工作队列:一个生产者对应多个消费者,生产者直接将消息发送到rabbitmq的队列之中。
消息分配模式:公平分配
队列会先给每个消费者轮流发送一条信息,消费者接收到信息并对之处理。如果不反馈处理结果,队列就不会再发送信息给该消费者,而是发送给其他已经处理完一条信息并反馈的消费者。
简而言之,哪个消费者的处理信息效率更高,则收到的信息也越多。
生产者:
package com.example.demo.queue.workfair;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
import com.example.demo.utils.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
public class Producer {
private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "work_fair_queue";
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection connection = null;
Channel channel = null;
try {
connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
// 限定:发送一条信息给消费者A,消费者A未反馈处理结果之前,不会再次发送信息给消费者A
channel.basicQos(1);
String msg = "msg from producer:";
for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {
msg = "msg from producer :" + i;
System.out.println("send msg : "+msg);
channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, msg.getBytes());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭通道
try {
channel.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TimeoutException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 关闭连接
try {
connection.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
消费者1:
package com.example.demo.queue.workfair;
import java.io.IOException;
import com.example.demo.utils.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;
public class Consumer01 {
// 队列名称
private static final String QUEUE_NAME="work_fair_queue";
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// 获取连接
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
// 创建通道
final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
// 限定:发送一条信息给消费者A,消费者A未反馈处理结果之前,不会再次发送信息给消费者A
channel.basicQos(1);
// 定义消费者
DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
String msg = new String(body,"UTF-8");
System.out.println("[1]:receive msg:"+msg);
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
System.out.println("[1]:deal msg successful.");
}
// 反馈消息处理完毕
channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
};
boolean autoAck = false;// 取消自动反馈
// 接收信息
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, autoAck, consumer);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭通道
// try {
// channel.close();
// } catch (IOException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
// } catch (TimeoutException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
// }
// 关闭连接
// try {
// connection.close();
// } catch (IOException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
// }
}
}
}
消费者2:
package com.example.demo.queue.workfair;
import java.io.IOException;
import com.example.demo.utils.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;
public class Consumer02 {
// 队列名称
private static final String QUEUE_NAME="work_fair_queue";
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// 获取连接
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
// 创建通道
final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
// 限定:发送一条信息给消费者A,消费者A未反馈处理结果之前,不会再次发送信息给消费者A
channel.basicQos(1);
// 定义消费者
DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
String msg = new String(body,"UTF-8");
System.out.println("[2]:receive msg:"+msg);
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
System.out.println("[2]:deal msg successful.");
}
// 反馈消息处理完毕
channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
};
boolean autoAck = false;// 取消自动反馈
// 接收信息
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, autoAck, consumer);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭通道
// try {
// channel.close();
// } catch (IOException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
// } catch (TimeoutException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
// }
// 关闭连接
// try {
// connection.close();
// } catch (IOException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
// }
}
}
}
执行顺序:
先执行两个消费者(Consumer01,Consumer02)类的main方法,再执行生产者(Producer)的main方法即可
顺序反过来亦可,但是可能会影响到公平分配的效果。
生产者终端:
消费者1终端:
消费者2终端:
实现公平分配关键点:
// 限定:发送一条信息给消费者A,消费者A未反馈处理结果之前,不会再次发送信息给消费者A
channel.basicQos(1);
boolean autoAck = false;// 取消自动反馈
// 接收信息
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, autoAck, consumer);
// 反馈消息处理完毕
channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);