.ssh.forms.UserForm;
@Service
public class UserService {
@Autowired
private UserDao dao;
public void regUser(UserForm userForm) throws HibernateException {
User user = new User();
BeanUtils.copyProperties(userForm, user);
dao.saveObject(user);
}
}
RegisterAction.java - struts2的Action
package com.ssh.action;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.ssh.forms.UserForm;
import com.ssh.service.UserService;
public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private UserForm user;
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
public UserForm getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(UserForm user) {
this.user = user;
}
public String execute() {
try {
userService.regUser(user);
return SUCCESS;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return ERROR;
}
}
}
4.配置信息
如第一张工程结构图可知,为了结构清晰,ssh的所有配置信息都放在resource路径下面。
struts.xml - struts2配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="default" extends="struts-default">
<action name="register" class="com.ssh.action.RegisterAction">
<result name="input">/Register.jsp</result>
<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
<result name="error">/fail.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
hibernate.cfg.xml - hibernate的一些配置信息
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 配置 hibernate 的基本属性 -->
<!-- 1. 数据源需配置到 IOC 容器中, 所以在此处不再需要配置数据源 -->
<!-- 2. 关联的 .hbm.xml 也在 IOC 容器配置 SessionFactory 实例时再进行配置 -->
<!-- 3. 配置 hibernate 的基本属性: 方言, SQL 显示及格式化, 生成数据表的策略以及二级缓存等. -->
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<!-- 配置 hibernate 二级缓存相关的属性. -->
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
在本工程中将原来在hibernate中的数据源信息和关联的*.hbm.xml文件配置到了spring配置文件中由spring容器管理。
为了让工程结构调理清晰保留了hibernate.cfg.xml文件,并且把hibernate的基本属性配置写在了里面,也方便以后添加其他的配置信息。(hibernate的基本属性也可以配置到spring的配置文件当中,然后删除掉hibernate.cfg.xml文件,后面会具体讲述如何配置)
db.properties - 抽取了数据源的基本信息,方便以后修改
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=123456
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///ssh1
jdbc.initPoolSize=5
jdbc.maxPoolSize=10
applicationContext.xml - spring配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<!-- 导入资源文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置 Hibernate 的 SessionFactory 实例: 通过 Spring 提供的 LocalSessionFactoryBean 进行配置 -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 配置数据源属性 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<!-- 配置 hibernate 配置文件的位置及名称 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
<!-- 配置 hibernate 映射文件的位置及名称, 可以使用通配符 -->
<property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/ssh/bean/*.hbm.xml"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
上面提到可以删除hibernate.cfg.xml文件,可以将spring配置文件中的 id=sessionFactory 的bean 替换如下即可:
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 配置数据源属性 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<!-- 使用 hibernateProperties 属相来配置 Hibernate 原生的属性 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!-- 配置 hibernate 映射文件的位置及名称, 可以使用通配符 -->
<property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/ssh/bean/*.hbm.xml"></property>
</bean>
web.xml - 额外指定了 spring 和 struts2配置文件的路径
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!-- struts.xml路径配置,若不配置需放到类路径下 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>../../resources/struts.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- spring配置文件路径,如不配置需放到web-inf下 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>Register.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
pom.xml - 配置了一些ssh框架所必需的jar包,有maven自动下载到本地仓库
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com</groupId>
<artifactId>ssh1</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>ssh1 Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.10</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加SSH依赖 -->
<!-- Struts2 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
<version>2.3.24</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.24.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加Hibernate依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>4.2.2.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring框架依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 包含了大量注解@Autowired等。 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 包含SessionFactory org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 包含ContextLoaderListener 监听器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- ApplicationContextInitializer -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.26</version>
</dependency>
<!-- c3p0数据源 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加Log4J依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.16</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId>
<version>1.6.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加javassist -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.11.0.GA</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssh1</finalName>
</build>
</project>
5.页面文件
Register.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>User Register Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="register">
<s:textfield name="user.username" label="用户名"></s:textfield>
<s:password name="user.password" label="密码"></s:password>
<s:select list="#{'1':'男','0':'女'}" listKey="key" listValue="value"
name="user.gender" label="性别" value="1"></s:select>
<s:submit value="注册"></s:submit>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
success.js
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>User Register Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>SUCCESS</h1>
</body>
</html>
6.配置中遇到的一些问题和解决方法
1.hibernate配置了自动建表,但是程序运行之后不仅没有自动建表而且还总是提示无法找到表。
解决方法:hbm2ddl.auto 改成hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto 当然值也要改成create才可以自动建表。
.......
源代码在此:点击此处下载