ZFS调试命令zdb之进阶用法-CSDN博客

 
          [root@localhost ~] 
          # zdb -mmmm case4 sdb1 4 
         
          Metaslabs: 
         
          vdev          0 
         
          metaslabs   119   offset                spacemap           
          free      
         
          ---------------   -------------------   ---------------   ------------- 
         
          metaslab      4   offset     40000000   spacemap     42    
          free     
          5.05M 
         
          segments         19   maxsize   4.44M   freepct    1% 
         
          In-memory histogram: 
         
          9:      3 *** 
         
          10:      2 ** 
         
          11:      1 * 
         
          12:      0 
         
          13:      1 * 
         
          14:      6 ****** 
         
          15:      2 ** 
         
          16:      2 ** 
         
          17:      1 * 
         
          18:      0 
         
          19:      0 
         
          20:      0 
         
          21:      0 
         
          22:      1 * 
         
          On-disk histogram:      fragmentation 11 
         
          9:      2 ** 
         
          10:      0 
         
          11:      0 
         
          12:      0 
         
          13:      1 * 
         
          14:      1 * 
         
          15:      2 ** 
         
          16:      0 
         
          17:      0 
         
          18:      0 
         
          19:      0 
         
          20:      0 
         
          21:      0 
         
          22:      1 * 
         
          [     0] ALLOC: txg 109, pass 1 
         
          [     1]    A  range: 0040000000-00403e9c00  size: 3e9c00 
         
          [     2] FREE: txg 109, pass 1 
         
          [     3]    F  range: 00403e4000-00403e4800  size: 000800 
         
          [     4] ALLOC: txg 109, pass 2 
         
          [     5]    A  range: 00403e9c00-00403f7000  size: 00d400 
         
          [     6] ALLOC: txg 109, pass 3 
         
          [     7]    A  range: 00403f7000-00403fb000  size: 004000 
         
          [     8] ALLOC: txg 111, pass 1 
         
          [     9]    A  range: 00403fb000-00413fb000  size: 1000000 
         
          [    10]    A  range: 00413fb000-00423fb000  size: 1000000 
         
          [    11]    A  range: 00423fb000-0042a8cc00  size: 691c00 
         
          [    12] FREE: txg 111, pass 1 
         
          [    13]    F  range: 00403c0000-00403e4000  size: 024000 
         
          [    14]    F  range: 00403e4800-00403e9c00  size: 005400 
         
          [    15]    F  range: 0042a87000-0042a87800  size: 000800 
         
          [    16] ALLOC: txg 111, pass 2 
         
          [    17]    A  range: 0042a8cc00-0042a97c00  size: 00b000 
         
          [    18] ALLOC: txg 111, pass 3 
         
          [    19]    A  range: 0042a97c00-0042a9ec00  size: 007000 
         
          [    20] ALLOC: txg 112, pass 1 
         
          [    21]    A  range: 0042a9ec00-0042ac5000  size: 026400 
         
          [    22] FREE: txg 112, pass 1 
         
          [    23]    F  range: 0042a6f000-0042a87000  size: 018000 
         
          [    24]    F  range: 0042a87800-0042a8cc00  size: 005400 
         
          [    25]    F  range: 0042abf400-0042abfc00  size: 000800 
         
          [    26] ALLOC: txg 112, pass 2 
         
          [    27]    A  range: 0042ac5000-0042ad1000  size: 00c000 
         
          [    28] FREE: txg 112, pass 2 
         
          [    29]    F  range: 00403e9c00-00403eac00  size: 001000 
         
          [    30]    F  range: 00403eae00-00403ebe00  size: 001000 
         
          [    31]    F  range: 00403ec000-00403fb000  size: 00f000 
         
          [    32] ALLOC: txg 112, pass 3 
         
          [    33]    A  range: 0042ad1000-0042ad7000  size: 006000 
         
          [    34] ALLOC: txg 114, pass 1 
         
          [    35]    A  range: 00403c0000-00403e8800  size: 028800 
         
          [    36]    A  range: 0042ad7000-0043ad7000  size: 1000000 
         
          [    37]    A  range: 0043ad7000-004448b000  size: 9b4000 
         
          [    38] FREE: txg 114, pass 1 
         
          [    39]    F  range: 0042a9ec00-0042a9ee00  size: 000200 
         
          [    40]    F  range: 0042a9f400-0042aa3400  size: 004000 
         
