一、安装xlrd模块
到python官网下载http://pypi.python.org/pypi/xlrd
二、使用介绍
2.1 导入模块
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- import xlrd
2.2 打开Excel文件读取数据
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- data = xlrd.open_workbook("excelFile.xls")
2.3 使用技巧
获取一个工作表
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- table = data.sheets()[0] #通过索引顺序获取
- table = data.sheet_by_index(0) #通过索引顺序获取
- table = data.sheet_by_name(u'Sheet') #通过名称获取
获取整行和整列的值(数组)
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- table.row_values(i)
- table.col_values(i)
获取行数和列数
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- nrows = table.nrows
- ncols = table.ncols
循环行列表数据
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- for i in range(nrows):
- print table.row_values(i)
单元格
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- cell_A1 = table.cell(0,0).value
- cell_C4 = table.cell(2,3).value
使用行列索引
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- cell_A1 = table.row(0)[0].value
- cell_A2 = table.col(1)[0].value
简单的写入
row = 0
col = 0
#类型 0 empty, 1 string, 2 number, 3 date, 4 boolean, 5 error
ctype =1
value = '单元格的值'
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- table.put_cell(row,col,ctype,value,xf)
例子1 通过索引索取值
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- # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
- import xdrlib,sys
- import xlrd
- def open_excel(file='file.xls'):
- try:
- data = xlrd.open_workbook(file)
- return data
- except Exception,e:
- print str(e)
- #根据索引获取Excel表格中的数据
- #参数:file: Excel文件路径
- # colnameindex: 表头列名所在行的索引
- # by_index: 表的索引
- def excel_table_byindex(file='file.xls',colnameindex=0,by_index=0):
- data = open_excel(file)
- table = data.sheets()[by_index]
- nrows = table.nrows #行数
- ncols = table.ncols #列数
- colnames = table.row_values(colnameindex) #某一行数据
- list = []
- for rownum in range(1,nrows):
- row = table.row_values(rownum)#以列表格式输出
- if row:
- app = {}
- for i in range(len(colnames)):
- app[colnames[i]] = row[i]
- list.append(app)#向列表中插入字典类型的数据
- return list
- def main():
- tables = excel_table_byindex(file='test.xls')
- for row in tables:
- print row
- if __name__=="__main__":
- main()
运行结果为:
例子2 通过名字索引
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- # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
- import xdrlib,sys
- import xlrd
- def open_excel(file='file.xls'):
- try:
- data = xlrd.open_workbook(file)
- return data
- except Exception,e:
- print str(e)
- def excel_table_byname(file='file.xls',colnameindex=0,by_name=u'Sheet1'):
- data = open_excel(file)
- table = data.sheet_by_name(by_name)
- nrows = table.nrows #行数
- colnames = table.row_values(colnameindex) #某一行数据
- list = []
- for rownum in range(1,nrows):
- row = table.row_values(rownum)
- if row:
- app = {}
- for i in range(len(colnames)):
- app[colnames[i]] = row[i]
- list.append(app)
- return list
- def main():
- tables = excel_table_byname(file='test.xls')
- for row in tables:
- print row
- if __name__=="__main__":
- main()
例子3 通过xlwt写文件
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- # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
- import xdrlib,sys
- import xlwt
- #新建一个excel文件
- file = xlwt.Workbook()
- #新建一个sheet
- table = file.add_sheet('info',cell_overwrite_ok=True)
- #写入数据table.write(行,列,value)
- table.write(0,0,'wangpeng')
- #保存文件
- file.save('file.xls')
得到的结果为