在java中goto是意思,java goto

java中goto作为关键字，没有实际用处，在C/C++/汇编语言中经常使用，用于跳转至指定位置

虽然Java中的goto不起作用，但Java 中同样可以定义标签(当然Java中标签的设计不是为了goto)，使用标识符加冒号的形式，例如retry:

Java 中的标签是为循环设计的，是为了在多重循环中方便的使用 break 和 coutinue 而设计的，这也是Java中唯一用到标签的地方。

正是由于这个原因，Java 的标签只能定义在三种循环 (for() {}, do{} while(), while() {}) 的开始位置，否则编译器会报告说找不到标签。

在循环前面加上标签，就好像给循环起了个名字。而后在循环中使用 break 或者 continue 语句的时候，就可以带上这个标签做为参数，指明跳出 (break) 或者继续 (continue)标签对应的哪个循环，如break retry;、continue retry;。

public class retryLearn {

static void retryContinue() {

System.out.println("执行retryContinue:");

int i = 0, j = 0;

retry:

for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {

System.out.println(j);

if (j == 3) {

continue retry;

}

}

}

System.out.printf("after loop, i = %d, j=%d", i, j);

}

static void retryBreak() {

System.out.println("执行retryBreak:");

int i = 0, j = 0;

retry1:

for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {

System.out.println(j);

if (j == 3) break retry1;

}

}

System.out.printf("after loop, i = %d, j=%d\n", i, j);

}

static void whileLabel() {

System.out.println("执行whileLabel:");

int i = 0;

int j = 0;

whileLabel:

while (i++ < 10) {

while (j < 10) {

System.out.println(j);

if (j == 6) break whileLabel;

++j;

}

}

System.out.printf("after loop, i = %d, j=%d\n", i, j);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

retryContinue();

System.out.println("***********************");

retryBreak();

System.out.println("***********************");

whileLabel();

}

}

以retryBreak函数举例，当第二层for循环中j的值是３的时候，执行break retry1语句，

而retry1这个标签标记的是第一层循环，也就是说对最外层循环执行break，所以当在ｉ的值为0，j的值为3的时候跳转两层嵌套的for循环

源码中的使用：ThreadPoolExecutor#addWorker

private boolean addWorker(Runnable firstTask, boolean core) {

retry:

for (;;) {

int c = ctl.get();

int rs = runStateOf(c);

// Check if queue empty only if necessary.

if (rs >= SHUTDOWN &&

! (rs == SHUTDOWN &&

firstTask == null &&

! workQueue.isEmpty()))

return false;

for (;;) {

int wc = workerCountOf(c);

if (wc >= CAPACITY ||

wc >= (core ? corePoolSize : maximumPoolSize))

return false;

if (compareAndIncrementWorkerCount(c))

break retry;

c = ctl.get(); // Re-read ctl

if (runStateOf(c) != rs)

continue retry;

// else CAS failed due to workerCount change; retry inner loop

}

}

boolean workerStarted = false;

boolean workerAdded = false;

Worker w = null;

try {

w = new Worker(firstTask);

final Thread t = w.thread;

if (t != null) {

final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;

mainLock.lock();

try {

// Recheck while holding lock.

// Back out on ThreadFactory failure or if

// shut down before lock acquired.

int rs = runStateOf(ctl.get());

if (rs < SHUTDOWN ||

(rs == SHUTDOWN && firstTask == null)) {

if (t.isAlive()) // precheck that t is startable

throw new IllegalThreadStateException();

workers.add(w);

int s = workers.size();

if (s > largestPoolSize)

largestPoolSize = s;

workerAdded = true;

}

} finally {

mainLock.unlock();

}

if (workerAdded) {

t.start();

workerStarted = true;

}

}

} finally {

if (! workerStarted)

addWorkerFailed(w);

}

return workerStarted;

}