          [    41]    F  range: 0042aa7400-0042abf400  size: 018000 
         
          [    42]    F  range: 0042abfc00-0042ac5000  size: 005400 
         
          [    43]    F  range: 0044485400-0044485c00  size: 000800 
         
          [    44] ALLOC: txg 114, pass 2 
         
          [    45]    A  range: 004448b000-0044496000  size: 00b000 
         
          [    46] FREE: txg 114, pass 2 
         
          [    47]    F  range: 0042a8cc00-0042a9bc00  size: 00f000 
         
          [    48]    F  range: 0042a9cc00-0042a9dc00  size: 001000 
         
          [    49] ALLOC: txg 114, pass 3 
         
          [    50]    A  range: 0044496000-004449d000  size: 007000 
         
          [    51] ALLOC: txg 117, pass 1 
         
          [    52]    A  range: 004449d000-004549d000  size: 1000000 
         
          [    53]    A  range: 004549d000-0045a07a00  size: 56aa00 
         
          [    54] FREE: txg 117, pass 1 
         
          [    55]    F  range: 00403c0000-00403c0400  size: 000400 
         
          [    56]    F  range: 0042ad8a00-0042ad8c00  size: 000200 
         
          [    57]    F  range: 004441d400-0044421400  size: 004000 
         
          [    58]    F  range: 0044469400-0044485400  size: 01c000 
         
          [    59]    F  range: 0044485c00-004448b000  size: 005400 
         
          [    60]    F  range: 0045a01e00-0045a02600  size: 000800 
         
          [    61] ALLOC: txg 117, pass 2 
         
          [    62]    A  range: 0045a07a00-0045a12a00  size: 00b000 
         
          [    63] FREE: txg 117, pass 2 
         
          [    64]    F  range: 0042a9bc00-0042a9cc00  size: 001000 
         
          [    65]    F  range: 0042a9dc00-0042a9ec00  size: 001000 
         
          [    66]    F  range: 0042ac6000-0042ad6000  size: 010000 
         
          [    67] ALLOC: txg 117, pass 3 
         
          [    68]    A  range: 0045a12a00-0045a16a00  size: 004000 
         
          [    69] ALLOC: txg 118, pass 1 
         
          [    70]    A  range: 00403ec000-00403f4000  size: 008000 
         
          [    71]    A  range: 0045a16a00-0046a16a00  size: 1000000 
         
          [    72]    A  range: 0046a16a00-0047a16a00  size: 1000000 
         
          [    73]    A  range: 0047a16a00-0047dbca00  size: 3a6000 
         
          [    74] FREE: txg 118, pass 1 
         
          [    75]    F  range: 0042ad7200-0042ad7400  size: 000200 
         
          [    76]    F  range: 00453ffc00-00453ffe00  size: 000200 
         
          [    77]    F  range: 004588b000-004588b400  size: 000400 
         
          [    78]    F  range: 00458be800-00458bec00  size: 000400 
         
          [    79]    F  range: 004593de00-0045941e00  size: 004000 
         
          [    80]    F  range: 00459d9e00-00459dde00  size: 004000 
         
          [    81]    F  range: 00459e1e00-0045a01e00  size: 020000 
         
          [    82]    F  range: 0045a02600-0045a07a00  size: 005400 
         
          [    83]    F  range: 0047db6e00-0047db7600  size: 000800 
         
          [    84] ALLOC: txg 118, pass 2 
         
          [    85]    A  range: 0047dbca00-0047dc7a00  size: 00b000 
         
          [    86] FREE: txg 118, pass 2 
         
          [    87]    F  range: 004448b000-004449a000  size: 00f000 
         
          [    88] ALLOC: txg 118, pass 3 
         
          [    89]    A  range: 0047dc7a00-0047dcba00  size: 004000 
         
          [    90] ALLOC: txg 119, pass 1 
         
          [    91]    A  range: 0047dcba00-0048dcba00  size: 1000000 
         
          [    92]    A  range: 0048dcba00-0049dcba00  size: 1000000 
         
          [    93]    A  range: 0049dcba00-004ab07a00  size: d3c000 
         
          [    94] FREE: txg 119, pass 1 
         
          [    95]    F  range: 0047abde00-0047abee00  size: 001000 
         
          [    96]    F  range: 0047d82e00-0047d86e00  size: 004000 
         
          [    97]    F  range: 0047d9ae00-0047db6e00  size: 01c000 
         
          [    98]    F  range: 0047db7600-0047dbca00  size: 005400 
         
          [    99]    F  range: 004ab01e00-004ab02600  size: 000800 
         
          [   100] ALLOC: txg 119, pass 2 
         
          [   101]    A  range: 004ab07a00-004ab12a00  size: 00b000 
         
          [   102] FREE: txg 119, pass 2 
         
