聊聊resilience4j的fallback

序

本文主要研究一下resilience4j的fallback

使用实例

    @Test
    public void testFallback(){
        // Execute the decorated supplier and recover from any exception
        String result = Try.ofSupplier(() -> backendService.doSomethingThrowException())
                .recover(throwable -> "Hello from Recovery").get();
        System.out.println(result);
    }
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Try

vavr-0.9.2-sources.jar!/io/vavr/control/Try.java

/**
 * The Try control gives us the ability write safe code without focusing on try-catch blocks in the presence of exceptions.
 * <p>
 * The following exceptions are considered to be fatal/non-recoverable:
 * <ul>
 * <li>{@linkplain InterruptedException}</li>
 * <li>{@linkplain LinkageError}</li>
 * <li>{@linkplain ThreadDeath}</li>
 * <li>{@linkplain VirtualMachineError} (i.e. {@linkplain OutOfMemoryError} or {@linkplain StackOverflowError})</li>
 * </ul>
 * <p>
 * <strong>Important note:</strong> Try may re-throw (undeclared) exceptions, e.g. on {@code get()}. From within a
 * dynamic proxy {@link java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler} this will lead to an
 * {@link java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException}. For more information, please read
 * <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/reflection/proxy.html">Dynamic Proxy Classes</a>.
 *
 * @param <T> Value type in the case of success.
 * @author Daniel Dietrich
 */
public interface Try<T> extends Value<T>, Serializable {

    long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * Creates a Try of a CheckedFunction0.
     *
     * @param supplier A checked supplier
     * @param <T>      Component type
     * @return {@code Success(supplier.apply())} if no exception occurs, otherwise {@code Failure(throwable)} if an
     * exception occurs calling {@code supplier.apply()}.
     */
    static <T> Try<T> of(CheckedFunction0<? extends T> supplier) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(supplier, "supplier is null");
        try {
            return new Success<>(supplier.apply());
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            return new Failure<>(t);
        }
    }


    /**
     * Creates a Try of a Supplier.
     *
     * @param supplier A supplier
     * @param <T>      Component type
     * @return {@code Success(supplier.get())} if no exception occurs, otherwise {@code Failure(throwable)} if an
     * exception occurs calling {@code supplier.get()}.
     */
    static <T> Try<T> ofSupplier(Supplier<? extends T> supplier) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(supplier, "supplier is null");
        return of(supplier::get);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a Try of a Callable.
     *
     * @param callable A callable
     * @param <T>      Component type
     * @return {@code Success(callable.call())} if no exception occurs, otherwise {@code Failure(throwable)} if an
     * exception occurs calling {@code callable.call()}.
     */
    static <T> Try<T> ofCallable(Callable<? extends T> callable) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(callable, "callable is null");
        return of(callable::call);
    }

    //......
}
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• 这个Try继承了Value接口
• 另外就是提供了一些静态工厂方法，ofSupplier方法会触发方法的执行，如果成功返回Success，有异常返回Failure

Try.Success

vavr-0.9.2-sources.jar!/io/vavr/control/Try.java

   /**
     * A succeeded Try.
     *
     * @param <T> component type of this Success
     * @author Daniel Dietrich
     */
    final class Success<T> implements Try<T>, Serializable {

        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

        private final T value;

        /**
         * Constructs a Success.
         *
         * @param value The value of this Success.
         */
        private Success(T value) {
            this.value = value;
        }

        @Override
        public T get() {
            return value;
        }

        @Override
        public Throwable getCause() {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("getCause on Success");
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isEmpty() {
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isFailure() {
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isSuccess() {
            return true;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object obj) {
            return (obj == this) || (obj instanceof Success && Objects.equals(value, ((Success<?>) obj).value));
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return Objects.hashCode(value);
        }

        @Override
        public String stringPrefix() {
            return "Success";
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return stringPrefix() + "(" + value + ")";
        }
    }
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• isFailure方法返回false

Try.Failure

vavr-0.9.2-sources.jar!/io/vavr/control/Try.java

    /**
     * A failed Try.
     *
     * @param <T> component type of this Failure
     * @author Daniel Dietrich
     */
    final class Failure<T> implements Try<T>, Serializable {

        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

        private final Throwable cause;

        /**
         * Constructs a Failure.
         *
         * @param cause A cause of type Throwable, may not be null.
         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code cause} is null
         * @throws Throwable            if the given {@code cause} is fatal, i.e. non-recoverable
         */
        private Failure(Throwable cause) {
            Objects.requireNonNull(cause, "cause is null");
            if (isFatal(cause)) {
                sneakyThrow(cause);
            }
            this.cause = cause;
        }

        @Override
        public T get() {
            return sneakyThrow(cause);
        }

        @Override
        public Throwable getCause() {
            return cause;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isEmpty() {
            return true;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isFailure() {
            return true;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isSuccess() {
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object obj) {
            return (obj == this) || (obj instanceof Failure && Arrays.deepEquals(cause.getStackTrace(), ((Failure<?>) obj).cause.getStackTrace()));
        }

        @Override
        public String stringPrefix() {
            return "Failure";
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return Arrays.hashCode(cause.getStackTrace());
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return stringPrefix() + "(" + cause + ")";
        }

    }
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• isFailure方法返回true

recover

vavr-0.9.2-sources.jar!/io/vavr/control/Try.java

    /**
     * Returns {@code this}, if this is a {@code Success}, otherwise tries to recover the exception of the failure with {@code f},
     * i.e. calling {@code Try.of(() -> f.apply(throwable))}.
     *
     * @param f A recovery function taking a Throwable
     * @return a {@code Try}
     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code f} is null
     */
    default Try<T> recover(Function<? super Throwable, ? extends T> f) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(f, "f is null");
        if (isFailure()) {
            return Try.of(() -> f.apply(getCause()));
        } else {
            return this;
        }
    }
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• 这个recover方法，首先通过isFailure方法判断是否失败
• 如果失败的话，则调用fallback方法。

小结

• resilience4j的Try有两个实现，一个是Success，一个Failure，他们都实现isFailure方法。
• Try接口有个默认的方法recover，用来实现fallback，它首先判断是不是方法调用失败，如果是才执行fallback方法。
• 整个fallback的实现就是类似try catch然后调用fallback方法

doc

• Resilience4j is a fault tolerance library designed for Java8 and functional programming