ifconfig查看配置别名ip等

[root@oldboy ~]# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:50:56:37:E5:DD 
          inet addr:192.168.1.110  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:fe37:e5dd/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:2386 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1465 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:210774 (205.8 KiB)  TX bytes:179501 (175.2 KiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback 
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:1280 (1.2 KiB)  TX bytes:1280 (1.2 KiB)

指定查看一个设备：

[root@oldboy ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:50:56:37:E5:DD 
          inet addr:192.168.1.110  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:fe37:e5dd/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:2465 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1562 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:217862 (212.7 KiB)  TX bytes:192459 (187.9 KiB)

ifconfig给网卡配置第二个ip地址：

eth0:0(0-254)简称别名ip，主机网卡重启或者服务器重启都会失效

[root@oldboy ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.1.108/24 

[root@oldboy ~]# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:50:56:37:E5:DD 
          inet addr:192.168.1.110  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:fe37:e5dd/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:3380 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:2216 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:299729 (292.7 KiB)  TX bytes:270469 (264.1 KiB)

eth0:0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:50:56:37:E5:DD 
          inet addr:192.168.1.109  Bcast:225.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

eth0:1    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:50:56:37:E5:DD 
          inet addr:192.168.1.108  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

eth0:3    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:50:56:37:E5:DD 
          inet addr:192.168.1.107  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

eth0:4    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:50:56:37:E5:DD 
          inet addr:192.168.1.106  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback 
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:48 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:48 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:4136 (4.0 KiB)  TX bytes:4136 (4.0 KiB)

可以停用配置：ifconfig eth1:0 down

ip的方式配多个ip，成为辅助ip

heartbeat 高可用早起用的别名ip，centos6下ha也是辅助ip。

keeplived高可用一直用辅助ip

辅助ip添加方法：

[root@oldboy ~]# ip addr add 192.168.1.103/24 dev eth0:10
[root@oldboy ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:50:56:37:e5:dd brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.110/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
    inet 192.168.1.109/24 brd 225.168.1.255 scope global secondary eth0:0
    inet 192.168.1.108/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global secondary eth0:1
    inet 192.168.1.107/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global secondary eth0:3
    inet 192.168.1.106/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global secondary eth0:4
    inet 192.168.1.103/24 scope global secondary eth0
    inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe37:e5dd/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

ip的方式未来趋势

ip add是查看

网卡重启别名ip失效：携程配置文件（/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0:1)）

网卡重启后辅助ip也会失效

查看网络状态：

ifconfig
ip
route -n

hostname(uname -n) 查看主机名

netstat(ESTABLISHED建立连接的状态，数量即表示网络连接数)
lsof