          [   103]    F  range: 0045a07a00-0045a16a00  size: 00f000 
         
          [   104] ALLOC: txg 119, pass 3 
         
          [   105]    A  range: 004ab12a00-004ab16a00  size: 004000 
         
          [   106] ALLOC: txg 120, pass 1 
         
          [   107]    A  range: 004ab16a00-004bb16a00  size: 1000000 
         
          [   108]    A  range: 004bb16a00-004cb16a00  size: 1000000 
         
          [   109]    A  range: 004cb16a00-004db16a00  size: 1000000 
         
          [   110]    A  range: 004db16a00-004db18000  size: 001600 
         
          [   111] FREE: txg 120, pass 1 
         
          [   112]    F  range: 0047dd3e00-0047dd6600  size: 002800 
         
          [   113]    F  range: 004aab5a00-004aabda00  size: 008000 
         
          [   114]    F  range: 004aac1e00-004aac5e00  size: 004000 
         
          [   115]    F  range: 004aae5e00-004ab01e00  size: 01c000 
         
          [   116]    F  range: 004ab02600-004ab07a00  size: 005400 
         
          [   117]    F  range: 004db12400-004db12c00  size: 000800 
         
          [   118] ALLOC: txg 120, pass 2 
         
          [   119]    A  range: 004db18000-004db23000  size: 00b000 
         
          [   120] FREE: txg 120, pass 2 
         
          [   121]    F  range: 0047dbca00-0047dcba00  size: 00f000 
         
          [   122] ALLOC: txg 120, pass 3 
         
          [   123]    A  range: 004db23000-004db27000  size: 004000 
         
          [   124] ALLOC: txg 121, pass 1 
         
          [   125]    A  range: 004db27000-004e090c00  size: 569c00 
         
          [   126] FREE: txg 121, pass 1 
         
          [   127]    F  range: 004dabe000-004dac6000  size: 008000 
         
          [   128]    F  range: 004daf6400-004db12400  size: 01c000 
         
          [   129]    F  range: 004db12c00-004db18000  size: 005400 
         
          [   130]    F  range: 004e08b000-004e08b800  size: 000800 
         
          [   131] ALLOC: txg 121, pass 2 
         
          [   132]    A  range: 004e090c00-004e09bc00  size: 00b000 
         
          [   133] FREE: txg 121, pass 2 
         
          [   134]    F  range: 004ab07a00-004ab16a00  size: 00f000 
         
          [   135] ALLOC: txg 121, pass 3 
         
          [   136]    A  range: 004e09bc00-004e09fc00  size: 004000 
         
          [   137] ALLOC: txg 123, pass 1 
         
          [   138]    A  range: 00403c0000-00403c0400  size: 000400 
         
          [   139]    A  range: 00403e8800-00403eac00  size: 002400 
         
          [   140]    A  range: 00403eae00-00403ebe00  size: 001000 
         
          [   141]    A  range: 00403f4000-00403fb000  size: 007000 
         
          [   142]    A  range: 0042a6f000-0042a9ee00  size: 02fe00 
         
          [   143]    A  range: 0042a9f400-0042aa3400  size: 004000 
         
          [   144]    A  range: 0042aa7400-0042ac5000  size: 01dc00 
         
          [   145]    A  range: 0042ac6000-0042ad6000  size: 010000 
         
          [   146]    A  range: 0042ad7200-0042ad7400  size: 000200 
         
          [   147]    A  range: 0042ad8a00-0042ad8c00  size: 000200 
         
          [   148]    A  range: 004441d400-0044421400  size: 004000 
         
          [   149]    A  range: 0044469400-004449a000  size: 030c00 
         
          [   150]    A  range: 00453ffc00-00453ffe00  size: 000200 
         
          [   151]    A  range: 004588b000-004588b400  size: 000400 
         
          [   152]    A  range: 00458be800-00458bec00  size: 000400 
         
          [   153]    A  range: 004593de00-0045941e00  size: 004000 
         
          [   154]    A  range: 00459d9e00-00459dde00  size: 004000 
         
          [   155]    A  range: 00459e1e00-0045a16a00  size: 034c00 
         
          [   156]    A  range: 0047abde00-0047abee00  size: 001000 
         
          [   157]    A  range: 0047d82e00-0047d86e00  size: 004000 
         
          [   158]    A  range: 0047d9ae00-0047dcba00  size: 030c00 
         
          [   159]    A  range: 0047dd3e00-0047dd6600  size: 002800 
         
          [   160]    A  range: 004aab5a00-004aabda00  size: 008000 
         
          [   161]    A  range: 004aac1e00-004aac5e00  size: 004000 
         
          [   162]    A  range: 004aae5e00-004ab07a00  size: 021c00 
         
