php实现简单验证码,php实现简单的验证码

这是正式在sf上面写文章,记录学习过程中的一些东西,这次主要是写一篇介绍如何使用php的gd库来生成验证码的文章,同时顺便学习一下markdown

验证码实现原理:使用php的GD库,生成一张带验证码的图片,并将验证码保存在Session中。php生成验证码的大致流程如下：

1.生成一张背景图片

2.将图片设置背景颜色

3.设置验证码的字体，字体颜色和样式

4.产生随机的验证码

5.把产生的每个字符调整角度和位置分别画到产生的图片上

6.加入噪点和干扰线

7.输出图片

8.释放图片所占内存

其中主要是第4步和第5步需要注意,下面是主要的代码

code.php

class code{

//字母和数字集合

private $codeSet = '2345678abcdefhijkmnpqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRTUVWXY';

private $length; //验证码长度

private $width; //图片宽度

private $height; //图片高度

private $font; // 字体

private $fontSize=16; //字体大小

private $img; //图像句柄

private $code;

function __construct($width,$height,$length){

$this->width = $width;

$this->height = $height;

$this->length = $length;

$this->img = imagecreate($this->width,$this->height);

$this->font = dirname(__FILE__).'\msyh.ttc'; //字体

$this->code = $this->getCode();

}

//创建背景图

function createBackground(){

$width = $this->width;

$height = $this->height;

//随机颜色

$r = Array(225, 255, 255, 223);

$g = Array(225, 236, 237, 255);

$b = Array(225, 236, 166, 125);

$key = mt_rand(0, 3);

$backgroundColor = imagecolorallocate($this->img, $r[$key], $g[$key], $b[$key]);

// //填充

imagefilledrectangle($this->img, 0, 0, $width , $height, $backgroundColor);

}

function createCode(){

$length = ($this->length)? $this->length:4; // 默认4位数

for($i = 0 ; $i < $length; $i++){

$code[$i] = $this->codeSet[mt_rand(0,strlen($this->codeSet-1))];

}

return $code;

}

//生成线条雪花

function createLine(){

//线条

for($i=0;$i<6;$i++){

$color = imagecolorallocate($this->img,mt_rand(0,156),mt_rand(0,156),mt_rand(0,156));

imageline($this->img,mt_rand(0,$this->width),mt_rand(0,$this->height),

mt_rand(0,$this->width),mt_rand(0,$this->height),$color);

}

for($i = 0; $i < 20; $i++){

$color = imagecolorallocate($this->img,mt_rand(0,156),mt_rand(0,156),mt_rand(0,156));

imagestring($this->img,mt_rand(1,5),mt_rand(0,$this->width),mt_rand(0,$this->height),

'*',$color);

}

}

//生成文字

function createFont(){

//第N个字符的左边距

$codeNX = 0;

for ($i = 0; $ilength; $i++) {

$fontcolor = imagecolorallocate($this->img,mt_rand(0,156),mt_rand(0,156),mt_rand(0,156));

$code[$i] = $this->codeSet[mt_rand(0, strlen($this->codeSet)-1)];

// print_r($code[$i]);die;

// print_r($this->font);die;

$codeNX += mt_rand($this->fontSize*1.2, $this->fontSize*1.6);

imagettftext($this->img, $this->fontSize, mt_rand(-40, 40),

$codeNX, $this->fontSize*1.2, $fontcolor, $this->font, $code[$i]);

}

}

function outPut(){

header('Content-type:image/png');

imagepng($this->img);

imagedestory($this->img);

}

function doimg(){

$this->createBackground();

$this->createCode();

$this->createLine();

$this->createFont();

$this->outPut();

}

public function getCode(){

$code = $this->createCode();

$cstring = '';

foreach($code as $str){

$cstring .= $str;

}

return strtolower($cstring);

}

}

?>