CentOS7.X yum安装MySQL-CSDN博客

yum安装mysql

安装前的准备
```
yum install \
vim \
wget \
-y
```

获取源码资源包

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

安装源码资源包

rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

通过资源包安装mysql
```
yum install mysql-server -y
```

修改my.conf

vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
character-set-server=utf8mb4
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
character-set-client-handshake=FALSE

symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
secure_file_priv=/var/lib/mysql-files

server-id=1
binlog-format=Row
log-bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin
sql-mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

ESC
:wq

创建数据文件目录、所属组、用户改为mysql

mkdir /data
mkdir /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/*/mysql*

修改SELinux

vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux

SELINUX=permissive

ESC
:wq

setenforce 0

启动数据库,生成socket文件

systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl start mysqld
# 因为配置文件中指定了
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
# 所以初始密码在如下文件中
/var/log/mysqld.log
cat /var/log/mysqld.log|grep password
# 结果显示
A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: **************

修改数据库初始密码

mysql -u root -p
# 输入原始密码
**************
# 设置允许使用弱密码
SET GLOBAL validate_password_policy=0;
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '**************';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'mysql'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
QUIT;

初始化数据库(除了密码一律选择Y)

# 如果是数据库【安装】则只执行下面这步
mysql_secure_installation

# 如果是数据库【升级】则只执行下面这步(**************表示数据库之前的密码)
mysql_upgrade -u root -p
**************

配置防火墙

systemctl enable firewalld
systemctl start  firewalld
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp
firewall-cmd --reload

测试启动、停止、重启mysql

#启用并启动
systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl start mysqld
#禁用并关闭
systemctl disable mysqld
systemctl stop mysqld
#启用并重新启动
systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl restart mysqld

设置外部访问密码

# 数据库名-通配符及格式:
    *[允许操作所有数据库]
    %pay%[允许操作名字包含'pay'的数据库]
    mydatabase[仅允许操作'mydatabase'数据库]
# 表名-通配符及格式:
    *[允许操作所有表]
    %pay%[允许操作名字包含'pay'的表]
    mytable[仅允许操作'mytable'表]
# ip地址-通配符及格式:
    %/0.0.0.0[允许任意IP访问]
    xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx[仅限公网访问]
    192.168.x.xxx[仅限局域网访问]
    localhost/127.0.0.1/::1[仅限本机访问]

# 数据库授权格式
GRANT 权限名 ON 数据库名.数据表名 TO '数据用户'@'访问IP' IDENTIFIED BY '用户密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;

# 为任意数据库表 任意操作 分配root用户,仅限本地访问
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'::1' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION;

# 为任意数据库表 任意操作 分配mysql用户,任意IP访问(安装调试阶段、本地开发使用,用后即删)
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'mysql'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION;

# 为任意数据库表 增删改查 分配单独用户,为不同的业务分配专属用户
GRANT INSERT ON *.* TO 'insert1'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT DELETE ON *.* TO 'delete1'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT UPDATE ON *.* TO 'update1'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'select1'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION;

# 刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

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