          [   163]    A  range: 004db12400-004db12c00  size: 000800 
         
          [   164]    A  range: 004e09fc00-004f09fc00  size: 1000000 
         
          [   165]    A  range: 004f09fc00-004fb92e00  size: af3200 
         
          [   166] FREE: txg 123, pass 1 
         
          [   167]    F  range: 0042a9ee00-0042a9f400  size: 000600 
         
          [   168]    F  range: 0042aa3400-0042aa7400  size: 004000 
         
          [   169]    F  range: 0046680800-0046680e00  size: 000600 
         
          [   170]    F  range: 00474f7400-00474f7600  size: 000200 
         
          [   171]    F  range: 0047c5ae00-0047c5ee00  size: 004000 
         
          [   172]    F  range: 0047cb6e00-0047cbae00  size: 004000 
         
          [   173]    F  range: 0047d72e00-0047d76e00  size: 004000 
         
          [   174]    F  range: 004ac8cc00-004ac91200  size: 004600 
         
          [   175]    F  range: 004daca400-004dace400  size: 004000 
         
          [   176]    F  range: 004e067000-004e08b000  size: 024000 
         
          [   177]    F  range: 004e08b800-004e090c00  size: 005400 
         
          [   178]    F  range: 004fb8d200-004fb8da00  size: 000800 
         
          [   179] ALLOC: txg 123, pass 2 
         
          [   180]    A  range: 004fb92e00-004fb9de00  size: 00b000 
         
          [   181] FREE: txg 123, pass 2 
         
          [   182]    F  range: 004db18000-004db27000  size: 00f000 
         
          [   183] ALLOC: txg 123, pass 3 
         
          [   184]    A  range: 004fb9de00-004fba1e00  size: 004000 
         
          [   185] FREE: txg 125, pass 1 
         
          [   186]    F  range: 004fb8e600-004fb92e00  size: 004800 
         
          [   187] FREE: txg 125, pass 2 
         
          [   188]    F  range: 004e090c00-004e09fc00  size: 00f000 
         
          [   189] FREE: txg 127, pass 2 
         
          [   190]    F  range: 00403eac00-00403eae00  size: 000200 
         
          [   191]    F  range: 00403ebe00-00403ec000  size: 000200 
         
          [   192]    F  range: 004449a000-004449c000  size: 002000 
         
          [   193]    F  range: 004fb92e00-004fba1e00  size: 00f000

引用：http://cuddletech.com/?p=407 中的一段zdb命令的说明

There are 3 arguments that are really the core ones of interest, but fefore we get to them, you absolutely must understand something unique about zdb. ZDB is like a magnifying glass, at default magnification you can see that its tissue, turn up the magnification and you see that it has veins, turn it up again and you see how intricate the system is, crank it up one more time and you can see blood cells themselves. With zdb, each time we repeat an argument we increase the verbosity and thus dig deeper. For instance, zdb -d will list the datasets of a pool, but zdb -dd will output the list of objects within the pool. Thus, when you really zoom in you’ll see commands that look really odd like zdb -ddddddddd. This takes a little practice to get the hang of, so please toy around on a small test pool to get the hang of it.

Now, here are summaries of the 3 primary arguments you’ll use and how things change as you crank up the verbosity:

zdb -b pool: This will traverse blocks looking for leaks like the default form.

- -bb: Outputs a breakdown of space (block) usage for various ZFS object types.
- -bbb: Same as above, but includes breakdown by DMU/SPA level (L0-L6).
- -bbbb: Same as above, but includes line line per object with details about it, including compression, checksum, DVA, object ID, etc.
- -bbbbb…: Same as above.

zdb -d dataset: This will output a list of objects within a dataset. More d’s means more verbosity:

- -d: Output list of datasets, including ID, cr_txg, size, and number of objects.
- –dd: Output concise list of objects within the dataset, with object id, lsize, asize, type, etc.
- -ddd: Same as dd.
- -dddd: Outputs list of datasets and objects in detail, including objects path (filename), a/c/r/mtime, mode, etc.
- -ddddd: Same as previous, but includes indirect block addresses (DVAs) as well.
- -dddddd….: Same as above.

zdb -R pool:vdev_specifier:offset:size[:flags]: Given a DVA, outputs object contents in hex display format. If given the :r flag it will output in raw binary format. This can be used for manual recovery of files.

本文转自张宇 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/zhangyu/1857185，如需转载请自行联系原作者